专四 大学四六级写作模板 名师整理 突破高分.docx

专四和大学英语四六级写作讲义一、首段1、禁忌1）no bombs2）no apologies2、中心主线段：主题词 + 同位语 + 从句 + 态度 / 观点 Making friends on line, a prevailing fashion in this 21st century which booms as never before especially for the younger generations, is wise from my point of view. (07) The arts festival, a general discussion these days on campus which concerns all the university students, has to be filled with more diversity and creativity. (05) Telephone, the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technology which dominates and promises to reshape our lives and our world, is destined to take the place of traditional letters. (04)3、插入语 单个单词：Anyone, then, who knows the good he ought to do but does not do it, sins. 词组的插入：The Gentleman, by his culture, collects friends about him and through these friends promotes his Goodness. 句子的插入：A craftsman, if he means to do good work, must first sharpen his tools.4、连续发问 Does technology create more problems than it solves? And may it threaten or damage the quality of life? Is it more of a blessing or of a curse? People are sharply divided over this issue. To me, this answer may be negative. What is there that confers the noblest delight? What is that which swells a mans breast with pride above that which any other experience can bring to him? Discovery! Reduce waste on campus：Have you ever left your dorm forgetting to turn off the lights? Have you ever bothered to turn off the tap after washing your clothes? Have you ever seen tables covered with the remains of a meal when you go to the school cafeteria at dinner time? I bet your answers to some of these questions are “yes”. Making friends on line is wise：Do you still search for pen pals everywhere with bewilderment? Do you still spend a large sum of money only to mail a written letter to a friend afar or even thousands of miles away in another continent? If yes, try to attempt to get a new acquaintance via Internet, a rather wiser choice.二、中间段1、段落结构：2、段落层次：还原逻辑词 When I was at middle-school, my parents were both out of work. (Therefore,) My parents felt disappointed and I was greatly worried about my future. (Consequently,) Our life became very terrible. (so that ) I even decided to commit suicide. (Later,) Our neighbor learnt about my familys condition, and they began to help us. (Meanwhile,) They lent a few money to my parents and my parents use these money to open a shop. (Moreover,) They help me to study. (In the end,) My parents finally got through hard life. So I say that love is great.3、观点对比+利弊说明1）“一些人认为”Some无数的numerous / myriad (a number / myriad of)大量的A considerable / significant / noticeable amount / quantity / portion of对半的almost / nearly / approximately half of大多的the (vast / overwhelming) majority of2）“一些人认为”people公众the public各行各业people from all walks of life / community / education / background支持/反对者followers objectors；consenters dissenters参与者participants / candidates / interviewees3）“一些人认为”think认为assume / claim / declare / assert / state / insist/ maintain that支持express / show / demonstrate ones support for赞成 / 反对cast ones ballot for / against；stand on the side of意见是ones viewpoint is that / be with the view that4）导致利弊Advantage / disadvantage; merit / drawback; blessing / curse; benefit / harm; outweighlead to, contribute to, result in, bring about, give rise to owing to, due to, thanks to, result from, in that, attribute to 5）句式 Many people consider it appropriate that more emphasis should be put on the development of students capacity for reasoning and logical thinking, whilst others think that more benefits would be gained from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions. Those who argue that while others who claim that6）框架启 Answers shall find it is of difficulty to please all, as the old say goes. Therefore, it is quite understandable that people from diverse backgrounds put different interpretations on the same issue of . A question begging an answer centers on whether , or whether. Determining the answer will far from an easy proposition, but is nonetheless one that deserves careful and deliberate consideration.承： On the one hand, the majority is in favor of the idea that. Thunderous applause could be heard to maintain the idea that转 One the other side of the coin, adverse voices cast their ballots for the belief that. Discommenders and antis, however, could not concur with the former by insisting that.合： All things considered, an unshakable conclusion could be safely drawn that Balancing the advantages and drawbacks of this issue, I am bound to accept the former / latter viewpoint, intending to stand on the side that A question begging an answer centers on whether or not one ought to expect a reward when doing a good deed. Determining the answer will far from an easy proposition, but isnonetheless one that deserves careful and deliberate consideration.On the one hand, the majority is in favor of the idea that to receive a reward after doing good deeds is beyond any doubt due to the reason that “A good turn deserves another”, as the old saying goes, which indicates that a good deed, surely, ought to bring about a reward, the motivation or the stimulus for the favor.One the other side of the coin, adverse voices cast their ballots for the belief that good deeds belong to voluntary work, purely out of willingness, which has nothing to do with expectation for rewards, following the outstanding example of the great communist soldier Lei Feng who “devoted his limited life to the limitless cause of serving the people”.In short, balancing the advantages and drawbacks of this issue, I am bound to accept the latter viewpoint, intending to stand on the side that good deeds are supposed to result from spontaneous reaction confronted with certain circumstances.4、原因列举： There are two reasons accounting for my view. For one thing, fast forward a few years, making friends may no longer be a problem owing to the fact that the Internet affords us the opportunity to communicate not only with people who are conveniently close by but also with those who might be thousands of miles away in another continent. For another, more importantly, we can make friends of different races and cultures and this can expose us to a new language, culture and belief. 衍生句型：What has sparked the increasing interest in exercise? For one thing, people have gained a greater awareness of the need for physical fitness. For another, the constantly improving standard of living enables Chinese people to patronize the increasing number of recreational venues. The main thing perhaps centers on the healthcare and psychological benefits exercise provides. 仿写： Why are an increasing number of elderly Chinese parents living apart from their children? One reason is the increasing upward mobility of the younger generation. Another is expanding social opportunities for the elderly. Perhaps the main reason, however, centers on dramatic changes in traditional concepts.5、举例论证1）个人实例l An example shoule be added to highlight the issue discussed above. To demonstrate, Thomas Edison diligent, world-famous and doing very well in his early life continued to pursue something more difficult all through his life. “Genius consists of 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.” Such is the remark made by him. It is true indeed. Thomas Edisons case is a typical example that keeping making progress and daring to stride forward always has to be considered as the right attitude towards life and work for everyone who longs for success.l To specify this statement, I would like to take an example. Helen Keller blind and deaf is always admired and remembered as a heroine striving for the dream in her lifes journey.（可用于论述：成功；信心；毅力；奋斗；理想；决心）With language, she proved she could communicate in the world of sight and sound an was able to speak to it and live in it. “Literature is my utopia. Here I am not disenfranchised.” Helens case is a typical example that how knowledge could liberate and cultivate ones mind.l For instance, Mr. Bill Gates when making his decision to drop out from Harvard did not care too much of the result. Many people did not understand why Gates gave up such a good opportunity to study in the worlds No.1 University. However, with size comes power, Microsoft dominates the PC market with its operatingsystems. Now, Microsoft becomes the biggest software company in the world and Bill Gates becomes the richest man in the world.l A very good case in point is that a person of great reputation, Columbus, who discovered America, owed his success to his singleness of purpose and determination. On the ocean he suffered the affliction of storms and tempests hundreds of times. However, instead of admitting defeats, he went forward. There is no denying that success is more often the definite result of a persons self-discipline, had work and, most of all, perseverance.2）历史实例 The year was 1978. TThhoouussaannddss ooff American people stepped, for the first time, upon a mysterious land, China. AAmmoonngg tthheemm, tthheerree wwaass aa yyoouunngg mmaann nnaammeedd Wayne Jackson who paid his visit to the Great Wall and the Summer Palace and got himself deeply impressed by Chinese culture. When he returned to the US, he devoted his rest life to the intercommunion of bilateral cultures and won the Presidential Award in 1982. The year was 1943. Millions upon millions of Jews were being marched into gas chambers. During the following two years, more Jews perished in the holocaust. Among them, there was a five-year-old boy named Abraham whose eyes were filled with fears and tears. From his vacant and spiritless eyesight, we may easily read out his yearning towards peace.3）细节论证 数据论证：l A survey issued by the department of Sociology at Wuhan University suggests that 21.7% college students suffer from pressure of academic studies. It is an 11.2% increase, compared with last year.l A recent survey showed that percent of respondents ranked as their top priority, compared to percent only a few years ago. 名言论证：l One of the great early writers worte that . If this is true, then the present situation should make us wonder whether is reasonable. To this issue, my answer is CERTAINLY YES / DEFINITELY NO.l “.” Such is the remark made by , a great . This view has been shared / challenged now by more and more people.l Adler is correct in this assertion that .三、结论段Some strategies for closing paragraphs 1. Summarize the essay 2. Echo the introduction 3. Restate the thesis (thesis is the main idea of your essay) 4. Create an image 5. Striking a note of hope or desair 6. Use a quotation 7. Give a symbolic or powerful fact or other detail 8. Recommend a course of action1、禁忌：中文表决心方式2、常用句型1）形式主语2）被动语态3）虚拟语气4）无灵主语3、结尾方法1）归纳结论（主题同义改写观点概括） Why, then, do I teach? (1) I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar. (2) I teach because teaching is a profession built on change. (3) I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lessons, to stimulate myself and my students. So teaching gives me pace, variety, freedom, and challenge.2）反诘提问 What makes pollution so severe nowadays? Firstly, people throw life wastes carelessly, with them littering streets, rivers and fields. Secondly, the development of economy deteriorates our environment to a great extent. The major pollutant is the industrial wastes. The waste gas diets the air and the waste liquid from factories poisons the water. Thirdly, some pollutions spread out fast without effective solution to them. Green house effect, for instance, has caused the iceberg at the two poles to melt, which means that lots of countries will be flood-stricken. A. If our environment is going on to be polluted in these ways, what a world shall we leave our later generations? B. How can we live a happy and healthy life, if our environment is too polluted to have fresh air to breathe or clean water to drink?3）提出建议，呼吁行动 95年“课外兼职的利弊” Since taking a part-time job is both a blessing and a curse, college students have to be wise enough to strike a balance between academic studies and part-time jobs.（折中） 96年“大学生活和中学生活的不同” In short, different from middle school, college life develops me into an independent adult. Dear friends, when you enter the college, you are on the way to be an independent individual. So, rely on yourselves in daily life and manage your academic studies on your own.（倾向性） 00年：“课外活动重要性” Extracurricular activities are very important to college students in their healthy development, so I want to suggest that Students Union organize more meaningful activities and every student actively take part in carious activities. 02年：“保持健康的最佳方式” Since sports is so important to keep us healthy, lets do physical exercise everyday. 05年：“给艺术节提建议” In my viewpoint, a university arts festival is a world for us students to be closer friends. The stage is ours. Fellow students, come on and wrap your arms around next semesters university arts festival.4）展望未来05年：为艺术节提建议 Of course, there should be other shows to attract more students and show their own talents. I really hope that my suggestions are of help to the festival. I wish this festival could be held successfully and it would be a real show of our talents.98年：“解决污染的一个建议” I believe by using electricity to replace petrol as an important source of power, the worldwill be cleaner, where we can breathe more freely, and trees will turn green again.5）模板句型No topic has received more attention than the one presented now.Quite obviously, people seem to fail to take into account the fact that .And I believe that anyone who is blind to this point may pay a heavy price.Thus, we have to spare no effort to face the challenges and better the situation, which is a matter of achivement and failure a matter no one and no nation can afford to ignore.As the famous saying goes: when the going gets tough, the tough get going.A much better and brighter future will surely await us.My view is that, first of all, it is of great necessity for the government and authorities concerned to .Furthermore, emphasis has to be paid to .Finally, it is high time that drastic and immediate measures were taken to .The methodology suggested may not guarantee ultimate success, but the eventual pay-off could well be worth the effort.By means of adopting such ways, a much better and brighter future will surely await us.We have to seek immediate solutions for.Recognizing a problem is the first step in finding a method.It is essential to heed warnings of potentially catastrophic consequences associated with and, in turn, to attach top priority to finding effective solutions to ensure .Immediate solutions for solving problems surrounding remain elusive.However, public recognition of the importance and necessity to will represent the first step in finding effective solutions.We do, in fact, have a long way to go to reach our final goal.The time is right for us to take full advantage of ample existing opportunities.Whatever the outcome, we have to resolutely proceed with our objective.To address this issue and to , goverments and authorities concerned should unite to work out effective measures against .For instance, there should be .Moreover, the public attachment to the importance of would play a decisive role in.In addition, we should enhance the awareness of people that is extraordinarily vital to us.Only in this way can we .复习一、内容： 1、你想说的最重要的事是什么？如果已经说出来了，在草稿中找出这段话，并在句子下面划线。如果还没有说出来，现在就写。（中心主线） 2、文章里所写的每件事都同主旨相关吗？哪个部分你不需要？如果你写的是当你在银行实习时，意识到自己宁愿成为一名核物理学家，那么坐公交上班这段话就显得十分没有必要了。 3、你做到具体化了吗？如果发现自己只是泛泛而谈，那么就把一般变为具体。 4、文章中最令你满意的是什么？ 5、文章中最令你不满的是什么？哪一部分还不对头？要使它和文章其他部分一样好，你能做什么？二、趣味： 1、你开头的第一个句子能否抓住读者的注意力？如果你是读者，它能吸引你吗？2、你的文章是否需要更多的细节？举例来说，如果你已经写了在你志愿服务的野营地里，孩子们教会你“欣赏生活中简单的事情”，你还需要再多写一到两句话，详细描述一下这种教育意味着什么。 3、结尾能让读者们感觉文章已经写完了吗？结束语听上去像是结束语吗？在一篇写自己从错误中汲取教训的文章里，一个总结性的概括，不如某些发自内心的简单写法具有感染力。 4、大声地读你的文章，相信自己的耳朵。你认为这篇文章有趣吗？如果自己都觉得它令人厌倦，想想读者的感觉！三、清楚： 1、是否每个段落在文章中都有明确的位置？如果不是，就需要做些删除或改写一下。 2、你的读者能轻松地跟上你的思绪吗？有没有需要填充的裂缝或者需要删除的不必要的迂回？ 3、有没有一些词或句子显得粗糙或模棱两可？如果有，删除模棱两可的词，加工粗糙的地方。四、简洁： 1、你的文章到底是从哪里正式开始的？能否把那些引导性的句子删除，直接进入主题？ 2、有没有和主题无关的细节？如果有，删掉它们。 3、是否用了很多的词语，其实用一到两个词就可以完全代替？“我要告诉你们的非常重要的一点是，我申请的只有贵校一所学校，那是我从童年开始形成的一生的渴望。”这是一个无比冗长的句子，不如改为：“我只申请了艾莫利大学，因为我一直都想进这所学校。”记住，在一篇短文里，每一个字都要有意义。 五、用法和风格：1、你把所有的旧词、过时的词都删掉了吗？ 2、你用没用主动语态和动作性很强的动词？ 3、对句子的长度和结构进行过修改吗？ 4、有没有用到描述性的词和比喻的手法？ 5、是否避免了使用空洞的修饰语，如“very”，“rather”，“somewhat”等等？ 6、如果使用了缩略语，它们是否和文章的风格统一？省略号的位置对不对？ 六、语法： 1、主语同动词单复数是否一致？ 2、代词与先行词是否一致？ 3、代词指代明确吗？(尤其要注意的是“this”和“that”) 4、修饰词的位置是否靠近被修饰词？ 5、有没有悬垂结构或放错位置的修饰语？ 6、动词的形式同时态及语态一致吗？ 7、有没有逗号重叠的情况？ 8、有没有发现不完整的句子？七、标点符号： 1、标点符号是否明确地划分开句子结构？ 2、所用的标点符号，如省略号、冒号、波折号、分号、逗号、括号、连字号、引号等是否正确？ 3、是否尽量不使用惊叹号？(合适的词语比惊叹号在表达上更为有效)八、技巧： 1、大写字母是否用得正确并前后呼应？ 2、数字使用是否相互对应？(十以前的数字最好用拼写的方式，十以后的数字用符号代替。如果搞不清楚，就全用符号表示。) 3、每个词都拼写正确吗？ 4、因篇幅所限需要分开的词分得是否正确？ 九、校对： 1、有没有丢掉的词或行？ 2、有没有打字错误？专四推荐名人引言一、理想篇：1、And love, young men, and venerate the ideal. The ideal is the word of God. High above every country, high above humanity, is the country of the spirit, the city of the soul.青年人啊，热爱理想吧，崇敬理想吧。理想是上帝的语言，高于一切国家，高于全部人类是精神的王国，是灵魂的故乡。（Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian statesman 意大利政治家马志尼）2、Do not, for one repulse, give up the purpose that you resolved to effect.不要只因一次失败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目标。（William Shakespeare, British dramatist 英国剧作家莎士比亚）3、The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today.实现明天理想的唯一障碍是今天的疑虑。（Franklin Roosevelt, American president 美国总统罗斯福）4、A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams.只要一个人还有所