MFC框架下OpenGL程序的实现步骤.doc

MFC框架下OpenGL程序的实现步骤 2008-01-08 10:39 636人阅读 评论(0) 收藏 举报 本文主要介绍如何在MFC框架下编写OpenGL程序。现有的OpenGL参考书多是介绍基于AUX库，或是基于GLUT库的Win32 OpenGL程序。这类程序结构非常简单，主要目的是让读者熟悉OpenGL语言的用法及功能。然而不得不承认，编写可视化程序MFC框架有其独到的优势，本文就是针对这种需求，详细介绍MFC框架下OpenGL程序的实现步骤。编译器：Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2003（中文版）准备工作：下载OpenGL非标准额外GLUT库文件/download/download.htm（包括glut.h, glut32.lib, glut32.dll）。将glut.h放到目录VC2003.NET/Vc7/PlatformSDK/Include/gl下，glut32.lib放到目录VC2003.NET/Vc7/PlatformSDK/Lib下，再将glut32.dll放进WINDOWS/system32中，最后设置编译器的链接：【项目】【属性页】【链接器】【输入】【附加依赖项】-glut32.lib。具体实现步骤：1. 新建MFC多文档应用程序，项目名取为Render。2. 新建两个文件WSDView.h和WSDView.cpp，并将这两个文件放入项目文件夹内。具体代码见附录。两文件的功能：创建类CWSDView，它继承自CView，成员函数包括设置像素格式，创建渲染描述表，各类鼠标消息相应函数如鼠标左键拖动，右键拖动及滚轴转动等。3. 【文件】【添加现有项】，选取WSDView.h, WSDView.cpp文件。4. 在RenderView.h文件中添加代码 #include WSDView.h， 将class CRenderView : public CView修改为class CRenderView : public CWSDView在RenderView.cpp文件中修改IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CRenderView, CView)为IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CRenderView, CWSDView)；修改 BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CRenderView, CView)为BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CRenderView, CWSDView)5. 在CRenderView类中添加虚拟函数virtual void RenderScene(void)。实际上它是继承自父类CWSDView。6. 在CRenderView:OnDraw(CDC* /*pDC*/)内添加代码： / TODO: 在此处为本机数据添加绘制代码/双缓存应用static BOOL bBusy = FALSE; if(bBusy) return; bBusy = TRUE;/背景色glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,1.0f); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);/清缓存glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);/启动模型矩阵glLoadIdentity();/初始化模型矩阵 / 绘制动作glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, -8.0); /将场景移至可视区RenderScene();/绘制场景glFinish();/完成绘制SwapBuffers(wglGetCurrentDC();/双缓存应用：更新缓存bBusy = FALSE;7. 在CRenderView:RenderScene(void)内添加代码： glPushMatrix();/控制操作如下，与鼠标消息相应函数相关：glTranslatef(m_translateX, m_translateY, 0.0);glRotatef(rotate_x, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);glRotatef(rotate_y, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);glScalef(m_scale, m_scale, m_scale);/绘制实体 例如茶壶glPushMatrix();glColor3f(0.5, 0.5, 0.5);glutSolidTeapot(0.3);glPopMatrix(); glPopMatrix();Ok，至此基本框架已经搞定。按照上述步骤，编译运行显示结果：黑色背景下的灰色茶壶。用户使用鼠标达到与场景交互的目的，左键的拖动实现茶壶的旋转，右键拖动可使茶壶平移，滚轴转动则具有放大或缩小的功能。更复杂的OpenGL程序都可基于此框架完成，例如读取几何数据模型文件则可在CRenderDoc类中实现，模型显示代码主要在CRenderView类中的RenderScene()函数中添加，其他功能可根据作者需求适当修改添加，在此不再唠叨。 附录：WSDView.h: #if !defined(AFX_GLVIEW_H_3CA5EA8F_BFF7_43F2_B571_2385D95E5006_INCLUDED_)#define AFX_GLVIEW_H_3CA5EA8F_BFF7_43F2_B571_2385D95E5006_INCLUDED_#if _MSC_VER 1000#pragma once#endif #include gl/glut.h /添加glut库#pragma comment(lib, Opengl32.lib)#pragma comment(lib, glu32.lib)/#pragma comment(lib, glut32.lib)class CWSDView : public CViewprotected: / 仅从序列化创建CWSDView();DECLARE_DYNCREATE(CWSDView)/ 属性public:/ 操作public:/ 重写public:virtual void OnDraw(CDC* pDC); / 重写以绘制该视图virtual BOOL PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs);/ 实现public:virtual CWSDView();#ifdef _DEBUGvirtual void AssertValid() const;virtual void Dump(CDumpContext& dc) const;#endifprotected:/ 生成的消息映射函数protected:DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()public:afx_msg int OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct);afx_msg void OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy);afx_msg void OnDestroy();/像素格式定义函数bool pixelFormat(void);/ 显示设备环境类变量CClientDC* my_pDC;/ 测试像素格式的函数void testPixelFormat(void);CRect my_oldRect;afx_msg void OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);/ 绕X轴旋转角度double rotate_x;double rotate_y;/ 记录光标位置CPoint m_oldPoint;afx_msg void OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);afx_msg void OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);afx_msg BOOL OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC);/避免屏幕闪烁virtual void RenderScene(void);afx_msg void OnRButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);afx_msg void OnRButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);afx_msg BOOL OnMouseWheel(UINT nFlags, short zDelta, CPoint pt);/ 沿X方向平移double m_translateX;double m_translateY;/ 缩放系数double m_scale;#endif / !defined(AFX_GLVIEW_H_3CA5EA8F_BFF7_43F2_B571_2385D95E5006_INCLUDED_)WSDView.cpp:/ WSDView.cpp : CWSDView 类的实现/#include stdafx.h#include WSDView.h#include math.h#include ./wsdview.h#ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE = _FILE_;#endif/ CWSDView#define PI 3.1415927IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CWSDView, CView)BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CWSDView, CView)/ 标准打印命令ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT, CView:OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_DIRECT, CView:OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_PREVIEW, CView:OnFilePrintPreview)ON_WM_CREATE()ON_WM_SIZE()ON_WM_DESTROY()ON_WM_LBUTTONDOWN()ON_WM_LBUTTONUP()ON_WM_MOUSEMOVE()ON_WM_ERASEBKGND()ON_WM_RBUTTONDOWN()ON_WM_RBUTTONUP()ON_WM_MOUSEWHEEL()END_MESSAGE_MAP()/ CWSDView 构造/析构CWSDView:CWSDView(): my_pDC(NULL), rotate_x(0), rotate_y(0), m_oldPoint(0), m_translateX(0), m_translateY(0), m_scale(1.0)/ TODO: 在此处添加构造代码CWSDView:CWSDView()BOOL CWSDView:PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)/ TODO: 在此处通过修改 CREATESTRUCT cs 来修改窗口类或/ 样式cs.style=WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_CLIPCHILDREN|WS_CLIPSIBLINGS;return CView:PreCreateWindow(cs);/ CWSDView 诊断#ifdef _DEBUGvoid CWSDView:AssertValid() constCView:AssertValid();void CWSDView:Dump(CDumpContext& dc) constCView:Dump(dc);#endif /_DEBUG/ CWSDView 消息处理程序int CWSDView:OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)if (CView:OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) = -1)return -1;/ TODO: 在此添加您专用的创建代码testPixelFormat();/调用该函数，完成渲染描述表的调用return 0;void CWSDView:OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)CView:OnSize(nType, cx, cy);/ TODO: 在此处添加消息处理程序代码if(cy 0) my_oldRect.right = cx; my_oldRect.bottom = cy; glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity();/视场调节：glFrustum(-1.0, 1.0, -1.0*cy/cx, 1.0*cy/cx, 5.0, 25.0);glViewport(0, 0, cx, cy); RedrawWindow();void CWSDView:OnDestroy()CView:OnDestroy();/ TODO: 在此处添加消息处理程序代码/删除渲染描述表及绑定的设备描述表HGLRChrc;hrc = :wglGetCurrentContext(); :wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL); if (hrc) :wglDeleteContext(hrc); if (my_pDC) delete my_pDC;/像素格式定义函数bool CWSDView:pixelFormat(void)/像素属性的设置static PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd = sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), 1, PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL|/ support OpenGL PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER, / double buffered PFD_TYPE_RGBA, 24, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 32, 0, 0, PFD_MAIN_PLANE, 0, 0, 0, 0 ; int pixelformat; if ( (pixelformat = ChoosePixelFormat(my_pDC-GetSafeHdc(), &pfd) = 0 ) MessageBox(ChoosePixelFormat failed); return FALSE; if (SetPixelFormat(my_pDC-GetSafeHdc(), pixelformat, &pfd) = FALSE) MessageBox(SetPixelFormat failed); return FALSE; return TRUE;/ 测试像素格式的函数void CWSDView:testPixelFormat(void)PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd; int n;HGLRChrc; my_pDC = new CClientDC(this); ASSERT(my_pDC != NULL); if (!pixelFormat() return; n =:GetPixelFormat(my_pDC-GetSafeHdc(); :DescribePixelFormat(my_pDC-GetSafeHdc(), n, sizeof(pfd), &pfd); hrc = wglCreateContext(my_pDC-GetSafeHdc(); wglMakeCurrent(my_pDC-GetSafeHdc(), hrc);GetClientRect(&my_oldRect); glClearDepth(1.0f); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);glLoadIdentity();/ CWSDView 绘制/避免屏幕闪烁BOOL CWSDView:OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC)/ TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值return true;void CWSDView:RenderScene(void)/控制操作如下：/*glTranslatef(m_translateX, m_translateY, 0.0);glRotatef(rotate_x, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);glRotatef(rotate_y, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);glScalef(m_scale, m_scale, m_scale);/光照GLfloatlAmb4;GLfloatlDif4;GLfloatlSpe4;GLfloatlPos4;lAmb0=0.0f;lAmb1=0.0f;lAmb2=0.0f;lAmb3=0.0f;lDif0=1.0f;lDif1=0.0f;lDif2=0.0f;lDif3=0.0f;lSpe0=0.5f;lSpe1=0.0f;lSpe2=0.0f;lSpe3=0.0f;lPos0=1.0f;lPos1=0.0f;lPos2=0.0f;lPos3=0.0f;glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1,GL_AMBIENT,lAmb);glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1,GL_DIFFUSE,lDif);glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1,GL_SPECULAR,lSpe);glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1,GL_POSITION,lPos);glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);glEnable(GL_LIGHT1);/绘制实体glPushMatrix();glColor3f(0.5, 0.5, 0.5);glutSolidTeapot(0.3);glPopMatrix();*/void CWSDView:OnDraw(CDC* /*pDC*/)/*/ TODO: 在此处为本机数据添加绘制代码/双缓存应用static BOOL bBusy = FALSE; if(bBusy) return; bBusy = TRUE;/背景色glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,1.0f); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);/清缓存glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);/启动模型矩阵glLoadIdentity();/初始化模型矩阵 / 绘制动作glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, -8.0);RenderScene();/绘制场景glFinish();/完成绘制SwapBuffers(wglGetCurrentDC();/双缓存应用：更新缓存bBusy = FALSE;*/void CWSDView:OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)/ TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值m_oldPoint = point; Invalidate(true);CView:OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);void CWSDView:OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)/ TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值Invalidate(true);CView:OnLButtonUp(nFlags,