剑桥商务英语高级阅读词汇(解释与例句).doc

FOR BEC HIGHER READING ONLYTest 1 Part Onetip n. A helpful hint 指点：有帮助的提示：a column of tips on gardening 一个提供园艺方面建议的专栏winning Successful; victorious 成功的，胜利的：the winning entry; the winning team 成功进入；获胜队periodical n. A publication issued at regular intervals of more than one day 期刊：以多于一天的周期定期出版的出版物publicity n. The act, process, or occupation of disseminating information to gain public interest 宣传：传播信息以引起公众兴趣的行动、过程或职业edge n. a margin of superiority; an advantage 优势的程度；强势 a slight edge over the opposition 比对手稍具优势customize v. To make or alter to individual or personal specifications 定做：按照个人的规格制作或改制slant v. To present so as to conform to a particular bias or appeal to a certain audience:歪曲：为了与一个特殊的倾向性一致或满足某些听众而说或写miss out to fail to use or enjoy an opportunity 遗漏;；错过：We missed out on a chance to get a cheaper mortgage.refute v. To prove to be false or erroneous; overthrow by argument or proof 驳倒：证明是假的或错误的；通过论据或证据推翻take issue To take an opposing point of view; disagree 对持异议；不同意label v. To identify or designate with a label; describe or classify 把归类，描述：用标签分别或命名；描绘或归类：labeled them Yuppies把他们称为雅皮士verifiable adj. Possible to verify 可证实的，可核实的：a verifiable account of the incident; verifiable sales data 事故的可证实的叙述；可核实的销售数据static adj. Fixed; stationary 固定的；不动的Part Two cork n. The lightweight, elastic outer bark of the cork oak, used especially for bottle closures, insulation, floats, and crafts 软木：栓皮栎树的重量轻、有弹性的外皮，尤指用于瓶塞、绝缘、鱼漂和船艇的材料stack v. To arrange in a stack; pile 堆成堆；垛warehouse n. A place in which goods or merchandise are stored; a storehouse 仓库：商品或货物贮存之处；货栈vat n. A large vessel, such as a tub, cistern, or barrel, used to hold or store liquids 大桶；大盆；缸：一种大容器，如大盆、水箱或大桶，用来装或贮存液体grind v. To crush, pulverize, or reduce to powder by friction, especially by rubbing between two hard surfaces碾碎：压碎，挤碎或通过摩擦使其变成粉末，尤指在两个坚硬表面磨碎：grind wheat into flour 把小麦磨成面粉crumb n. A very small piece broken from a baked item, such as a cookie, cake, or bread 碎屑：一种从烘烤食物，如饼干、蛋糕或面包上破裂下来的小片escudo n. a basic unit of currency in Cape Verde and Portugal 埃斯库多：维德海角和葡萄牙的基本货币单位economy of scale the decrease in unit manufacturing cost that is due to mass production; the saving in cost of production that is due to mass production因经营规模扩大而得到的经济节约：指随着厂商扩大生产规模，产品的平均单位成本随着产生增加而下降的现象synthetic adj. Not natural or genuine; artificial or contrived 人造的：非天然的或非真的；人造的或不自然的the real thing 口上等货, 道 地货, 原装货buy up To purchase all that is available of 全部买进：买下提供的所有东西Part Three intervene v. To interfere, usually through force or threat of force, in the affairs of another nation 干涉：干涉他国事务，通常以武力或威胁手段liaison n. An instance or a means of communication between different groups or units of an organization, especially in the armed forces 联络：一个组织中的不同小组或单位之间相互联系的手段或方法，尤指在武装部队中temperament n. The distinguishing mental and physical characteristics of a human being according to medieval physiology, resulting from dominance of one of the four humors 气质：在中世纪生理学中由四种体液之一的主宰而形成的一个人的与众不同的精神和肉体的特征trait n. A distinguishing feature, as of a persons character 特征：显著的特点，如一个人的性格方面的simultaneous adj. Happening, existing, or done at the same time 同时的：同时发生的、存在的或做的Part Four take it for granted 视为当然scarcity n. Insufficiency of amount or supply; shortage 数量或供应不足；短缺inadequacy n. The quality or condition of being inadequate 不足，不完备：不足、不充分的性质或条件viable adj. Capable of success or continuing effectiveness; practicable 可行的：可望成功的或有持续效果的；切实可行的：a viable plan; a viable national economy可行的计划；可望成功的国家经济feasible adj. Capable of being accomplished or brought about; possible 可行的：能够完成的或能够实施的；可能的：a feasible plan可行的计划grasp v. To take hold of intellectually; comprehend 理解，领会：理智地掌握；理解grip v. To secure and maintain a tight hold on; seize firmly 握紧，抓牢：对保持紧握，抓牢grab v. To take or grasp suddenly 夺取或抓住：突然拿走或抓住grapple v. To seize firmly, as with the hands 紧紧地抓住，如用手come about To take place; happen出现；发生come up To manifest itself; arise 显现；出现come to To recover consciousness 恢复知觉come forward 自告奋勇,自愿Part Five budget n. The total sum of money allocated for a particular purpose or period of time 专款：为某一特定用途或某段时间拨发的钱财总数 a project with an annual budget of five million dollars 一个年拨款为五百美元的项目given Granted as a supposition; acknowledged or assumed 假设的：假定的；承认的或假设的：Given the condition of the engine, it is a wonder that it even starts. 倘若这发动机能发动的话，可真是不可思议。turnover n. The amount of business transacted during a given period of time 营业额，成交量：在给定的时期间成交的总额rigorous a. Characterized by or acting with rigor 严厉的，严格的：以严格为特点的，或严格行动的 a rigorous program to restore physical fitness 恢复身体健康的严格计划representation n. An account or a statement, as of facts, allegations, or arguments（事实、断言或评论）的说明，陈述：如对事实、断言或评论等的描述或陈述Part Six debate n. A discussion involving opposing points; an argument 辩论：关于相反观点的讨论；争辩miss out on sth. To lose a chance for错过机会：missed out on the promotion 错过提升的机会highly adv. (esp. before adjectives made from verbs) to a high degree or extent; very: highly pleased,/highly skilled/highly interesting/highly enjoyable 高地, 非常 in itself 在本质上,完全地Test 2 Part One credit n. Approval for an act, ability, or quality; praise 赞同，赞扬：对某一行为、能力或质量的赞同；赞扬 Why should he get all the credit? 为什么他受到了所有人的赞扬?diminish v. To detract from the authority, reputation, or prestige of 减损（权势、声誉）：使权势、声誉或地位降低dividend n. An unexpected gain, benefit, or advantage 意外之财，利益：意外的收获、利益或好处go a long way be successful 大有帮助：I have found that strict business methods go a long way in securing the interest of rich people.if you say that someone will go a long way, you mean that they will be successful. “Youll go a long way with ideas like that, my girl!”大有帮助;采取主动plus n. A favorable condition or factor 有利的情况或因素：The clear weather was a plus for the golf tournament. 晴朗的天气给高尔夫球锦标赛提供了良好的环境。sortout to deal successfully with a problem or a situation; put in order: We know that our boys have gotten into trouble with the law, but our family is working on sorting it out. Detectives are still sorting out who was involved in the crime.pay off To effect profit 带来利益：a bet that paid off poorly 没有多大利息的赌注trivial adj. Of little significance or value 琐碎的，不重要的：不重要的或没有什么价值的in private Not in public; secretly or confidentially 秘密地：非公开地；秘密地或在私下地tenacity n. The state or quality of being tenacious 固执：固执的状态或特性tenacious adj. Holding or tending to hold persistently to something, such as a point of view 顽强的：坚持或倾向于持久地坚持某事物的，如一个观点resilient adj. Marked by the ability to recover readily, as from misfortune 有复原力的：表示有随时恢复的能力特征的，如从灾难中恢复Capable of returning to an original shape or position, as after having been compressedresilience n. The ability to recover quickly from illness, change, or misfortune; buoyancy 适应力：迅速从疾病、变化或灾难中恢复过来的能力； 顺应力, 轻快, 达观, 愉快的心情analytic a. Logic Following necessarily; 【逻辑学】 必然遵守的；重言式的 an analytic truth 逻辑上必然的真理mingle v. To join or take part with others 交往，往来：与他人一起加入或参加indispensable a. Not to be dispensed with; essential 不可缺少的；绝对必要的credibility n. The quality, capability, or power to elicit belief可信性：使人信任的本质、能力或力量Part Two whiz kid n. A young person who is exceptionally intelligent, innovatively clever , or precociously successful 神童：格外聪明的、有创新力的或成功很早的年轻人broker v. To arrange or manage as a broker 作为中间人来安排、设法broker an agreement among opposing factions 促成反对派达成一项协议broker n. one that acts as an agent for others, as in negotiating contracts, purchases, or sales in return for a fee or commission 经纪人：他人的代理，如在谈判签约、购买或为收佣金而出售时的代理人fad n. A fashion that is taken up with great enthusiasm for a brief period of time; a craze 时尚：短暂的带有过分狂热的一种追求；狂热luxurious adj. Of a sumptuous, costly, or rich variety 特等的：豪华的、昂贵的或多种多样的lucrative adj. producing wealth; profitable 获利的：产生财富的；有利润的：a lucrative income; a lucrative marketing strategy 一笔利润收入；一套赢利的市场策略Part Three speculation n. Reasoning based on inconclusive evidence; conjecture or supposition 推测：根据不确定的证据的推理；推测或假定Engagement in risky business transactions on the chance of quick or considerable profit 投机：从事冒险性商业交易以期获得快速或大量的利润Part Four unattended adj. Not being attended to, looked after, or watched 未被注意的：未被注意或照料的，被忽视的：an unattended fire 没有注意的火灾shift 班次工作时间 The working period of such a group : 这样一班工人的工作时间：worked the night/late shift 值夜班truly adv. Indeed 实在：truly ugly 实在丑陋conscientious adj. Thorough and assiduous负责的：周全的和勤勉的：Part Five board game A game of strategy, such as chess or backgammon, played by moving pieces on a board and sometimes involving dice 棋盘游戏：需用棋盘进行的游戏，如国际象棋，西洋跳棋等，在棋盘上移动棋子，有时是掷骰子Part Six popularity n. The quality or state of being popular, especially the state of being widely admired, accepted, or sought after 普及，流行，通俗性：处于流行或普及状态，尤指广为喜爱、接受或追随的情况Test 3 Part One Bedouin An Arab of any of the nomadic tribes of the Arabian, Syrian, Nubian, or Sahara deserts 贝都因人：阿拉伯、叙利亚、努比亚或撒哈拉沙漠的游牧部落中的阿拉伯人regiment n. A military unit of ground troops consisting of at least two battalions, usually commanded by a colonel 团：由至少两个营组成的地面部队的军队单位，通常由一位中校指挥Arctic A region between the North Pole and the northern timberlines of North America and Eurasia北极地区：在北极与北美洲和欧亚大陆北部林木线之间区域guru n. a trusted counselor and adviser; a mentor 指导者：受信任的顾问参谋；指导者discipline n. A branch of knowledge or teaching 学科；科目：知识或教学的分支apparent adj. Appearing as such but not necessarily so; seeming 貌似的：看上去是如此但未必真实的；看似的：an apparent advantage 表面上的优势founding father founding father A man who founds or establishes something founding father 创始人：创建或建立某事的发起人；鼻祖contemporary adj. Current; modern 当前的；现代（派）的：contemporary trends in design 现代（派）设计倾向recognizable adj. Knowable or perceivable 可认知的：可知的或可觉察的argue for To put forth reasons for or against something 争辩：提出理由以表示（赞成）或反对某事：argued for dismissal of the case; argued against an immediate counterattack 主张驳回诉讼；据理力争反对立即反攻enrich v. To add to the beauty or character of; adorn 给增添美貌或个性；装饰：Glittering tears enriched her eyes. 闪烁的泪光使她的双眼更加美丽。stimulate v. To rouse to activity or heightened action, as by spurring or goading; excite激发：激发活动或更兴奋的活动，如通过刺激或激励；使兴奋spectacular adj. Of the nature of a spectacle; impressive or sensational 壮观的：场面自然的；给人留下深刻印象的或轰动的Part Two boom v. n. To grow or develop rapidly; flourish 快速发展：迅速成长或发展：暴涨：Business is booming 生意兴旺；A time of economic prosperity 繁荣：一段时间的经济繁荣spin-off n. Something, such as a product, that is derived from something larger and more or less unrelated; a byproduct 副产品 recession n. an extended decline in general business activity, typically three consecutive quarters of falling real gross national product 衰退：经济活动普遍而持续地衰败，尤指三个连续季度的社会总产品净值的下降cut back To reduce or decrease削减，缩减：cut back production 缩减生产flop v. To rest idly; lounge 懒惰地闲憩；懒洋洋地躺卧workout n. A session of exercise or practice to improve fitness, as for athletic competition 锻炼，训练：为提高健康状态而做的一段连续的练习或锻炼，如体育比赛combat v. To oppose in battle; fight against 跟战斗：在战斗中敌对；和作战clientele n. A body of customers or patrons 顾客，主顾：一位顾客或主顾：a restaurants clientele 餐厅的常客absenteeism n. The rate of occurrence of habitual absence from work or duty 旷工频率：习惯性缺勤或缺席的出现率industrial dispute 产业纠纷jet lag A temporary disruption of bodily rhythms caused by high-speed travel across several time zones typically in a jet aircraft 时差症：由于在喷气飞机上快速跨越几个时区而造成的短暂的身体节律的紊乱guild n. An association of persons of the same trade or pursuits, formed to protect mutual interests and maintain standards 协会，同业工会：从事同种行业或有着共同利益和目的的人，为保护共同的利益和维持各种准则而组成的协会Part Three cv (curriculum vitae) a summary of ones education, professional history, and job qualifications, as for a prospective employer 简历，履历：关于某人所受教育、专业经历以及工作资格的简要说明，如即将被雇用的雇员的履历bland adj. Dull and insipid 乏味的和平淡无奇的：a bland little drama 一个乏味的小剧pointer n. A piece of indicative information 一则指示性的信息sideway n. 迂回；旁门左道aspiration n. A strong desire for high achievement 建立丰功伟绩的强烈愿望；An object of such desire; an ambition 渴望达到的目标；雄心dear adv. At a high cost 高价地：sold their wares dear 高价出售他们的加工品turnover n. The number of workers hired by an establishment to replace those who have left in a given period of time 人员更替数，补缺人员数：企业或公司在给定时期内新雇用的代替已离去的工人的总数；The ratio of this number to the number of employed workers 新雇人员比率：补缺人员数与雇佣人员总数的比值ailing adj. in trouble 境况不佳的haulage n. The act or process of hauling 拖拽的行为或过程；road haulage undertaking 公路运输业Part Four exercise n. A task, problem, or other effort performed to develop or maintain fitness or increase skill: 练习，操练：为提高或保持身体健康或增强技巧而完成的任务、难题或其他努力：a piano exercise; a memory exercise 钢琴练习；记忆练习practice n. Repeated performance of an activity in order to learn or perfect a skill 苦练：为掌握或完善某种技能某活动的反复进行：Practice will make you a good musician 反复练习能使你成为优秀的音乐家prolong v. To lengthen in duration; protract 延长：增加持续时间；持久；通常表示时间的“延长”extend v. 可以表示时间和空间的“延长”，但是extend可以用于比喻意义上的“延长”，或范围的“扩展”。 all-important adj. Of the greatest importance; crucial 至关重要的；关键的adjustable adj. 可调整的convertible adj. That can be converted 可以被转变的：a convertible sofa bed 可变换的沙发床variable adj. Likely to change or vary; subject to variation; changeable 易变的：可能变化或改变的；服从变化的；可变的glossary n. A list of difficult or specialized words with their definitions, often placed at the back of a book 词汇表：难懂或专门性的词汇表，具有解释，常置于书后面部分supplement n. A separate section devoted to a special subject inserted into a periodical, such as a newspaper 增刊：插入一期刊，如一报纸中专用于刊登某一专题的独立部分Part Five end n. A result; an outcome 结果；后果circulate v. To cause to move about or be distributed:使分送，使散布：Please circulate these fliers. 请分送这些传单。Part Six invaluable a. Of inestimable value; priceless 非常宝贵的：具有无法估计的价值的；无价的：invaluable paintings; invaluable 千金难买的绘画作品；巨大的帮助around the clock 昼夜不停, 连续一整天Test 4 Part One sector n. A part or division, as of a city or a national economy 部门：一个部分或分支，如城市的或国民经济的：the manufacturing sector; the private sector 生产部门；私人部分outsource v. To farm out (work, for example) to an outside provider or manufacturer in order to cut costs 外界供应：为缩减开支而把（如工作）包给外界的供应者或生产者per annum By the year; annually 每年地；一年地：A subscription costs 12 dollars per annum 每年订12美元的杂志track record A record of actual performance or accomplishment 成绩记录：真正成就或业绩的记录：a job applicant with an excellent track record 一位有优秀成绩记录的求职者seniority n. Precedence of position, especially precedence over others of the same rank by reason of a longer span of service 资深：地位优先，尤其指由于服务时间较长而优先于其它同一等级的人relocate v. To move or be moved to a new place 移：移到或被移到一个新的置：relocated the business; plan to relocate in the suburbs 重新安置商业活动；计划迁移到郊区confidential a. Containing secret information, the unauthorized disclosure of which poses a threat to national security 机密的：包含机密信息的，未经授权泄露可能会危及到国家的安全的profile n. Degree of exposure to public notice; visibility 态度，姿态：对公众关心的事的暴露的程度；能见度：kept a low profile until the controversy had abated保持低姿态直到争议减少Part Two franchise n. authorization granted to someone to sell or distribute a companys goods or services in a certain area 特许经营权：特许给个人在特定的领土内销售商品或提供服务的权利 fragment v. To break or separate (something) into fragments 打碎或分割（某物）成碎块circulate v. To move in or flow through a circle or circuit 循环：进入或沿环路流动capitalize v. To supply with capital or investment funds 投资于，提供资金：为提供特定数量的资本capitalize a new business 为一个新的企业注入资金Part Three manipulate v. To operate or control by skilled use of the hands; handle 操作，处理：通过用手的技巧来操纵或控制；处理Part Four perpetual a. Continuing or lasting for an indefinitely long time长期的，长久的：继续或保持无限长的时间的combine v. To possess or exhibit in combination 兼有：兼有或兼备take to 开始, 喜欢, 沉溺于take off 拿掉, 取消, 脱衣, 起飞,take out To obtain as an equivalent in a different form 获得平衡：作为一种不同形式的对等物取得；credit limit A credit limit is the maximum amount of credit that a bank or other lender will extend to a debtor, or the maximum that a credit card company will allow a card holder to borrow on a single card. 信贷限额amenities n. 令人愉快之事物program n. An ordered list of events to take place or procedures to be followed; a schedule 程序表：即将发生或按程序紧接其后发生的事情的一个有序表；计划表scheme n. plan， blueprint， design， project， scheme， strategy 这些名词的中心意义为“与将要做或完成的某事相符的方法或规划”，这里表示方案。device n. A plan or scheme, especially a malign one 诡计：一个计划或方案，尤指恶意的（计划或方案）design n. 有条理的设计descend v. To move from a higher to a lower place; come or go down.下来：从较高的地方移到较低的地方；降下plunge v. To cast suddenly, violently, or deeply into a given state or situation 使突然陷入：突然地、猛烈地或深深地投进一种特定的状态或情形：Part Five Part Six mislay v. To put in a place that is afterward forgotten 放错地方：把放在后来记不起的地方：I have mislaid my hat. 我忘记把我的帽子放在什么地方了Test 5 Part One hard-hitting adj. Effective; forceful 有效的；强有力的socialise v. To take part in social activities 参加社会活动Part Two overhead n. The operating expenses of a business, including the costs of rent, utilities, interior decoration, and taxes, exclusive of labor and materials 管理费用，经常费用：企业的管理费用，包括租金、设备、内部装修及缴税等的花销，但不包括工资和购买原料的费用start-up A business or an undertaking that has recently begun operation 创业：从事的事业或任务：grew from a tiny start-up to a multimillion-dollar corporation 从一个小企业成发展成为有数百万美元资产的大公司specialise v. To concentrate on a particular activity or product 限定范围：从事专门活动或销售专业产品：The shop specializes in mountain-climbing gear. 专门销售登山用具的商店。cut n. A portion of profits or earnings; a share 份额，股份：收益或利润的一部分；股份exotic a. From another part of the world; fo