高中英语单项选择题讲练454.doc

高中英语单项选择题讲练发表日期：2015年1月11日高中英语单项选择题讲练1. I hope _ the job shes applied for(申请).A. shes going to get B. shell get C. she is to get D. she decides to get答案是B项。will 或 shall 用来表示希望或期望。因此在表示与希望有关的动词或动词短语的宾语从句中的将来时态时，要用 will 或 shall。这些动词或短语是：hope, expect, be sure, believe, think, suppose, doubt 和 be afraid 等。2. There must be _ book which could help.A. some B. any C. one D. one useful答案是A项。some 除了用作数量词外，还可用来泛指未知的人或事物。又如：There must be some reason for what he has done. (他所做的事肯定基于某种原因。)3. If you _ stop smoking, you can only expect to have a bad cough.A. wont B. would not C. do not D. can not答案是A项。will 除了用作表示将来时的助动词外，还可用来强调愿意或不愿意。又如：If you will would wait a moment, I will fetch the money.(如果你肯/愿意稍等片刻，我就把钱取来。) 但是在表示不肯或不愿意时，则只能使用 wont，不能使用 would not。4. Take a taxi, _ youll miss your train.A. andB. ifC. otherwise D. or答案是C项。祈使句可用来取代 if 从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用 if 从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时，其连词用 and，表示忠告时用连词 otherwise，表示威胁时，用连词 or。例如：Fail to pay and they will cut off the electricity. (不交钱，他们就会中断供电。)这是客观的评论；Tell us what to do and we will get on with it. (如果你告诉我们该做些什么，我们就会把它做好。)这明显是请求；Put on you overcoat when you go out, otherwise you will catch cold. (外出时你应该穿上大衣，不然的话你会感冒的。) 显然这是忠告；Drop that gun, or I will shoot you. (把枪放下，否则我就开枪打死你。)很明显，这是威胁。5. I posted the letter some time _ the week.A. inB. during C. throughoutD. within答案是B项。如同感观动词一样，下面这些动词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格（如 him, Mary），其后是“动词 -ing”：start, keep, stop, catch, find, leave。如：When are you going to start him working for us? (你打算什么时候让他开始为我们工作？)。应该指出感观动词后的宾语既可跟着“动词 -ing”形式，又可跟着不带 to 动词不定式，但以上这些动词后总跟着宾语 + 动词 -ing 的形式。6. Id better not catch _ that again!A. your doing B. you doing C. you to doD. you being doing答案是B项。如同感观动词一样，下面这些动词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格（如 him, Mary），其后是“动词 -ing”：start, keep, stop, catch, find, leave, 如：When are you going to start him working for us? (你打算什么时候让他开始为我们工作？)。应该指出感观动词后的宾语既可跟着“动词 -ing”形式，又可跟着不带 to 动词不定式，但以上这些动词后总跟着宾语 + 动词 -ing 的形式。7. I couldnt have got to the meeting on time _ an earlier train.A. if I had not caughtB. unless I had caughtC. if I did not catchD. unless I caught答案是B项。if not 和 unless 有时可以互相替换，但也有不能互相替换的时候。unless 用于这样的句子，即“如果A不受阻于B，A将发生”，例如：He will accept the job if the salary is not too low / unless the salary is too low. (如果薪水不太低，他就会接受这一工作/除非薪水太低，否则他会接受这一项工作的。)但是 unless 不能用于“由于未发生B而发生A”的句子里，如：I will be quite glad if she does not come this evening. (她今天晚上要是不来，我才高兴呢。) 又如：I will be surprised if he does not win the game next week. (如果他赢不了下星期那场比赛，我倒会感到惊奇的。) 在以上的两个句子中不能使用 unless，但是 unless常用来引导一个谈及过去的事后的想法，unless 从句跟着主句，通常用破折号而不是逗号将它与主句分开。第7题的句意是：我不可能准时到会了-除非我当时赶上更早一列火车。这个句子的实际是说：我没有准时到会。我只有赶上更早的一趟火车，才能准时到会。如果用 if not 代替上面句中的 unless，那么这个句子就变成：I couldnt have got to the meeting on time if I hadnt caught an earlier train. (要不是我赶上了更早的一班火车，我就不可能准时到会。)这句话表达的意思与上句完全相反：我确实准时到会了，因为我赶上了更早的一趟火车。8. Ill have you _ English in six months.A. speakingB. speakC. spoken D. be able to speak答案是A项。“have+ 宾语 + doing”这一结构有以下五种用法。（1）用来表示我们一心要取得的效果，如：He promised to have me swimming across the river in two weekstime. (他答应在两周之内使我能游过那条河。)（2）用来表示使宾语持续做某事，如：In cold winter we always have the fire burning day and night.(在冬天，我们总是让火日以继夜地燃烧着。)（3）用来表示不想发生的后果，如：Dont shout! You will have the neighbors complaining! (别大声嚷嚷！你会使邻居有意见的！)（4）用来表示说话人控制不了的情况，如：We have salesmen or saleswomen calling every day. (我们每天都得任凭推销员们的造访。)（5）这一结构前如用 can not 或 wont，则表示“不能/愿容忍”宾语做某事，如：I wont / can not have you speaking like that about your father. (我不允许/不能容忍你那样无礼貌地谈论你自己的父亲。)9. Our decision _ was wise.A. of waiting B. to wait C. for waiting D. to be waiting答案是B项。英语中一些名词总与不定式连用，如：decision , wish 与 refusal 等，使用这些名词与使用它们的动词形式表达的内容是一致的，请看下面三组例句：我们决定等待是明智的。His wish to succeed is probable. 他希望成功，有可能。Her refusal to help surprised us greatly. 她拒绝帮忙，使我们感到意外。10. Hes unlucky, and hes always suffering _ luck one after another.A. a sick B. an ill C. sick D. ill答案是D项。英语中的名词有可数与不可数之分，luck 是不可数名词，用来修饰贬意的 luck 形容词有bad，poor 或 ill，这时 ill 的词义是：不好的。11. The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouraged _ these for a sight-seeing.A. us from going B. us to go C. our going D. our to go答案是A项。discourage 与 encourage 互为反义词。英语中说“鼓励某人做某事”时使用 encourage sb. to do sth.，但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事”时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb. to do sth.，这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb. from doing sth.。12. My dictionary _. I have looked for it everywhere but still _ it.A. has lost; do not find B. is missing; do not find C. has lost; have not found D. is missing; have not found答案是D项。lose 是个及物动词，如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A项与C项使用的都是其主动形式。missing 是形容词，其词义是：lost; not to be found (丢失了的)，据此，第一空缺处应填入 is missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。13. Shortly after the accident, two _ police were sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen答案是D项。英语中一些表示数字的名词的前面如果用了数词，这些名词必须是单数形式，如 dozen(一打)，score(二十)和 head (头) 等，例如：另外两打鸡蛋 another two dozen eggs; 八十七年前 four score and seven years ago; 五十五头牲口 fifty-five head of cattle 。但是如果这些名词用来虚指某些可数名词时，这些名词呈复数形式，其后更加上介词 of 例如：dozens of pencils (几十支铅笔)和 scores of tame birds (几十只家禽)。14. Besides Tom, _ Crosettes have two other sons, _ of whom are all interested in making model planes.A. 不填；two B. 不填；the two C. the; three D. the; the three答案是D项。在英语的姓氏前使用定冠词，表示的是这个姓氏的一家人或这个姓氏的夫妇；“the + 数词 + of + 代词”这一结构表示该代词的总数是前面的数词表示的数量，而“数词 + of + 代词”结构中的代词表示的量肯定大于前面数词表示的数量，试比较：the five of us (我们这五个人，us 表示的就是五个人)而five ofus (我们中的五个人，us 表示的数量肯定要多于五个人)。15. Mr. Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils, except _ who had already taken them.A. these B. ones C.the ones D. the others答案是C项。one 本来是数词，但也可用作不定代词，代替前面刚提到的一个东西或人，避免重复前面刚提到的名词，有时 one 可以有自己的定语或冠词，甚至可以有复数形式，如：I dont like these pink shirts. Will you please show me the white ones? (我不喜欢这些粉色的衬衣，请您把那些白色的衬衣拿给我看看好吗？)16. _ professional violinist practises for several hours a day, but _ violinist has his own way of playing the Beethoven concert.A. Each, every B. Every; each C. All; every D. Either; every答案是B项。虽然 every 与 each 在汉语中的词意是：“每一个”，但这两个代词的内涵不完全一样。every与 all 含义很接近，如：He has read every book / all books on the subject. (有关这个科目的书籍他全都读过了。)英文中常用 every 进行概括，强调事物或人的总体性，而 each 则表示个别概念，当我们说 each violinist 时，我们想到的是每个不同的人做着不同的事。又如：We want every child to succeed, however each child will find his or her own personal road to success. (我们希望每个孩子都能成功，然而每个孩子将会找到他或她个人的成功之路。)17. The black horse is _ of the pair.A. the strongest B. the stronger C. the strong D. quite strong答案是B项。英语表示“两里择一的那一个更”的名词前的比较级前面应该使用定冠词 the。pair 的词义是“一对”或“一双”，此处的 the pair 的词义是 two horses fastened side by side to a cart (两匹套在车辕的马)。因此，此处应该使用 the stronger。18. The duties of a policeman are _ than _.A. dangerouser; a teacher B. more dangerous; a teacherC. greater danger; those of a teacher D. more dangerous; those of a teacher答案是D项。英语中由构词法派生出的形容词或副词比较级与最高级一律前面加 more 各 the most 构成。dangerous 是由 danger 派生出的形容词，因此其比较级是 more dangerous; 在比较句中，一定要使比较的东西是一致的。为了避免重复，需比较的对象如果是单数，应该使用 that of 代替，如果需比较的对象是复数，则用 those of ，请看以下两个例句，并理解上述说法：The climate in Florida is as mild as in California. (佛罗里达州的气候与加州的气候一样暖和。) Classes in universities are more difficult than those in colleges. (大学本科的课程比大学专科的课程更难。)19. It is a rule in his family that _ comes home earlier should cook the dinner for the family.A. Anybody B. who C. who that D. whoever答案是D项。whoever 有两个词义：（1）no matter who，在这种用法时引导一个让步状语从句，如：Whoever ( = No matter who ) it is, I do not want to see them. (无论他是谁，我都不想见。)，又如：The business would be a success , whoever ( no matter who ) owned it. (这个企业准能兴旺发达，甭管谁是它的主人。)；（2）anybody / that，在这种用法时，它连接一个名词性从句，在本题中它连的是主语从句，又如：I will take whoever ( anybody that ) wants to go to that beautiful park. (我要带任何想去那个美丽公园的人去那里。)在这一例句中 whoever 连接的是一个宾语从句。20. I really wonder _ he has posted me many parcels _ we worked together.A. how; after B. why; when C. when; before D. why; since答案是D项。英语中的连词 since 有这样的特性：终止其后从句中的延续性的谓语动词的动作。第二个空白处填入 since 之后，这个从句的意思是：自从我们不在一起工作起。此外，since 还可使其后从句里的非延续性的谓语动词延续。例如：It is 15 years since he joined the Army. (他参军已经十五年了。)21 . How long _ each other before they _ married? For about a year.A. have they known; get B. did they know; were going to getC. do they know; are going to get D. had they known; got答案是D项。根据句意分析，他们结婚已是过去的事，那末，他们互相了解大约一年的时间肯定发生在结婚前，发生在过去某一动作之前的动作，应该使用过去完成时。22. Michael _ here to see you and he _ a note on your desk.A. has come;has left B. has been; has left C. has come; left D. has been; left答案是D项。此处的 has been here 表示“刚才到这儿来过”，从字面上看这个表达方式是现在完成时，但实际上这个表达方式的内涵是该人已不在此处了。因此这个动作是发生在过去的事，那末该在你的书桌上留便条的动作也该用一般过去时。23. When _ and visit our exhibition next month? When _, I will let you know.A. will he come; he will come B. will he come; he comesC. does he come; he will come D. does he come; he comes答案是B项。第一句中的时间状语 next month 确定了这句的一般将来时的时态，然而第二句是由 when 引导的时间状语从句，在时间状语从句中只能用一般现在时表示的是一般将来时。24. Mrs. Green wants to buy that kind of cloth because she _ that the cloth _ very well.A. has been told; washes B. is told; is washedC. has been told; is washed D. is told; is washed答案是A项。根据语境第一个空白处应该使用现在完成时的被动语态，第二个空白处应该选用washes，因为 wash 这个动词也可作不及物动词使用，它的词意是“耐洗”。英语中 This cloth washes well. 表达的是：这布很耐洗。25. Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment.A. must B. need C. should D. can答案是C项。根据语境空白处应填表示具有“随时可能”意义的情态动词。虽然 can 可以表示可能性，但它往往表示的是对这种可能性的怀疑。例如：Can he still be alive after all these years? (这么多年之后，他还可能活在人世吗？) should 除具有“应该”词义之外，还有一个含义是：will probably (将来很可能发生)又如：His uncle is working among the enemy officials now. Dangerous things should happen to him at any time. (他的叔叔现在在敌人的军营中工作，危险的事随时都可能发生在他身上。)26. I _ you somewhere before, but your name has escaped me _ moment.A. must see; for a moment B. must have seen; for a momentC. must see; for the moment D. must have seen; for the moment答案是D项。must 与不定式的完成体连用表示对过去发生的事持肯定态度的推断，在疑问句中用 can，在持否定态度的推断时用 can not。例如：He must have rid himself of his preumonia last week, for you see, he doesnt cough at all now. (他在上星期肯定治愈了他的肺炎，你看，他现在一点都不咳嗽了。) for a moment 表示一个动作延续了一会儿，而 for the moment 则表示“目前；暂时”。27. Were leaving at six oclock, and hope _ most of the journey by lunch time.A. to do B. to have done C. to make D. to have made答案是B项。要答对这道题需要两方面的知识。一是不定式的完成体用来表示这个动作发生在谓语动作之前，或是表示该动作的完成。本题中的不定式的完成体表示的正是该动作的完成，因此这句话可改写为：Were leaving at six oclock, and hope that we will have done most the journey by lunch time. (我们将在六点时动身，希望在午饭前走完大半路程。)第二，知识是与 journey 连用的不同的动词所具有的不同的内涵。词组 to make a journey 或 to go on a journey 都表示“做一次旅行”，在这两个词组里 a journey 是一个整体，但是如果要表示旅程中的一部分，正确的英语则使用 do 这个动词，例如：do some / much / most of the journey (走完这个旅程的一部分/大部分/绝大部分)28. She was afraid _ the dog in case it became dangerous .A. of excitingB. to exciteC. that she excitedD. to be exciting答案是B项。be afraid 后面既可以跟不定式 be afraid to sth. 又可以跟动名词 be afraid of doing sth., 但前者的意思是：害怕/不敢做某事；后者的意思为：对可能出现的结果的发愁或忧虑，试比较以下两个句子：She was afraid to wake up her husband . (perhaps because she feared that he would be annoyed or angry) 她不敢唤醒她的丈夫。（可能因为她害怕他会不高兴或生气）She was afraid of waking up her husband. (perhaps because he was ill , or in need of extra sleep) 她担心吵醒了她的丈夫。（可能因为他生病了或需要一些额外的睡眠）29. The bad weather meant _ the rocket launch (发射) for 48 hours.A. delaying B. having delayed C. to delay D. to have delayed答案是A项。mean 后既可以跟不定式（mean to do sth.），又可以跟名词 mean doing sth.，便两者内涵是有很大区别的，前者表示“故意去做；诚心去做”而后者表示“意味着要做”。据此两个不定式的选项应予以排除。虽然句中有表示延续一段时间的时间状语，但句意是：恶劣的天气意味着火箭的发射要耽搁四十八小时，“耽搁”这一动作没有也不能发生在谓语动词meant之前，所以C项也必须排除掉。30. Do you consider it any good _ the truck again?A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. being repairing答案是B项。在这个句子中 it 是形式宾语，如果这样的句子中出现了any good, no good, any use 或 no use，就该使用动名词来作句中真正的宾语。31. _ to somebody, a British person after shakes hands with the stranger. A. Introducing B. To introduce C. To be introduced D. On being introduced 答案是D项。很明显，句中的空白处应 选用非谓语动词的被动形式。如果将C项填入空白处，虽然这个不定式是被动形式，但不定式短语处于句首或是充当目的的状语，或是充当含有虚拟意义的动名词时，其意为：“一就”，但如介词on后带被动态的动名词，除上述意义外，还可表示：“在的时候”。D项答案的这个意义正符合上面句子的句意。32. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To答案是C项。过去分词有三个用途：（1）表示被动，如：the oppressed people ( = the people who are oppressed ) 被压迫的人们，又如：the exploited class ( = the class that is exploited ) 被剥削阶级；（2）表示完成，如：the fallen leaves ( = the leaves which have fallen ) 落叶，又如：an escaped prisoner ( = a prisoner who has run out of prison ) 一个逃犯；（3）表示状态，如：a broken window ( = a window that is broken ) 一扇破窗子，又如：lost in thought 陷入沉思。33. Let us not waste _ time we have left. A. the little B. little C. a little D. a little more答案是A项，一般地说，不定代词 many , little 或 few 前是不许使用定冠词的，但是如果它们修饰的名词有特指或限定意义时，它们前面就应使用定冠词了。如：I soon finished the few books she had lent me. (她借给我的那几本书，我很快就看完了。)又如：We must make full use of the contradictions among the enemies, winning over the many and opposing the few. (我们必须充分利用敌人的内部矛盾，争取多数，反对少数。)34. I think the doctor is able to care of _ is the matter with your son. A. all B. what C. whatever D. anything答案是C项。与前面第19题的考查点 whoever 一样，whatever 也具备两个意思，其一是 no matter what，引导让步状语从句；其二是 anything that，引导名词性从句，在本题中，Whatever 引导的是一个宾语从句，whatever 在这个宾语从句被用作主语。35. We will take _ wants to go there for a sight-seeing. A. whoever B. who C. anybody D. all that答案是A项。whoever 有两个词义:（1）no matter who，在这种用法时引导一个让步状语从句，如：Whoever ( = No matter who ) it is, I do not want to see them. (无论他是谁，我都不想见。)，又如：The business would be a success, whoever ( no matter who ) owned it. (这个企业准能兴旺发达，甭管谁是它的主人。)；（2）anybody / that，在这种用法时，它连接一个名词性从句，在本题中它连的是主语从句，又如：I will take whoever ( anybody that ) wants to go to that beautiful park. (我要带任何想去那个美丽公园的人去那里。)在这一例句中 whoever 连接的是一个宾语从句。36. I caught the last bus from town, but Harry came home _ that night. A. very late B. even later C. the same late D. the last one答案是B项。形容词或副词的比较级在一般情况下使用在明示比较句中，但有时也使用在暗示比较句中。暗示比较现象往往出现在带有 but 的并列句里，或带有让步状语从句的主句里。第一分句交代的是暗示某种程度的被比对象，在第二分句里以比较级的形式出现。又如：Great as are his achievements, his ideal and spirit are still greater. (他的成就非常了不起，但他的理想和精神更伟大。)37. What was the party like ? Wonderful. It is years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. after B. when C. before D. since答案是D项。英语中“It is+时间”后三种不同的用法。其一是：“It is + 时间 + that ”，这是强调结构的句型，如：It is always on Wednesday morning that the famous professor comes to give us a lecture about Chinese literature. (那位著名的教授来给我上中国文学课总是在星期三上午)；其二是：“It is+ 一段时间before ”，这一句型的意思是：完成这个从句所发生的事所需的时间量，如：It is about a week before a Londoner can get a letter you post in Beijing today. (一个伦敦人要收到你今天在北京寄出的一封信需要一个星期的时间。)；其三是：“It is+ 一段时间 + since ”这一句型表示的是从从句中动词的动作起所延续的时间。关于 since 这个词的内涵，详见前面的第20小题。38. A man does not know the difficulty of anything _ he does it personally. A. although