2016年职称英语考试理工A级真题及答案.doc

手机、网页、电脑三位一体学习模式2016年职称英语考试理工A级真题及答案职称英语考试技巧：1.打破思维局限复习。职称英语等级考试分为综合类、理工类、卫生类三个专业类别，除所报考的本类教材外，考生还可翻看其他两类的教材，其中一些热门或新增文章的题目涉及的知识可能对你有所帮助。2.阅读理解和完型填空的原文译文要重点学习，熟记。3.带着熟词典进考场。职称英语考试单词记忆法考试可以携带词典入场是职称英语考试的一个特色。但由于许多考生对词典的情况不熟悉，虽然带进了考场，但多数派不上用场，建议要有针对性地选择词典，最好带着你常用的词典。职称英语考试练习题库，点击天宇考王免费下载试用第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1. She exhibited great powers of endurance during the climb.A. playB. sendC. showD. tell2. The eternal motion of the stars fascinated him.A. longB. never-endingC. boringD. extensive3. She could not answer, it was an immense load off her heart.A. naturalB. fatalC. tinyD. enormous4. The book made a great impact on its readers.A. forceB. influenceC. surpriseD. power5. Accompanied by cheerful music, we began to dance.A. pleasantB. colorfulC. fashionableD. different6. He was not eligible for the examination because he was over age.A. competitiveB. diligentC. qualifiedD. competent7. Her novel depicts an ambitious Chinese.A. writesB. sketchesC. describesD. indicates8. Dont irritate her. shes on a short fuse today.A. teaseB. attractC. annoyD. protect9. It is absurd to go out in such terrible weather.A. ridiculousB. funnyC. oddD. interesting10. I notified him that my address had changed.A. informedB. observedC. mockedD. misled11. The manager allocate duties to the clerks.A. assignB. persuadeC. askD. order12. The once barren hillsides are now good farmland.A. hairlessB. bareC. emptyD. bald13.It is postulated that a cure for the disease will have been found by the year 2000.A. challengedB. assumedC. deductedD. decreed14. We must abide by the rules.A. stick toB. persist inC. safeguardD. apply15. From my standpoint, you know, this thing is just funny.A. positionB. point of viewC. knowledgeD. opinion第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。Where Has the Salt Come from?Every now and then, we meet a fact about our earth that makes us feel strange and no answer for the fact has yet been found. Such a fact is the existence of salt in the oceans. How did it get there?We simply do not know how the salt got into the ocean! We do know, of course, that salt is water-soluble, and so passes into the oceans with rainwater. The salt of the earths surface is constantly being dissolved (溶解) and is passing into the ocean.But we do not know whether this can explain the huge quantity of salt in oceans, if all the oceans were dried up, enough salt would be left to build a wall 180 miles high and a mile thick. Such a wall would reach once around the world at the Equator (赤道)!The common salt that we all use is produced from seawater or the water of salt lakes, from salt springs (源泉) and from deposits of rock salt. The concentration (浓度) of salt in seawater ranges from about three per cent to three-and-one-half percent. The Dead Sea, which covers an area of about 340 square miles, contains about 11,600,000,000 tons of salt!On the average, a gallon (加仑) of seawater contains about a quarter of a pound of salt. The beds of rock salt that are found in various parts of the world were all originally formed by the evaporation (蒸发) of seawater millions of years ago. It is believed that the thick rock-salt deposits were formed after about nine-tenth of the volume of seawater had been evaporated.Most commercial salt is obtained from rock salt. The usual method is to drill wells (井) down to the salt beds. Pure water is pumped down (抽进去) through a pipe. The water dissolves the salt and it is forced through another pipe up to the surface.16 We have not fully understood how salt got into the ocean.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned17 The author is sure that the dissolved salt from the earths surface is the only source of the huge quantity of salt found in oceans.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned18 If all the oceans were dried up, the salt thus obtained would be extremely great in size.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned19 The percentage of salt content in the Red Sea is higher than that in the Dead Sea.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned20 Beds of rock salt are found in every part of the world.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned21 After evaporation, about ten percent of seawater becomes rock salt.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned22 Most commercial salt is obtained from seawater.ARight BWrong CNot mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Early Ideas about the Universe1Early man got his ideas about the universe by looking at the stars as you do. He observed carefully, and learned many things about the sun, the moon, and the stars.2Suppose you were asked to collect evidence about the sun as early man did. You might go out morning after morning and see it come up in the east. Even on cloudy mornings, you would observe that the darkness goes away and the world becomes light. You might not see the sun but would be sure it is there, because you notice that the earth warms up. As you continued, the sun climbs higher in the sky each day during part of the year. It stays in the sky longer. The earth gets warmer. Things begin to grow. It is spring and then summer.3After a while the sun stays in the sky for shorter and shorter periods. Many plants begin to die. Leaves fall. Winter comes. Year after year this is repeated and you cannot tell exactly why it happens. But you realize that the sun seems to make the difference. Primitive (原始的) man felt that since the sun was so powerful it must be a god. It may seem silly to us now to worship (崇拜) a sun-god, but primitive man was right about the importance of the sun to life on earth.4You have been told that the world is round. But suppose no one had ever taught you that the world was like a huge ball. Would you have ever thought of it yourself? You cannot see the curve (曲线) of the earth at once. You would have no idea of how big it was. Thats why early man believed that the earth was small and fiat. Such ideas appeared from the evidence they had.5If you watch the stars night after night, you will see them rise and set. As you look at the sky, it is not difficult to imagine that you are in the center of a vast collection of twinkling (闪烁) lights. Some early astronomers (天文学家) believed the sky was a crystal shell or series of crystal shells, one inside the other. They believed this because that is what the night sky looked like. For many centuries, men believed that the earth was the center of the universe and that the sun, the moon, and the stars circled around it.1Paragraph 2_.2Paragraph 3_.3Paragraph 4_.4Paragraph 5_.A Early Ideas about the Sky and the StarsB The Importance of the Sun to Life on EarthC Primitive Knowledge of the MoonD The Sun in Autumn and WinterE Early Ideas about the EarthF Collecting Evidence about the Sun5Early man thought the earth was small and flat because_.6Primitive man believed the sun was a god because_.7Early man thought the earth was the center of the universe because_.8Early astronomers believed that the sky was a crystal shell or series of crystal shells because_.Ahe did not observe the sun carefully enoughBhe could not see its curveCthe sun, the moon and the stars seemed to move around itDthe earth circles around the sunEit looked like that at nightFit has power over life on earth第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇TapeStore: A New Tape Storage SystemTapeStore is a new kind of tape storage system which can store up to 6,000 computer tapes. No other tape storage system can hold as many computer tapes as TapeStore. The tapes look exactly like video cassettes. Many hundreds of data files can be stored on each tape, up to a maximum of 500 million bytes (字节) of data. If you stored the same amount of information on paper, you would need nearly 4.5 billion printed pages.The machine is a tall black box with a mechanical arm. The machine is 2.5 metres high and 3.0 metres wide. This is how it works. Each tape has a code printed on it. You feed the code number into TapeStore, which then looks for the code. As soon as TapeStore locates the code, the arm reaches in and pulls out the tape.The system is very fast. It takes the mechanical arm about 10 seconds to find the tape it is looking for. The machine then searches the tape to extract (提取) the required file, and this takes less than a minute. A human technician would have to locate and remove the tape by hand, and could take at least an hour to find the right file on the tape.Some of the worlds biggest companies, including banks, insurance companies, airlines, telephone companies, utilities and computer centres, have bought the system.They like it particularly because the system guarantees the security of their data.TapeStore was originally developed in Canada and is now being marketed worldwide. In Europe alone, 750 have already been installed at a cost of 480,000 dollars each.1TapeStore is better than any other storage system because_.Ait can store more video cassettes.Bitis extremely small.Cit stores more tapes.Dit stores data files on the same tape.2The mechanical arm finds a tape by_.Arecording the file name on the tape.Bidentifying the printed code on the tapeClooking for its file name.Dsearching for the tape number.3The TapeStore system is popular among big companies mainly because_.Ait costs less than a skilled worker.Bit looks impressive.Cthe information it stores is valuable.Dit ensures the safety of their data.4Which of the following statements about TapeStore is NOT true?AIt can store a large amount of information.BIt is very cheap.CIt is very fast.DIt is secure.5The word marketed in the last paragraph can be replaced by_.Ainstalled.Bused.Cpromoted.Ddesigned.第二篇The Cherokee NationLong before the white man came to America, the land belonged to the American Indian nations. The nation of the Cherokees lived in what is now the southeastern part of the United States.After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing were to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language. He began by making word pictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossible - there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. Using his own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper.In 1830, the U.S. Congress passed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go. They had lived on their lands for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint (在枪口的威胁下) into the western territory. The sick, the old and the small children went in carts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback. It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of the journey. Many dropped dead and were buried by the roadside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4,000 had died. It was indeed a march of death.6The Cherokees used to live_.Aby the roadside.Bin the southeastern part of the US.Cbeyond the Mississippi River.Din the western territory.7Which of the following statements about Sequoyah is NOT true?AHe was imaginative.BHe was an Indian.CHe was a white man.DHe wrote down the spoken Cherokee language.8A law was passed in 1830 to_.Aallow the Cherokees to stay where they were.Bstop the Cherokees using their own language.Cforce the Cherokees to move westward.Dforbid the Cherokees to print their own newspaper.9The Cherokees went to their new lands_.Ain carts.Bon horseback.Con foot.Dall of the above.10 The word exhausted in the last paragraph could be best replaced by_.Aworn out.Bended up.Crun out.Dfinished up.第三篇Pool WatchSwimmers can drown in busy swimming pools when lifeguards fail to notice that they are in trouble. A report says that on average 15 people drown in British pools each year, but many more suffer major injury after getting into difficulties. Now a French company has developed an artificial intelligence system called Poseidon that sounds the alarm when it sees someone in danger of drowning.When a swimmer sinks towards the bottom of the pool, the new system sends an alarm signal to a poolside monitoring station and a lifeguards pager (呼机). In trials at a pool in Ancenis, near Nantes, it saved a life within just a few months, says Alistair McQuade, a spokesman for its maker, Poseidon Technologies.Poseidon keeps watch through a network of underwater and overhead video cameras. AI software analyses the images to work out swimmers trajectories (轨迹). To do this reliably, it has to tell the difference between a swimmer and the shadow of someone being cast onto the bottom or side of the pool.It does the same with an image from another camera viewing the shape from a different angle. If the two projections are in the same position, the shape is identified as a shadow and is ignored. But if they are different, the shape is a swimmer and so the system follows its trajectory.To pick out potential drowning victims, anyone in the water who starts to descend slowly is added to the softwares pre-alert (预先警戒) list, says McQuade. Swimmers who then stay immobile on the pool bottom for 5 seconds or more are considered in danger of drowning. Poseidon double-checks that the image really is of a swimmer, not a shadow, by seeing whether it obscures (使模糊) the pools floor texture when viewed from overhead. If so, it alerts the lifeguard, showing the swimmers location on a poolside screen.The first full-scale Poseidon system will be officially opened next week at a pool in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. One man who is impressed with the idea is Travor Baylis, inventor of the clockwork (时钟装置) radio. Baylis runs a company that installs swimming pools - and he was once an underwater escapologist (脱身杂技演员) with a circus (马戏团). 1 say full marks to them if this works and can save lives, he says.11 AI means the same as_.Aan image.Ban idea.Canything immobile.Dartificial intelligence12 To save a life, AI software must be able to_.Adescend in the water.Bvideotape every movement.Cdistinguish between a swimmer and a shadowDsave a life within a few months.13 How does Poseidon save a life?AIt orders an underwater robot to rescue the drowning swimmer.BIt alerts the lifeguard.CIt displays the swimmers shadow on the screen.DIt watches the pool through dozens of overhead cameras.14 Which of the following statements about Travor Baylis is NOT true?AHe owns a swimming pool.BHe invented the clockwork radio.CHe was once an entertainer.DHe runs a company.15 How does Baylis look at the Poseidon system?AHe thinks it is too expensive.BHe thinks it is a good system.CHe thinks it is not efficient enough.DHe thinks it is as good as the British pool Watch system.第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。GarlicFrom early times man has used garlic (大蒜). The Bible speaks of it. The Israelites (古以色列人) were once far from home. They cried out to Moses, their leader, for the foods they loved: leeks (韭菜), onions, and garlic. The Romans, like the Israelites, loved to eat garlic. And they hung bags of garlic around their necks. _(1) They also thought it would keep them from getting sick.A similar idea is still held. Many people take garlic thinking it will prevent or cure disease. Most doctors say it does no such thing. _(2) Its smell may force people to stay far apart. At least then they cant pass germs on to each other. _(3) What if youre in a play, for instance? Actors have been known to forget their lines because they couldnt stand the garlic smell on a fellow actors breath. Some have even made up new lines and actions that kept them far away from the one who had eaten garlic.Through the years man has tried to cope with the smell of garlic. _(4) We now know why. Its been found that the oils of the garlic do not stick to the teeth, Garlic tongue, or gums (齿龈). They go into the lungs instead. From there they are breathed out. They pass out through the skin too.Strange as it seems, food may have a great deal of garlic in it without smelling or tasting strong. It a