Jane_Austen1.ppt

JaneAusten 作者 WSL LectureOutline 1 IntroductiontoJaneAusten2 Appreciation PrideandPrejudice3 WritingTechniques4 socialcustomsinJaneAusten stime5 CriticismonWilliamWordsworth JaneAusten PrideandPrejudice JaneAusten sLife educateathomereadalotuneventfulrestricted writingatanearlyage sixnovels nevermarried diedin1817 42yearsold JaneAusten sNovels 1 NorthangerAbbey 诺桑觉寺 2 SenseandSensibility 理智与情感 3 PrideandPrejudice 傲慢与偏见 JaneAusten sNovels 4 MansfieldPark 曼斯菲尔德花园 5 Emma 爱玛 6 Persuasion 劝告 Austen sHouseChawton InthishouseusedtolivedJaneandhersisterCassandra apleasantseventeenthcenturyhouseintheprettyvillageofChawtoninHampshirenotfarfromherbirthplaceofSteventon JaneAusten sMuseum InthishouseshewroteandrevisedherfamousnovelsIn1949thehousewasopenedasthemuseumThemuseumcontainshermemorabilia mem r bili n 值得纪念的事物 大事记 andartefacts人工制品 ThisisaphotographofacoatwornbyJaneAusten Itgivesanideaofthetypeofclotheswornbyyoungladiesofthetime SimplicityoftheEmpirelinedress FluffyHollywood SocialCustoms DancesfigureprominentlyinJaneAusten snovels Whetherperformedinpublicassemblyroomsorinprivate dancesofferedsocialopportunitiesforyoungpeopletomixandmingleandconverseinanacceptablefashio awebsiteyoucanlearnmoreaboutJaneAusten http www janeausten org quotes from pride and prejudice asp JaneAustenQuotes Alady simaginationisveryrapid itjumpsfromadmirationtolove fromlovetomatrimonyinamoment AlargeincomeisthebestrecipeforhappinessIeverheardof Anengagedwomanisalwaysmoreagreeablethanadisengaged Sheissatisfiedwithherself Hercaresareover andshefeelsthatshemayexertallherpowersofpleasingwithoutsuspicion Allissafewithaladyengaged noharmcanbedone SenseandSensibility Publishedin1797ThefirstofJaneAusten snovelstobepublishedAlovestory TheMansfieldPark Publishedin1814SolemnandmoralisticnovelAclassicstoryofadultery 通奸 时代背景1 RegencyPeriod摄政时期 Middleclassgainedsocialstatus knownaslandedgentry 地主阶级 Newlyacquiredwealthandpossessions ProfitsfromIndustrialRevolutionandexpandingcolonialsystemStrivedtoalignthemselveswithEngland slandedaristocracy 贵族 Purchasedestatesandcountryhomestorivalaristocraticmansions 乔治三世 摄政时期 摄政 国君年幼 不能亲政 由亲族或戚族代行职务之谓 英国的摄政时期是指1811年至1820年间 乔治三世被认为不适于统治 insanity精神错乱 而他的儿子 之后的乔治四世被任命为他的代理人作为摄政王的时期 广义的摄政时期指1795年至1837年 这一时期的政治和文化都表现出与众不同的特质 这一时代可被看作乔治王时代到维多利亚时代的过渡期 BackgroundofAusten sNovels PrivilegedcircleofEngland slandedgentryandaristocracyUpperclasswasoldhereditary 世袭的 aristocracyandthenewlandedgentrywhocameintomoneythroughcommercialenterpriseandascendedfromthemiddleclassUpperclassdidnotworkandfrequentlyemployedfarmerstoworktheirlandUpperclasscontrolledEngland spolitics Austen sPositioninLiterature JaneAustenwasoneofthegreatestwomenwritersofthe19thcentury shewasarealisticnovelistandrankedamongthebestnovelist FirstImpressions OriginaltitleofP PPrematurepreconceptionscomplicatetherelationshipsbetweencharactersBothcharactersmustsetasidetheirprideandprejudiceandformanopinionbasedonrespectandcordialfriendshipErrorinjudgmentwithWickhamwhocreatesabadimageofDarcyMustlookbeneaththesurfaceofaperson scharacter AnanalysisofthePrideandPrejudice TheThemeofPrideandPrejudiceThefirstthemeisprideandprejudice Anotherthemeisloveandmarriage loveandmarriage Womenlargelydidnotinheritwealth norweretheyopenlyallowedtofindtheirownmeans somarriagewasoneofthefewoptionsshehadtosecureacomfortablefuture AmarriagebasedonlovewasrarelyanoptionforaRegencywoman incomewasthefirstconsideration HowdoesAustendescribetheideasofmarriageinPrideandPrejudice Threeoftypesofmarriage 1 thosewhomarryformoney positionandproperty 2 thosewhomarryjustforpassion 3 thosewhomarryforlovebasedonconsiderationoftheperson spersonalmeritaswellashiseconomicalandsocialstatus Mr Darcy Darcyisrepresentativeofhereditary hi redit ri 世袭的 aristocracyWealthylandownerwhodoesnothavetoworkforalivingEmploysworkerstofarmhisland surroundingfamiliesdependonhispatronage p tr nidj n 赞助 Mr Darcy RichEducatedHaughty adj 傲慢的 arrogantconceited自负的overbearing专横的 飞扬跋扈的alert observantconsiderate TheBingleys BingleysrepresentthenewlandedgentryBingley sfatheracquiredwealththroughtrade gaveuphisbusiness andmovedhisfamilytothecountryHeandhissistersarenowconsideredupperclass TheMajorCharactersintheChapterIandII TheBennets Bennetsownland buttheyareamiddle classfamilyLongbournHouseinHertfordshire 2 000peryearMustworktocultivatelandFewservantsandlimitedfinancialresources Lydia Lizzie Jane Mary Kitty FiveDaughters 1 Janehandsome2 Lizzintelligent3 Marydeepreflection4 Kittycough5 Lydiagood humored Jane hasareservedpersonalitytendstohideherfeelings themostbeautiful MissElizabeth LivelyWithquickwitYoungBeautifulProudIntelligentLoyal Mr Bennet intelligent Lizzsympathetichisdrywit 冷嘲 andself possession冷静inthefaceofhiswife shysteria歇斯底里makehimsympatheticdetached adj 超然的 Lydiaweakfather DarcypaidforLydia swedding easytobenervousphilistine adj 市侩的 shallow anempty headed naivewomanwhoiseagertotalkwithslightencouragement MrsBennet Thefirstparagraph mostfamousironicalstatementsthisisonlyatruthacknowledgedbyafewfamiliesintheneighbourhoodofLongbourn hasasubtleandunstatedmeaning Initsdeclarationthatawealthybachelormustbelookingforawife ithidesjustbeneathitssurfacetherealtruth Asinglewoman especiallytheonenotinpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawealthyhusband 92Q1 1 theauthorusesironyinthefirstparagraph Whatsheactuallywantstosayisthat Asingle poorwomanisindesperateofahusband 2 Itisimpliedthatthemainsubjectofthenovelwillbecourtshipandmarriage 3 Theauthorhasestablishedthehumoroustoneofthenovel 4 Ittellsusthenovelisaboutthesocialenvironmentofthe18centuryperiod 5 Inparagraph2 theauthoralsousesmildsatiretosatirizethevanityofthegirlswhoarelongingtomarryarichguy 92Q3 1 theauthor scommentanddescription2 thischaracter sownactionandspeech3 thecommentonthispersonbyothercharactersinthenovel4 relationshipandcontrastbetweenthischaracterandothercharactersinthenovel5 characterdevelopment throughoutthenovel WritingTechniques写作手法 1 ironya verbalironyb dramaticironyc situationalirony2 Satire Irony AsinmanyofAusten sothernovels ironyisemployedinPrideandPrejudiceasthelensthroughwhichsocietyandhumannatureareviewed Throughthenovel Austenstudiessocialrelationshipsinthelimitedsocietyofacountryneighbourhoodandinvestigatesthemindetailwithanoftenironicandhumorouseye NoteherpresentationofMr andMrs Bennet forexample Theircontrasting verydifferent temperamentsarefirstshownthroughtheirmannerofconversation Mrs BennetchattersonwhileMr Bennetcountershertalkwithmildlysarcasticstatements themockingtoneofwhichMrs Bennetcompletelymisses 1 Verbalirony isadisparityofexpressionandintention whenaspeakersaysonethingbutmeansanother orwhenaliteralmeaningiscontrarytoitsintendedeffect Anexampleofthisiswhensomeonesays Oh that sbeautiful whenwhattheymean probablyconveyedbytheirtone istheyfind that quiteugly 1 VerbalIronyexample ashardasputty 油灰 asfunnyascancerasclearasmudaspleasantasrootcanaltreatmentassharpasamarble 2 Dramaticirony isadisparityofawarenessbetweenactorandobserver whenwordsandactionspossessasignificancethatthelisteneroraudienceunderstands butthespeakerorcharacterdoesnot forexamplewhenacharactersaystoanother I llseeyoutomorrow whentheaudience butnotthecharacter knowsthatthecharacterwilldiebeforemorning 2 DramaticIronyExample InRomeoandJuliet theothercharactersinthecastthinkJulietisdead buttheaudienceknowssheonlytookasleepingpotion 3 Situationalirony isthedisparityofintentionandresult whentheresultofanactioniscontrarytothedesiredorexpectedeffect Being shotwithone sowngun or hoistwithone sownpetard arepopularformulationsofthebasicideaofsituationalirony 3 SituationalIronyexample Forexample ifthepresidentofMicrosoft BillGates weretowinacontestwhosegrandprizewasacomputersystem theironywouldbesituationalbecausesuchacircumstancewouldappearridiculousor funny foranumberofreasons BillGatesdoesn tneedacomputer herunstheworld slargestsoftwarecompany andhe sfilthyrich sowinningacomputerseemssillyand ironic differences Verbalironyisdistinguishedfromsituationalironyanddramaticironyinthatitisproducedintentionallybyspeakers situationalironyiswhenironyispresentinone sactionsandappearance verbalironyinvolvesfigureo