人教版八年级英语形容词副词比较级知识要点解.doc

形容词和副词的三级1形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的规则变化(1)一般在词尾直接加-er或-est。如：tall taller tallest, long longer longest(2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加-r或-st。如：nice nicer nicest, large lagrer largest(3)以辅音字母y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est。如：heavy heavier heaviest, busy busier busiest, funny funnier funniest(4)在重读闭音节中，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est。如：big bigger biggest, hot hotter hottest, thin thinnerthinnest， fat fatter fattest(5)部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级。如：slowly more slowly most slowly, beautiful more beautiful most beautifulimportant more important most important2形容词和副词的不规则变化good/well better best many/much more most ill/bad/badly worse worst little lessleast far farther/further farthest/furthest3三级的用法(1)原级的用法 只能修饰原级的词有very, quite, so, too等。如：The old man is _ walk on. 那个老人太累了以至于不能再继续走了。 原级常用的句型结构a“Av.as形容词原级/副词原级as B”表示“A和B程度相同”。如：Lucy is as old as Kate. 露西和凯特的年龄一样大。Tom runs _ Mike. 汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。b“ Av.notas/so形容词原级/副词原级as B” 表示“A不如B”如：This classroom is _ that one. 这个教室不如那个大。He doesnt walk as slowly as you. 他走路不像你那样慢。(2)比较级的用法可用much, even, a little等词修饰形容词、副词的比较级。如：(1) Now I feel even more tired this morning than I usually do.(2) If you do that, youll soon feel much healthier.(3) Kate felt a little better.比较级常用的句型结构1）“Av.(倍数)比较级thanB”表示“A比B”或“A比B几倍”如：Jim is taller than Kate. 吉姆比凯特高。This ball is _ that one. 这个球比那个大三倍。2）“Av.比较级thanany other单数名词(介词短语)”表示“A比同一范围内的任何一个人/物都”，含义是“A最”。如：Xiaoming is taller than _ in his class. 小明比他班上其他任何男孩都高。Xiaoming is taller than(any of)the other boys in his class.Xiaoming is the tallest boy in his class.小明是他班上最高的男孩。3）“Av.the比较级of the two”表示“A是两者中较的”。 如： Look at the two boys. Xiaoming is _ the two. 看那两个男孩，小明是两个当中较高的那个。4）“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越”如：He is getting _他越来越高了。He does his homework more and more carefully. 他做作业越来越认真了。5）“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，就越”如： The more, the better. 越多越好。_ you work，_ your grades will be. 你越努力学习，你的成绩就越好。6）“特殊疑问词v.比较级，A or B？”如：Which is bigger, the blue ball or the red one? 哪一个大，蓝球还是红球？注意 比较级前常用much, even, still, a little, a bit, a lot, far, any等词修饰。(3)最高级常用句型结构“主语v.the最高级(单数名词)in/of短语”，表示“是中最的”。 如：Tom is the tallest (student) in his class.Tom is the tallest of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。I jump _ in my class. 我是我们班跳得最远的。“主语v.one of the最高级复数名词in/of短语”，表示“是中最之一”。 如：Beijing is _ in China. 北京是中国最大的城市之一。“特殊疑问词v.the最高级A，B，or C？”用于三者以上的比较。如：Which season do you like _， spring, summer or autumn？ 你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？“主语v.the序数词最高级”，表示“是中的第几”如：Tom is_boy in his class. 汤姆是他们班身高第二的男生。（4）比较级与最高级的转换比较级、最高级和同等比较（asas, not as/soas）句式的相互转换。例：(1) Li Lei ran much faster than the other boys. 可转换成：Li Lei ran fastest of all the boys.The other boys didnt run as fast as Li Lei.Li Lei ran much faster than any other boy.Li Lei ran much faster than any of the other boys.(2) Liu Mei jumped farthest of all the students. 可转换成：Liu Mei jumped farther than the other students.Liu Mei jumped farther than the other students.Liu Mei jumped farther any the student.No student jumped as far as Liu Mei.例题解析1. He is _ friends than I.A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more解析： 后面有可数名词复数时， many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。 应选B.2. Which is the _ country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing解析： 两者比较用比较级， 表示发达用 developed, 而developing 是 发展中的 意思3There were _ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.A. little B. few C. fewer D. less解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级， 所以应选C.4. If you are not free today, come another day _. A. too B. so C. instead D. yet 解析：instead 作副词用时意为代替，顶替， 表示前面的事情没做， 而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C.5He cant tell us _, I think. A. important anything B. anything importantC. important something D. something important. 解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something. 因此应选B6. The Huang River is the second _ river in our country. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 解析：定冠词the+ 序数词 + 形容词最高级 表示第几大 应选C.7. The light in the office wasnt _for him to read. A. enough bright B. bright enough C. brightly D. enough brightly 解析：enough修饰名词时可前可后， 修饰形容词或副词时， 要后置。应选B.8. There was an accident at the corner. _, the girl wasnt _hurt. A. luckily, badly B. luck, hardly C. Lucky, heavily D. Lucky, strongly 解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词hurt也要用副词， 因此选A.9. You must keep your eyes _ when you do eye exercises. A. close B. open C. closed D., opened 解析: 此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。 应选C.10. Five days has passed , but I havent finished half of the work. _, A. already B. still C. too D. yet解析：already 与 yet 都可用于现在完成时态。Already常用于肯定句， 而yet 常用与否定句。应选D.根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred. 2. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) as Yongxian. 3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _(fat) than before . 4.Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken? 5.- How _ (tall) is Sally? - She s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? - She s only 1.40 metres _(tall). She is much _(short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class. 6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English. 7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 8.He is one of the_ _(friendly) people in the class, I think. 9. A dictionary is much (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ _ (beautiful) than her sister.13.My room is not as _ (big) as my brother s.14.-How difficult is physics? -I m not sure. - Is it _ (difficult) than maths? - I don t think so.15.- Annie plays the piano very _ (well). - Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _(well).16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).18. I think it s too expensive. I d like a _ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much _ (early) than I. 20.This book is not as _ (interesting) as that one.首字母填词练习。 Once Effendi had a joke with the Prime Minister（首相）. He said the Minister w 1