定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习.doc

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。e.g. She is the girl who talked to me yesterday. 名词性从句（Noun Clauses）-主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句中做主语、宾语、表语和同位语的成份。e.g. I dont know who she is. (宾语) This is why I came here.（表语）区别：第一，定语从句有先行词，且先行词可以放入后面的从句中使从句完整；名词性从句中的主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句没有先行词，同位语从句有先行词但在从句中不做成分。e.g. The news that they told me excited me. （the news可以放入从句中，使句子完整，即they told me the news） The news that our team won excited me.(the news无法放入从句中，所以是同位语从句）第二，在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语,修饰主句的某个名词性成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 第三，最关键也是最重要的区别：1.名词性从句和定语从句的最本质的不同点在于，前者在句子中做名词，而后者相当于形容词，修饰或限制名词或代词。名词性从句由that引导时，通常不充当从句的句子成分，故that可省去。但定语从句由that引导时，如在从句中充当主语时，则that不能省去。2.使用中最大的区别：定语从句由于在句子中只作定语，故去掉它，整个句子还完整，就像普通的句子去掉一个定语不影响原句的完整性一样。但名词性从句由于它们充当的是句子的骨干成分（主语，宾语或表语），故去掉它们，原句就不通了。如下面的A句，去掉了主语从句That he has become a rich man ，原句变成is known to all in our town。就失去了完整性。而B句，去掉定语从句部分that is on the desk后，原句变成The pen is mine还是通的。A：That he has become a rich man is known to all in our town .B：The pen that is on the desk is mine .【各个击破】名词性从句1He got angry with _she saidAthat Bwhich Cwhat D. all what2Cant you find out _ wrong with the TV set.Awhich Bthats Cwhats D. where is3. _ they will have a good harvest this year is still unknownAWhether BIf CWhich D. That4All the books are hereYou may borrow _ you likeAwhich Bthat Cwhat D. whichever5The news _ to Mount Tai during the summer holidays delighted all of us.Awe would go Bwhich we would go Cthat we would go D. would go6We could hardly understand _Awhat the man was talking about Bthat the man was talking aboutCwhat was the man talking about Dthe man was talking about what7_ is that I have promised to make friends with the dishonest girl.AThe only thing what I regret B. What I regret mostCAll what I really regret most D. What that I regret most8_ she is living now is not known to anybody.AWhat BWhen CWhere D. Why9This is _ the river has been pollutedAwhat Bwhy Cthat D. whether10That is _ he was born.Awhat Bthat Cwhere D. whether定语从句1This is the factory _ they visited the other dayAthat Bwhere Cto which Dwhat2Jeanne was her old friend，_ she borrowed a necklaceAfrom who Bfrom whom Cto that Dto whom3. This book is for the students _ native language is not EnglishAthat Bof whom Cwhose Dwho4Are you the man _ bicycle was stolen?Awho is Bwhose Chis Dof which the5. I dont like the way _ he spoke to me.A. what B. by which C. by that D. /6. He makes good use of the time _ he can spareAthat Bin which Cin that Dwhen7“Those _ to see the new film write down your names，please”Awant Bwho Cthat wants Dwho want8. Xiao Huang，_ your good friend, will try her best to help you outAwho is Bwho am Cthat am Dwhat is9. He has two Chinese-English dictionaries，_ were bought last weekAtwo of which Bboth of which Cboth of them Dall of whom10A saleswoman is _ sells goodsAa thing that Bsomething that Ca woman who Da woman what综合练习1. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one2. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. that B. where C. which D. the one3. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago?A. that B. where C. which D. the one4. The wolves hid themselves in the places _couldnt be found.A. that B. where C. in which D. in that5. The reason is _he is unable to operate the machine.A. because B. why C. that D. whether6. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.A. which B. when C. on which D. about which7. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives.A. which B. that C. who D. where8. He has two sons, _ work as chemists.A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom9. Who can think of a situation _ this idiom can be used?A. which B. that C. where D. in that10. _ people spend so much money on their pets _ us a lot.A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised11. The thought_ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wifeA. that B. what C. whether D. if12. _ we are doing has never been done before.A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether13._she couldnt understand was _fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lesson.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that14. What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A. when B. how C. whether D. why15._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who16. Go and get your coat. Its _you left it.A. there B. where C. there where D. where there17. No one