全国高效测评卷22.doc

高效测评卷(二十二)短文填句Test 1(2012新课标卷)Kids health：Four steps for fighting stressEverybody gets stressed from time to time. 71 Some ways of dealing with stresslike screaming or hitting someonedont solve (解决) much.But other ways，like talking to someone you trust，can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed：(1)Get support.When you need help，reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems，such as dealing with a test，or the death of a beloved pet.(2)Dont take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh，dear，thats not a good idea.Remember that there are always people to help you.Dont take it out on yourself. 73 (3)Try to solve the problem.After youre calm and you have support from adults and friends，its time to get down to business. 74 Even if you cant solve it all，you can solve a piece of it.(4)Be positive.Most stress is temporary (暂时的)Remember stress does go away，especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.These steps arent magic，but they do work.And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，youll help yourself feel better even faster. 75 AAsk for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.BNotice your friends feelings and find a way to help them.CDifferent people feel stress in different ways.DAh，it feels so good when the stress is gone.EYou need to figure out what the problem is.FAnd dont forget about your friends.GThen，find a way to calm down.Test 2(2012辽宁卷)How to Make FriendsFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends.Good friendship has many benefits.It offers companionship，improves selfworth and promotes good health.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town，or changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leave us without a friend. 71 But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.1Associate with others.The first step to making friends is associating with other people.You can go to public places to meet new people.Besides，you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.2Start a conversation.Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. 72 You can always start the conversation.Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.3 73 Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together.Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.4Let it grow.It is a good thing to stay in touch.However，try not to press your new friend with calls，messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 74 The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.5Enjoy your friendship.The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 75 Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.ABe cheerful.BDo things together.CDo not wait to be spoken to.DTry not to find fault with your friends.EMaking new friends comes easy for some people.FFor a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.GSo you will need to give your friend time to react to you.Test 3(2012郑州市第一次质量预测)Long ago，people believed that in the future we would work less，have more free time and get more relaxed. 71 Today we work harder，work longer hours and have more stresses than ten years ago.We walk faster，talk faster and sleep less than previous generations.And although we use machines that save us time，we have less free time than our parents and grandparents. 72 An American journalist James Gleick in a new book，says that people are suffering from “hurry sickness”were trying to do more things in less time.As a result，our lives are stressful.He says that if we dont slow down，we wont live as long as our parents. 73 Newspaper articles today are shorter and the headlines are bigger.Most people dont have enough time to read the articles，so they only read the headlines.On TV and the radio，newsreaders speak more quickly than ten years ago.In the USA，there is a book called OneMinute Bedtime Stories for children.These are shorter versions (版本) of traditional stories，specially written for “busy parents” who want to save time！Some answer phones now have “quick playback” buttons so that we can replay peoples messages fasterwe cant waste time listening to people speaking at the normal speed！ 74 Ten years ago when people went to art galleries they spent seconds looking at each picture.Today they spend just three seconds！Nowadays，many people prefer faster and dynamic sports like basketball. 75 Our cars are faster but the traffic is worse，so we drive more slowly.We spend more time sitting in our cars，feeling stressed.Experts predict that in ten years the average speed on the road in cities will be only 17 km/h.APeople didnt feel stressed ten years ago.BBut unluckily，this has not happened yet.CEven when we relax we do everything more quickly.DBut what is this doing to our health?EFor most people，faster doesnt mean better.FThe only thing that is slower than before is the way we drive.GNow everything is faster than before，which brings us more convenience.Test 4(2012河北高考模拟)Maybe you have heard the expressionWhen in Rome，do as the Romans do.So when you want to do business in France，you have to get to know French culture，to make marketing plans，and to run your business by local laws. 71 The French take great pride in their language，so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partnesrs.Also，another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show everpossible French business partner that you care and respect their countrys culture and langnage.The first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his hand firmly and always look the person in the eye.In social meetings with friends，kissing is common. 72 The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first，followed by their first name.Dress well. 73 Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status.Always try to be tasteful and stylish.Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly.Wearing makeup is practised widely by businesswomen.The French are passionate about food，so lunches are common in doing business in France，which usually consist of an appetizer，a main meal with wine，cheese，dessert and coffee，and normally take up to two hours. 74 Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetit”Pass dishes to the left，keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate. 75 This may suggest that you find the food tasteless.If eating in a restaurant，the person who invites always pays.AThe French draw information about people based on their appearance.BThis is a time for relationship building.CRemember to be as polite as possible.DLanguage should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France.EBe careful with adding salt，pepper or sauces to your food.FUse Monsieur or Madame before the surname.GMake an appointment with your business partner in advance.Test 5(2012河南三市第二次调研)There were times when it was only schoolchildren who felt sick before they got their grades. 71 Many teachers are opposed to it.They dont mind being evaluated.But they are upset because the results are then being posted on the Internet and accessible to millions of Internet users. 72 The teachers are graded by categories (类别) such as “motivated ”“good instruction ”“easy examinations” or even “sexy” 73 The creators of the website say that the students are only being offered the chance to provide teachers with some feedback (反馈的意见) about their classroom instruction.Bernd Dicks founded the website with three friends. 74 On a grading scale of one to six，the teachers average grade is as high as 2.7 and it has been improving lately.He says the impression is that students are bullying (欺负) their teachers.“Teachers must also learn to live with criticism，” he added.But still，the website is not totally prevented from being manipulated (操纵)，as one teacher near the northern city of Hanover recently proved. 75 Within a few days，seven of his colleagues were listed in the top 10 rankings of Germanys best teachers.AOn the website www.spickmich.de during the past four months students have posted evaluations of 100,000 teachers.BHe registered himself on the website as a student and then rated his own teaching colleagues highly.CHe tried to make friends with students as many as possible.DBut now teachers in Germany are scared，too，as they are being graded by their students.EHe says that the students are largely quite satisfied with their teachers.FHe says a majority of the students expressed their dissatisfaction with their teachers.GMany teachers think that their privacy has been disturbed.Test 6(2012河南洛阳统一考试)There are no short cuts to getting fit，and in fact it will take working up a sweat at least three times per week for you to feel healthier，and possibly a decrease in your weight and waistline. 71 However，if you could make this for 45 minutes four times per week youll be flying towards a new you.Remember： 72 All of these actions ruin your body and stand in the way of your fitness goals.Exercise should involve an aerobic (需氧的) workout，weight training and stretching to avoid injuries and increase flexibility. 73 Joining a health club，leisure centre or gym will allow you to become a part of a supportive community and explore options and classes.An exercise or fitness video is a great way to try new activities in the privacy of your own home.Youll be more likely to continue exercising if you like the activity.Take into account your personality and the reason why you are exercising when selecting your activities.For examples： 74 If you are serious about relaxing，check out yoga classes.If you are competitive，think about running or swimming.Aim for at least eight hours of sleep per night to help your body recover from all of this new activity. 75 But as you discover your favourite activities，youll feel nothing but faster and smarter!AIts easy to become fit.BStop smoking，drinking or using drugs immediately.CIf you are outgoing and looking for new friends，consider a team sport.DIt will take you a while to get through them all since therere various centers.EThese may sound like just a few more chores to add to your already packed schedule.FKeeping an exercise journal will give you motivation and help you track your progress.GAccepted advice is that everyone should exercise for at least 30 minutes three times per week.Test 7(2012长春第二次调研) 71 “Buff” is a light yellow color.“Buff” is also a soft cloth used to rub a surface until it looks bright and shiny.Yet these meanings are old and their history is not known.The meaning of “buff” that we do know about is one that describes a person. 72 For example，someone who loves jazz music is a jazz buff.Someone who is deeply interested in the American Civil War is a Civil War buff.This meaning of the word is known to Americans.Its use started almost 200 years ago in New York City.At that time New York was a growing city.There were no huge tall buildings of steel and stone.Buildings then were made of wood and brick.Many were old and fires often broke ont in them. 73 So when the fire alarm bell rang，men near the sound of the fire bell dropped what they were doing and rushed out to fight the fire.Later，fire companies were organized with men who were trained to fight fires.But they were not paid to do this. 74 In cold weather，many of these volunteer firefighters wore coats made of the skin of buffalo to keep them warm and dry.Often when the fire bell rang，other men in the city rushed to help put out the fire.They also wore coats of buffalo skin. 75 AAmerican buffalo once wandered the open plains.BThere were no wellorganized fire departments.CThe word “buff” has several meanings.DSometimes fire buffs wanted to help but really got in the way.EA buff is someone who has a strong special interest in something or some activity.FIn time，anyone rushing to fight a fire became known as a fire buff because of the buffalo skin coat he wore.GThey earned their money at other jobs but dropped what they were doing when the fire bell rang.Test 8(2012沈阳、大连模拟)Going to college is a new experience full of excitement of the unknown.Socialization is a big thing for college students and it is common to feel a little uncomfortable going into a situation where everyone is a stranger.You may probably miss your friends from high school. 71 College is a great opportunity to make new lifelong friends.The question is：how?Get to know your roommate.You may find you have lots of things in common with your roommate，but even if you are completely different from each other，with a little effort and understanding the two of you may become best friends. 72 If you leave your door open，this shows that you welcome visitors.As a result people will naturally stop in and say hello.Closed doors are not likely to bring many visitors and those who stay locked up in their rooms may give others the impression of being cold.Other students will be less likely to stop in and build a new friendship.Join clubs or organizations.Getting involved in organized socialization is a great way to meet new people. 73 By staying active in college groups such as clubs and organizations you can meet lots of people with whom you share common interests.Talk to classmates. 74 Starting conversations in class is a great opportunity to meet people who are interested in the same kind of studies as you are.Short friendly discussions can build lifelong friendships.Try out for a sport.If youre athletic，trying out for a sport will do for you the same thing that joining a club will do. 75 AClose the door to keep away from theft.BHang a welcome sign on your dorm room.CIt also helps you get more familiar with the campus.DYour roommate is the first person you will have close contact with.EYou will instantly meet a large group of people who share your interests in sports.FGet to know your classmates as youll be spending several months with them.GTrying actively to find new friends can help ease the feelings of being lonely.Test 9(2012河北省质量检测)Insect bites and stingsThe information is for people who would like information on how to prevent and treat insect bites and stings.In the UK，insect bites and stings are usually no more than a nuisance，causing a few red，itchy spots or lumps. 71 Symptoms of bites and stingsBites from insects that feed on your blood，for example mosquitoes，often result in itchy spots or lumps. 72 Sometimes bites and stings can lead to complications such as skin infections or an allergic reaction.Rarely，a bite or sting can cause a dangerous allergic reaction，called anaphylaxis (过敏性反应)If you notice youre getting bitten around your ankles or feet at home，it may be the result of cat or dog fleas. 73 Urgent medical attention is needed for anyone who：shows signs of having a severe allergic reactionhas been stung by several insects at the same timehas been stung in the mouth or throat，where the swelling can interfere with breathingMedicines 74 A cream or ointment containing hydrocortisone (氢化可的松) can help reduce swelling and inflammation.You can buy lowdose hydrocortisone cream over the counter but dont use it on children under 10，or on your face or on broken or infected skin.Overthecounter painkillers such as paracetamol (醋氨酚) can relieve some of the discomfort.Always ask your doctor for advice and read the patient information that comes with your medicine.Prevention of bites and stingsYou can reduce your risk of insect bites and stings by：Wearing insect repellent 75 Wearing long sleeves and trousers if out in the eveningKeeping picnic foods covered up as much as possiblesweet foods and drinks attract insects.ATreatment for bites and stingsBDont apply any medicine to the infected area.CYou may wish to use a local anaesthetic (麻醉剂) spray to reduce pain.DThese dont usually need any treatment and clear up within a day or so.ESleeping under a suitable net if mosquitoes are a problem at nightFIn the UK，the threat to health from animal bites and stings is relatively low.GHowever，in some people they can cause severe reactions，so its important to know what to do if this happens.Test 10(2012东北三校一模)“Three Apples” changed the world.The first one seduced (引诱) Eve.The second one awakened Newton. 71 Here are some famous words from Steve Jobs to share.On characterIm the only person I know thats lost a quarter of a billion dollars in one year. 72 On good designThats been one of my mottosfocus and simplicity.Simple can be harder than complex.You have to work hard to get your thinking clean to make it simple.But its worth it in the end because once you get there，you can move mountains.On his outlook 73 Going to bed at night saying weve done something wonderful，thats what matters to me.On your working lifeYour work is going to fill a large part of your life，and th