名词从句之宾语从句和主语从句.doc

名词性从句之宾语从句和主语从句1在主从复合句中，从句可以充当主句的主语、表语、宾语或同位语。由于在多数情况下，主语、表语、宾语或同位语这四种句子成分由名词性词类充当，所以，我们把这些作用相当于名词的从句统称为名词性从句，把充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语的从句分别称为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句或同位语从句。也就是说充当什么成分就叫什么从句。名词性从句由连接词（或关联词）引导。常用的连接词有连接词作用whether 是否that (本身无词义)只起连接词作用，引导从句，在从句中不作任何成分who, whom, whosewhich 哪一个what 什么，所的在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语when什么时候，where什么地方how怎样、怎么，why为什么除了起连接词作用外，还在从句中作状语一宾语从句考点点拨考点1引导宾语从句的关联词有：that (在从句中可省略)从属连词有：if /whether连接代词有：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词有：where, why,when, how考点宾语从句用陈述句语序可以带宾语从句的是一些及物动词，介词和一些形容词（sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised,satisfied 等）考点Think, believe, suppose, expect 等构成否定句时要前移I dont think the film is interesting.我觉得这部电影没什么意思。考点nsist, suggest, demand, order, proposal 后宾语从句要用虚拟语气：should +动词原形考点当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后的句子中的that不能省略 考点由 it 作形式宾语时，that 引导宾语从句时不能省略考点如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, take.for granted等。如： George made it clear that he opposed this project. 乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目。it 代表that 引导的句子，作宾语，clear 是宾语补足语。考点whether和if都可以引导名词性从句，有时可互换。但下面几种情况只能用whether 而不能用if .1) 从句后紧跟or not时。2) 在discuss等某些动词后3) 引导主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句时。4) 宾语从句作介词的宾语时。考点doubt引导的宾语从句形式有 ：1）I doubt whether/if2) There is a doubt whether / if 3) I have a doubt whether / if 4) I dont doubt that 5) There is no doubt that 6) I have no doubt that 二主语从句考点点拨考点引导主语从句的关联词有：that (不充当任何成分) what (可充当主语，宾语，表语)Whether, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whatever, whichever, where, when, why, how考点用it 作形式主语的结构：A It + be +形容词 + that + 从句B It + be +名词短语+ that + 从句C It + be + 过去分词+ that + 从句D It +seems, happens + that + 从句E It doesnt matter(makes no difference) +连接代词/连接副词 +主语从句注意：主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。注意：在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that练习一. 用正确的词填空(1) 名词性从句有 _ 种, 分别是 宾语从句, _ ,_, 表语从句, 在复合句中充当 宾语, 主语, 同位语和表语。(2) 关联词that 在从句中 充当成分；what 在从句中可充当 ， 等。(3) It 可以作形式宾语和 。二. 判断下列句子属于那种从句(1) I doubt whether he will succeed.(2) I dont know how to do it.(3) I wonder what he is writing to me about.(4) The fact is that you didnt hand in your homework yesterday.(5) Thats how I solved the problem.(6) Whether he will come here isnt clear.(7) What he did is not yet known.(8) Whom you turned to for help to makes no difference.(9) It is certain that she will do well in her exam.(10) It is said that he has arrived in Zhongshan University.(11) The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.(12) The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.三将下列句子组合成含有名词性从句的复合句：1.Where did they come across each other?-I have no idea about it.2.He has overcome all the difficulties. It is likely.3.He has promised to rid himself of those bad habits. We doubt about it.4. “Lets focus our attention on what the teacher says”.My partner suggested it.5.Have you cut off the electricity supply? I want to know it.6.Nobody wants to lose face in public. There is no doubt about it.He is content with what he has achieved now. That is obvious.How did he become well-known throughout the world overnight? Would you please tell me?四、形式主语和形式宾语it：（一）用形式主语或形式宾语组合两句：1.The monkey swung from one tree to another. That was quite amusing.2.Human beings can travel to the Mars in this century. I dont think it impossible.3.Will the family go to visit one of the most unique theme parks in the world Dollywood?That hasnt been decided yet.4.He dreams that he could be admitted by a key university. He is struggling to make it come true.5.The trapped miners survived from the 8-day starvation in the mine. That was a surprise.(二)、用形式主语或形式宾语改写下列句子：1.He is unlikely to overcome all difficulties on the way to his success in passing the university entrance examination.2.None of us is convinced that he can get rid of his worries by drowning in wine all day.3.How many people were trapped in ruins was unclear at the beginning. 4.That the lady missed todays flight to Shanghai was a pity.5.Why dinosaurs disappeared from the earth still remains unknown.五 填入适当的连词(1) I cant decide dictionary I should buy.(2) I dont know I shall do next.(3) I know nothing about the young lady except she is from Beijing.(4) She is always thinking of she can improve he r English .(5) Your pen is still you left it.(6) Please tell me found my jacket.(7) The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water Park.(8) When asked they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.(9) wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.(10) Tomorrow is Tom s birthday . Have you got any idea the party is to be held?(11) Is known to all that the 2012 Olympics will take place in London.(12) He must answer the question he agrees to it or not.(13) The problem is we can get there on time.(14) He suddenly fell ill last month surprised us.(15) He didnt come to school yesterday. That was he was ill.语法填空Television is now playing a very important part in our life. But television, like many 11 things, has both advantages and disadvantages. Do the 12 outweigh (比更重要) the latter?In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also 13 comparatively cheap one. For a family of four, for example, it is 14 as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home, with almost unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search of amusement elsewhere.All they have to do is 15 (press) a button, and they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention the latest 16 (excite) football match. Some people, 17 maintain that this is precisely 18 the danger lies. The television viewer makes no choice and exercises no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything 19 (present) to 20 without any effort on his part. Keeping a diary in English is one of the 11._ (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability. 12._ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes 13._ time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. 14._ we persist in this practice, gradually well learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many 15._. In the fi