江苏省邳州市高一英语 M2U1Grammar and usage课件 牛津版.ppt

英语课件 牛津版高一模块二unit1 presentperfecttense presentprefectcontinuoustense lead in lookatthefollowingsentencesandtrytoexplainwhythetenseisusedinthesesentences 1 wehavestudiedenglishforaboutfiveyears 2 theyhavelivedtheresince1990 3 shehasn tfinishedherhomeworkyet 4 erichasjustcomeback 5 howlonghaveyoubeenhere 1 theformofthepresentperfecttense weformthepresentperfecttensewithhave hasandthepastparticipleoftheverb have has 过去分词 justinhasdisappeared sokellyisverysad weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutthingsthathappenedintherecentpast butareconnectedtothepresent note 2 theusesofthepresentperfecttense ihavenotseenjustinsincelastfridaynight wealsousethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthatstartedinthepastandisstillhappeningnow note ihaven tseenyourforages hehasjustgoneout ithasbeenverycoldlately shehasalreadyfinishedherhomework hehasn tseenhersincethemeeting note weusethepresentperfecttensewhentheexacttimeofanactionisnotclearorimportant weuseitwithtimeexpressionssuchas alreadyeverforjustlatelyneverrecentlysinceyet weusealreadyforaffirmativestatements yetfornegativestatements weusefor aperiodoftime since apointintime note weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutactionsthatwerecompletedonlyashorttimeago hehasjustgoneout hewentoutafewminutesago ihavejustheardthenews nowiknowthenews note wecanalsousethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions thatis weusethepresentperfecttensewiththetimeexpressionsonce twice threetimes theysaythattheyhavebeentoamericamanytimes lookatthesentencesandfindthedifference tomhasrungupthreetimesthismorning nowitisstillinthemorning tomrangupthreetimesthismorning nowitisnotstillinthemorning actionsoccurringinanincompleteperiodmightbeindicatedbytodayorthismorning afternoon evening week month year centuryorallday night week allthetime alwaysetc note pointoutwhattenseortensesareusedinthesentencesandthereasonswhytheyareused 1 wehavestudiedenglishforaboutfiveyears webegantostudyitfiveyearsago 2 theymovedtothesouthin1990andhavelivedtheresincethen 3 ericlefthomelastyearandhasjustcomeback 4 theyboughtthishousethreeyearsagoandtheyhavelivedheresincethen 5 mybrotherwenttoseemygrandpalastweek hehasvisitedhimthreetimesthismonth 1 you mypen yes i itonyourdeskjustnow see 2 you dinner yes i itwithmary have 3 thepostman yetthismorning thepostman thismorning come have have had did have completethesentences seen come come had saw thepresentperfecttenseisnormallyusedforanactionwhichlaststhroughoutanincompleteperiod butwiththepastsimpletense weusetimeexpressionswhichafixedpointinthepast note e g billhassmokedsinceheleftschool hestillsmokes billsmokedforsixmonths itmeansthathestoppedsmokingthen sometimes however thepresentperfecttenseusedfortheactionfinishesatthetimeofspeaking e g ithasbeenverycoldlatelybutit sjustbeginningtogetwarmer onmeetingsomeone youmaysay ihaven tseenyouforages butiseeyounow note note thepresentperfecttenseusedforapastactionwhosetimeisnotdefiniteandoftenhasaresultinthepresent e g tomhashadabadcarcrash he sprobablystillinhospitalnow tomhadabadcarcrash heisprobablyoutofhospitalnow 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 answersforthediary saw hasvisited loves hasn tvisited hasseen hasnevermet hastravelled hasfound hasn tfound has been lookatthesentences sorry haveyoubeenwaitinglong ihavebeenwaitingforanhour past onehourago present waiting arrive theformofthepresentperfectcontinuoustense weformthepresentperfectcontinuoustensewithhave hasbeenandthepresentparticipleoftheverb have has been doing theusesofthepresentperfectcontinuoustense wesometimesusethepresentperfectcontinuoustensetotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandarestillcontinuing orhavejustfinishedbutarestillconnectedtothepresentinsomeway answersofdrfrank swebsite 2 3 4 5 6 havebeentalking havebeentalking havebeenstudying haveseen havebeenwriting presentperfectorpresentperfectcontinuoustense sheisstillreadingthebook lijiahasbeenreadingabookaboutstonehenge lijiahasreadabookaboutstonehenge shefinishedreadingthebook sheknowsthecontentofthebooknow note weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactioncompletedintherecentpast andthepresentprefectcontinuoustenseforanactionthatstartedinthepastandisstillhappening ihavevisitedegypttwicethismonth ihavebeentouringegyptfortwomonths note thepresentperfectcontinuoustensecan tbeusedwithtimeexpressionssuchastwiceorhowmanytimes becauseinthistensetheactioniscontinuous notstoppedandstartedagain wecanusethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions andthepresentperfectcontinuoustensefornon stopactions howmanytimeshaveyouswuminthelake howlonghaveyoubeenswimminginthelake note weusuallyusethepresentperfecttensetoaskquestionsbeginningwithhowmany much andthepresentperfectcontinuoustensetoaskquestionsbeginningwithhowlong astateverboranactionverb 1 ihavehadthiscameraforfiveyears 2 ihavetakenphotosofufoswiththiscamera 3 ihavebeentakingphotosofufoswiththiscamera stateverb actionverb stateverb anactionmeanssomethinghappeningorchanging astatemeanssomethingstayingthesame someexamplesofactionverbsaredo go andplay someexamplesofstateverbsarelike knowandexist note wecanuseeitherastateverboranactionwiththepresentperfecttense butweusuallycanonlyuseanactionverbwiththepresentperfectcontinuoustense astateverbdoesn tmeananaction soitcan tbeusedinacontinuoustense e g they vealwayshadabiggarden howlonghaveyouknowneachother he sbeeninhospitalsincehisaccident i vealreadybeentoparis i venevervisitedparis note weusethepresentperfecttense notthepresentperfectcontinuoustense withthewordslikealways never yet alreadyandever howlonghaveyoubeenlearningenglish howlonghaveyoulearntenglish ithasbeenrainingforalongtime ithasrainedforalongtime note anactionwhichbeganinthepastandisstillcontinuingorhasonlyjustfinishedcan withcertainverbs beexpressedbyeitherthepresentperfectorpresentperfectcontinuous verbswhichcanbeusedinthiswayincludeexpect hope learn lie live sleep sit study wait want snow etc practice makeupdialogueswiththepresentperfecttenseandthepresentperfectcontinuoustense answersofpartaonpage11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 heard beendoing beenresearching done started achieved read found started beendrawing beenmaking 1 hehasbeenwaitingatabusstopinacity 2 theyhavebeentravellinginaufo itlookslikeasaucer sampleanswersonpage11partb 3 theyprobablyhavetalkedtoanimalsorplantsonearthaswellascreaturesonotherplants 4 theyhavevisitedmars venus jupiterandsomeotherplanets 高考链接 i msorry butidon tquitefollowyou didyousayyouwanttoreturnonseptember20 sorry i myselfclear wewanttoreturnonoctober20 2010北京 a hadn tmadeb wouldn tmakec don tmaked haven tmade 2 everyyearafloodoffarmersarriveinshenzhenforthemoney makingjobsthey beforeleavingtheirhometowns 2010福建 a promisedb werepromisedc havepromisedd havebeenpromised 3 motherwantedtobeagoodprovider aroleshe sincehermarriagetofather 2010江西 a shouldersb shoulderedc isshoulderingd hasbeenshouldering 4 thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagesinceit onthemarketin1973 2010重庆 a hadcomeb hascomec camed comes 5 i mtiredout i allafternoonandidon tseemtohavefinishedanything 2010湖南 a shoppedb haveshoppedc hadshoppedd havebeenshopping 1 thatdresswhenifirstsawyouatthestation a wereyouwearingb haveyouwornc didyouweard doyouwear exercises 2 katedoesn tlookverywell what swrongwithher shehasaheadachebecauseshe toolong sheoughttostopwork a hasbeenreadingb hadreadc isreadingd wasreading 3 tellthestudentstostopshouting we ouressays a writeb havebeenwritingc arewritingd havewritten 4 myuncle sam managerofthefirm a hasjustmadeb isjustbeingmadec hasjustbeenmaded isjustmade 5 thisisthefirsttimethestudents tohydepark a havegoneb havebeengonec havebeengoingd arebeinggone 6 she hermother sworksinceshewasadmittedintohospital a isdoingb hasbeendoingc hasdoned hasbeendone7 it everydaysofarthismonth a israiningb rainsc hasrainedd hasbeenrained 考点考例1 ihaven theardanythingfromhimyet p8 考点 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去 但对现在仍有影响 句中可以没有具体的时间状语 肯定句中用already 否定句和疑问句中用yet 考例1 you himaroundthemuseumyet yes wehadagreattimethere a have shownb do showc had shownd did show 点拨 此句强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响 即 是否已经带他参观了博物馆 考例2 we ournewneighborsyet sowedon tknowtheirnames a don tmeetb won tmeetc haven tmetd hadn tmet 点拨 此句表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响 2 hehassentmeane mail tellingmeabouthistravelsaroundthe