高中英语 语法过关定语从句辅导课件.ppt

十一 定语从句一 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词who whom whose which that引导定语从句时 可在从句中作主语 宾语 定语等句子成分 who代指人 作主语或宾语 whom代指人 作动词宾语或介词宾语 whose代指人 ofwhom 或物 ofwhich 作定语 which代指物 作主语或宾语 that代指人或物 作主语 宾语或表语 thisisthedetectivewhocamefromlondon thebookwhich thatiamreadingiswrittenbythomashardy thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold heisnolongertheboythatheusedtobetwoyearsago 使用关系代词时应注意以下几点 1 介词 关系代词 可以引导定语从句 但关系代词只可用whom或which 不可用who或that theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop inthedarkstreet therewasn tasinglepersonto whomshecouldturnforhelp 2 whose n 引导定语从句时 可换成 the n ofwhom which 或 ofwhich the n helivesinabighousewhosewindowfacesthesea helivesinabighousethewindowofwhichfacesthesea helivesinabighouseofwhichthewindowfacesthesea 3 which引导的定语从句还可修饰前面整个主句 此时which相当于andthis hesucceededinthecompetition whichmadehisparentsveryhappy theweatherturnedouttobeverygood whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect 注 判断定语从句用什么引导词的关键是看先行词在从句中作什么成分 i llneverforgetthedaythat whichispentwithyouonthefarm 先行词theday作spent的宾语 ispentthedaywithyouonthefarm i llneverforgetthedaywheniworkedtogetherwithyouonthefarm 先行词theday在从句中作状语 iworkedtogetherwithyouonthefarmonthatday heworksinthefactorywhichmakescolortvsets 先行词thefactory在从句中作主语 thefactorymakescolortvsets heworksinthefactorywherecolortvsetsaremade 先行词thefactory在从句中作状语 colortvsetsaremadeinthefactory 二 关系副词引导的定语从句1 关系副词when where why在定语从句中分别表示时间 地点或原因 关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语 where充当地点状语 why充当原因状语 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时 引导词要用关系副词 iwillneverforgetthedaywhenimetmr lin thisistheplacewherewelivedfor5years iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate 2 关系副词常可换成 介词 关系代词 when可换成on in bywhich等 where可换成at in fromwhich等 why换成forwhich thisisthefactorywhereipaidavisittheotherday thisisthefactoryto which i paid a visittheotherday thisisthefactorythat which i visitedtheotherday 3 that有时可以代替关系副词引导定语从句 此时that可以省去 不过这是一种非正式用法 ithappenedontheday that when iwasborn 4 way后面的定语从句不能用how引导 如way在从句中作状语 应用inwhich或that引导 甚至还可省略引导词 如作主语或宾语应用that或which引导 idon tliketheway inwhich that hetalks thewaythat whichhethoughtoftosolvetheproblemmightbehelpful 5 fromwhere为 介词 关系副词 结构 它也可以引导定语从句 tomhidhimselfbehindthedoor fromwherehecouldhearthestepsofhismotherclearly 6 as引导的定语从句as有 正如 就像 之意 可引导非限制性定语从句 从句可位于主句的前面 中间或后面 但which引导的非限制性定语从句一般只能放在主句之后 ashadbeenexpected theenglandteamwonthefootballmatch theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood whichwehadn texpected 7 非限制性定语从句与并列句的识别非限制性定语从句与主句之间要用 逗号 分隔 并且不能加入and but so等连接词 并列句一般由and but so等词连接 或中间用 分号 隔开 hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows mostofwhichhadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows andmostofthemhadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows mostofthemhadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear 8 定语从句与同位语从句的区别同位语从句是位于名词answer belief doubt decision explanation fact hope idea information news order problem promise truth等后的句子 并对这些名词进行补充说明或解释 从句一般是一个完整的句子 引导词that只起引导作用 不作句子成分 且that不可省略 同位语从句不可用which引导 而定语从句通常是一个不完整的句子 缺少主语或宾语等 thefactthatshehasn tknowntheresultoftheexaminationisclear thefact that which shetoldmeyesterdayisveryimportant 过关落实1 somepre schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter theylearnsimplegamesandsongs a thenb therec whiled where解析 where引导非限制性定语从句 在从句中作地点状语 答案 d2 hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool hewentontobeijinguniversity a afterwhichb afterthatc inwhichd inthat解析 afterwhich引导定语从句 which指上面的句子hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool 表示 在当地高中受教育后上了北京大学 答案 a 3 thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity sightmattersmorethanhearing a whenb whosec whichd where解析 先行词是activity 关系词在从句中作地点状语 表示 在这种活动中 故选where 答案 d4 wheredidyougettoknowher itwasonthefarm weworked a thatb therec whichd where解析 where引导定语从句修饰thefarm 在从句中作地点状语 答案 d 5 thebookwaswrittenin1946 theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges a whenb duringwhichc sincethend sincewhen解析 1946是先行词 when引导定语从句 由句意可知 关系词前应加since 译为 自从那时 答案 d6 byservingothers apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself canbeveryeye openingandrewarding a whob whichc whatd that解析 which引导非限制性定语从句 在从句中作主语 答案 b 7 iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking thefirst ireallyenjoyed a ofthatb ofwhichc thatd which解析 ofwhich指ofthethreebooksoncooking of结构提前 指物时关系代词用which 答案 b8 thebeatles manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember camefromliverpool a whatb thatc howd as解析 as引导非限制性定语从句 答案 d 9 wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty andoneofthemcameuptous wegavesomebellsandglasses a towhichb towhomc withwhomd withwhich解析 当介词结构 to 提前 指人时 关系代词用whom 答案 b10 isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark beforeicouldrecognizewhoshewas shehadrunbackinthedirection shehadcome a ofwhichb bywhichc inwhichd fromwhich解析 从哪个方向来 为comefromthedirection 变为定语从句时from提前 用which引导定语从句 答案 d 11 itisfarbetterforonetodrinkmilk onegetshealthfulnutrients thantodrinkcoffee containsnonutrientsatall a what whatb where asc fromwhich whichd inwhich what解析 根据句意 人们从牛奶中得到有益健康的营养成分 可知 第一个空应填fromwhich 两个从句都是非限制性定语从句 指物时 关系代词用which 故选c项 答案 c12 lastoctoberchinalauncheditssecondmannedspaceshipshenzhou twochineseastronautstraveledinspaceforfivedays a inwhichb atwhichc bywhichd fromwhich解析 先行词为shenzhou 定语从句表示 两名宇航员来此飞船 故用inwhich 答案 a 13 theauthorsofcomputervirusesaregeniuses iagree theycanapplytheirwisdomtoothernettechnology humanbeingscanbenefit a inwhichb throughwhichc onwhichd fromwhich解析 benefitfrom 从 中获益 获得好处 from提前且定语从句先行词为物时 用which 答案 d14 today ssichuanhasbecomearepresentativeofthewestdevelopment aplace hopesandopportunitieshaverepl