现在完成进行时的用法.doc

现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。如：We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我们等他等了两个小时。2.现在完成进行时的用法现在完成进行时由“have /has been + 现在分词”构成。3.现在完成进行时所用的时间状语：this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 时间段, since +时间点, for + 时间段。如：They have been building the bridge for two month. 两个月来他们一直在修桥。They have been planting trees this month. 这个月来他们一直在植树。4. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别(1) 现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。如：He has changed his idea. 他改变了想法。(2) 在表示动作的延续时，虽然既可用现在完成时，也可用现在完成进行时，但现在完成进行时强调动作的进行。因此在需要明确表示动作还要持续下去时，应用现在完成进行时。如：We have been studying here for two years. 我们在这儿已经学习了两年了。(3) 有些延续性动词(如 keep, learn, live, stay, study, work等)，用于现在完成时或现在完成进行时的区别不大。如：I have lived here for many years.=I have been living here for many years. 我在这儿住了多年了。现在完成进行时的谓语动词构成（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去） I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去） （二）表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等) （三）有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。 They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在这里已经工作五年了。 （四）大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去） 我一直在写一本书。 I have written a book.（动作已经完成） 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。 （五）表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 * I have been knowing. 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢， hate讨厌，等。 其构成形式如下： I / we / they have He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下： 1） 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如： Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 2) 表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如： It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下) Jack hasnt been feeling very well recently. 3) 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如： She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 4) 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如： Toms hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. 注意： 现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 在当代英语中，现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I havent been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好. He hasnt been working for me and I havent has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过，我和他没有过那许多接触。 主动语态与被动语态练习 用所给动词的适当语态填空。1. Her house _ last year. (sell)2. The book _ by a famous singer 30 years ago. (write)3. I _ to post the letter, but I forgot. (tell)4. He is a good teacher and _ by all of us. (love)5. He said that his wallet _ in the bus. (steal)6. Its a very interesting book. It _ very well. (sell)7. Its dangerous. Something must _ to stop them. (do)8. The war _ out in 1935. (break)9. English _ in every school here. (teach)10. The woman _ to enter the bank with a man just now. (see)11. Your clothes wants _. They are too dirty. (wash)12. You _ to the country to work next year. (send)13. You cant use the office. It _ now. (repair)14. More money should _ on the work. (spend)15. It _ that he had stolen the money. (believe)【参考答案】1. was sold 2. was written 3. was told 4. is loved 5. was stolen 6. sells 7. be done 8. broke 9. is taught 10. was seen 11. washing / to be washed 12. will be sent 13. is being repaired 14. be spent 15. was believed 现在完成时与现在完成进行时练习篇A. Correct the following sentences.1. All these years they are contributing articles to our magazine.2. I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon.3. What have you been doing before you left Oxford？4. Its a good job. Have you done it all by yourself?5. Its a long time since you come to see me.6. Alice didnt see much of Henry lately.7. Im glad to tell you that you passed the exam.B. Complete the following sentences with the right form of the verbs given.1. You know, I _ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.2. My sister _ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year.3. The little boy is dirty all over because he _ (play) in the mud all the morning.4. I _ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon.5. Here he is! We _ (wait) anxiously for him since last night. C. Make the best choices.1. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He _ for it for months. (2008江苏)A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing2. By the time he realizes he _ into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2008山东) A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked3. So far this year we _ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008福建) A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she _ English for a year. (2007湖南) A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 5. Danny _ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建) A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked6. I have got a headache. No wonder. You_ in front of that computer too long. (2007江西) A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked7. The unemployment rate in this district_ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. (2007上海) A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy _ going back to school，but she hasnt decided yet.(北京)A. had considered B