新理念英语综合教程1 unit6 words.doc

2.26 unit6Text A -words1.spread spredvt.(spread)伸开, 展开, 铺开, 摆开传播, 散布, 使扩大蔓延开去涂, 敷, 撒, 复盖把.分期, 使延长展开, 延伸 (金属等), 敲平展出, 展示详细记录, 详述, 登记布置, 安排spread out a map摊开地图spread tea on the table把茶点摆在桌子上spread news传播消息spread butter on bread (=spread bread with butter)在面包上涂奶油spread manure over a field在田里撒粪肥spread out the payments on the loan over eighteen months把借款分18个月还清spread resolutions upon the minutes把决议记录在记录本里spread the matter on the records把情况记录下来The bird spread its wings.鸟伸展翅膀。Flies spread diseases.苍蝇传染疾病。习惯用语give (sb.) a regular spread请(某人)吃酒席be spread for摆好(桌子)准备no end of a spread各种各样好吃的东西punish the spread大吃特吃What a spread!口多么丰盛的酒席啊!spread abroad文学地散布流传spread it on thick美俚夸大其词, 夸张; 奉承spreadit thick俚生活阔绰spread it thin俚生活困难spreadon铺敷在.上面spread oneself口舒展四肢(躺下)夸夸其谈, 舞文弄墨过分殷勤(待客)spread oneself thin口企图同时做很多事情而分散精力; 贪多嚼不烂spread out张开, 伸开, 铺开, 扩大张, 展开, 伸长spread over遍布在., 复盖在.伸延至spread out over分为(多少时间)付清spread to传到, 波及, 蔓延到spread with在.上面涂抹铺盖, 复盖同义词： disperse distribute extend scatter sprawl stretch out erpersonal adj.Eg:Interpersonal relationship3. Employment词缀：em-进入，加强语气，变成，变得，使成为，用.来做某事，饰以.，配以.，放进，放上make into, cause to be, in, using . for doing something; put into or on名词n. 就业，雇用the state of workingHe is looking for employment.他在找职业。full time employment全日工作long term employment长期受雇part time employment零活be in employment有工作be out of employment失业get employment就业offer employment for sb.给某人安排一个工作take a person into employment雇用某人throw many workers out of employment解雇许多工人4. Prudent形容词比较级：more prudent最高级：most prudent a.谨慎的,深谋远虑的形容词adj. 极小心的,慎重的,审慎的a prudent housewife细心的家庭主妇a prudent policy审慎的政策形容词adj. 对于做 慎重的,极小心的inHe is prudent in doing his duties.他对于执行自己的任务极为小心。形容词adj. 节俭的5. Elegant词缀：-ant处于.状态，进行.动作的物that is or does (something) a. 优雅的，优美的，精致的形容词adj. 穿着优美的；雅致的very well dressedShe has elegant manners.她举止文雅。an elegant lady一位文雅的女士形容词adj. 美丽，漂亮beautifulThe table was covered with an elegant lace cloth.桌上铺了一块饰有花边的漂亮桌布。an elegant vase漂亮的花瓶adj. 高雅的elaborateexquisiterefinedadj. 优美的；高雅的accomplishedaestheticagreeableamiablearistocraticartisticclassicalcourtlyculturedfinegloriousgracefulimposingmajesticplushpolishedrichsumptuoussuperiortastefulwealthyadj. 丑陋的；粗俗的inelegantuglyvulgar6.n. 烦恼,烦扰,恼怒,恼火同反义词同： n. aggravator, infliction, irritation, vexation参考例句1 Behavior that causes discomfiture or annoyance in another.恶作剧导致他人不适或恼怒的行为收藏2 The noisy traffic is a continual annoyance to the citizens.城里的交通噪声总是使城市居民烦恼。收藏3 Used to express disbelief or annoyance.用于表示不相信或愤怒收藏4 Used to express annoyance or irritation.讨厌！用于表达烦扰或恼怒收藏5 Used to express annoyance or mild irritation.用于表达烦恼或轻度恼怒收藏 more.7. Embarrassvt. 使困窘,使局促不安,阻碍时态：embarrassed,embarrassing,embarrasses副词：embarrassingly同反义词同： v. abash, block, blockade, hinder参考例句1 The subject is dreadfully embarrassing.谈的是一件十分骇人听闻的事。收藏2 Its sort of embarrassing.这有点叫人难堪。收藏3 Her husbands drunken behavior embarrassed her.她丈夫醉后的举止使她难堪。收藏4 Glozed over the embarrassing part.文饰尴尬的部分收藏5 She was embarrassed by his exhibitionism at the party.他在聚会上竭力表现自己使她感到很难堪.收藏 more.8. Generousa. 有雅量的,量大的,大量的,丰富的,慷慨的名词：generousness副词：generously同反义词反： a. meanspirited, stingy, ungenerous参考例句1 He poured in a generous splash of rye.他搀入了相当多的黑麦威士忌酒。收藏2 He was generous to everybody with money.他在金钱上对每个人都很大方。收藏3 His generous offer is not to be sniffed at.他的慷慨厚意不可嗤之以鼻.收藏4 He is generous to excess.他过于慷慨收藏5 He received generous remuneration for his services.他因服务而得到优厚的报酬。收藏 more.英英解释形容词解释：willing to give and share unstintinglyo a generous donation反 stingy, ungenerousnot petty in character and mindo unusually generous in his judgment of people反 meanspirited, ungenerous9. Appearancen. U出现,显露,来到,露面;C外貌参考例句1 There was a noticeable transformation in his appearance.他的容貌有了明显的变化。2 Dont judge by appearances appearances can be misleading.勿以外貌取人-外貌不可靠.3 We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.我们从他的样子可以察觉出他不快。4 The article made a detailed description of his appearance.文章对他的外貌写得很详细。5 He was to all outward appearances dead.他显然已经死了.10.luxuriousa. 豪华的,奢侈的,放纵的名词：luxuriousness副词：luxuriously同反义词同： a. deluxe, epicurean, gilded, luxuriant参考例句1 To take luxurious pleasure;indulge oneself.纵情享乐;放纵自己收藏2 A devotee to sensuous and luxurious living;an epicure.享乐主义者喜爱豪华奢侈生活的人;享乐主义者收藏英英解释形容词解释：displaying luxury and furnishing gratification to the senseso an epicurean banqueto enjoyed a luxurious suite with a crystal chandelier and thick oriental rugso Lucullus spent the remainder of his days in voluptuous magnificenceo a chinchilla robe of sybaritic lav同 epicurean, luxuriant, luxurious, sybaritic, voluptuary, voluptuousrich and superior in qualityo a princely sumo gilded dining rooms同 deluxe, gilded, grand, luxurious, opulent, princely, sumptuous11. Arroganta. 傲慢的,自大的副词：arrogantly同反义词同： a. chesty, self-important词义辨析haughty，proud，arrogant，vain这些形容词都有“骄傲的，傲慢的”之意。haughty较正式用词，多用于贬义。指对身份或地位比自己低的人采取冷淡、轻视或鄙互的态度。proud含义广，普通用词。褒义指自豪和荣耀以及强烈的自尊；贬义则指傲慢，自以为是或自鸣得意。arrogant用于贬义，指过高估计自己，以致骄傲自大或傲慢无礼，目中无人。vain指一个对自己的外表或对自己留给别的印象太过分地关注，以致自命不凡，自鸣得意。参考例句1 Presumptuous and insulting in manner or speech;arrogant.傲慢的举止或言辞傲慢的和侮辱的;傲慢的收藏2 Arrogant or proud; conceited.骄傲的傲慢的或骄傲的;自负的收藏英英解释形容词解释：having or showing feelings of unwarranted importance out of overbearing prideo an arrogant officialo arrogant claimso chesty as a peacock同 arrogant, self-important, chesty12. Cruela. 残忍的,残酷的比较级：crueler,crueller,cruelest,cruellest名词：cruelness副词：cruelly同反义词同： a. barbarous, brutal, fell, roughshod词义辨析cruel，brutal，inhuman，savage，barbarous，fierce，ruthless这些形容词都有“残忍的”，“野蛮的”之意。cruel一般用词，指行动或态度的残忍。brutal指极端的残忍，强调无情或缺乏同情心，含不择手段的意味。inhuman着重缺乏同情心、仁爱等人类特有的良好的品质。savage指缺乏文明人应有的教养，尤指在动怒或冲动时表现出的粗野蛮横，含野蛮意味。barbarous专指只有原始或未开化的人才会有的残忍行为。fierce指天性凶恶，令人害怕。ruthless与cruel同义。强调为达到目的，对别人的痛苦毫无怜悯之心。参考例句1 The cruel captain used a scourge on his disobedient sailor.那残忍的船长鞭打不服从命令的水手。收藏2 The parental discipline can be described as cruel kindness.父母的惩戒可以说是残酷的仁慈。收藏3 He got cruel corporal punishment in prison.他在狱中受了毒刑。收藏4 To coerce in an unsympathetic or cruel way.胁迫以不同情或残忍的方式胁迫收藏5 He is cruel and tyrannical.他既冷酷又残暴。收藏13. Scornfula. 轻蔑的时态：scorned,scorning,scorns名词：scornfulness形容词：scornful副词：scornfully同反义词同： a. contemptuous, disdainful, insulting参考例句1 He is scornful of honors.他对荣誉看得很轻。收藏2 Manifesting or feeling contempt;scornful.鄙视的表示轻蔑的或感觉不屑的;鄙视的收藏3 She withered him with a scornful look.她轻蔑的一瞥把他镇住了。收藏英英解释形容词解释：expressing extreme contempt同 contemptuous, disdainful, insulting, scornful14. Unconfidentadj.缺乏信心的,不确信的,犹豫的同反义词反： a. confident英英解释形容词解释：lacking or marked by a lack of confidence反 confident15. Intrevertedadj.内向的, 含蓄的, 闭关自守的同反义词同： a. introspective, self-examining反： a. extrospective, extroverted英英解释形容词解释：given to examining own sensory and perceptual experiences同 introspective, introverted, self-examining反 extrospective, extroverted16. Antisociala. 非社交的,不擅社交的,反社会的副词：antisocially同反义词同： a. asocial英英解释形容词解释：shunning contact with otherso standoffish and antisocialo hes not antisocial; go just shyhostile to or disruptive of normal standards of social behavioro criminal behavior or conduct that violates the rights of other individuals is antisocialo crimes.and other asocial behavioro an antisocial deed同 antisocial, asocial17. Vulgara. 粗俗的,庸俗的,普通的,通俗的,本土的名词：vulgarness副词：vulgarly同反义词同： a. coarse, common, crude, vernacular词义辨析vulgar，coarse，crude，gross这些形容词均含“粗鲁的，粗俗的”之意。vulgar侧重指对听者的冒犯，往往强调粗野，言行、趣味不高，缺乏教养。coarse指缺乏教养，言谈粗俗，举止粗野，可与vulgar换用。crude与vulgar同义，也指言谈举止粗俗，不文雅，缺乏教养。gross语气强烈，指粗鲁、无礼貌，令人讨厌。参考例句1 We should rid ourselves of the vulgar ways of logrolling.我们应当去掉相互吹捧的庸俗作风。收藏2 Cheaply or showily vulgar in appearance or nature;tawdry.俗艳的外表或本质粗俗表面却艳丽的;低俗的收藏3 Worthy of no respect; vulgar or contemptible.不值得尊敬的;粗鄙的或可鄙的.收藏4 His humour Bordered on the edge of being vulgar.他的幽默几近粗俗。收藏5 Showy in a tasteless or vulgar way.炫丽的无品味而庸俗地炫耀的收藏英英解释形容词解释：lacking refinement or cultivation or taste he had coarse manners but a first-rate mind behavior that branded him as common an untutored and uncouth human being an uncouth soldier-a real tough guy appealing to the vulgar taste for violence th同 coarse, common, rough-cut, uncouth, vulgarof or associated with the great masses of people the common people in those days suffered greatly behavior that branded him as common his square plebeian nose a vulgar and objectionable person the unwashed masses同 common, plebeian, unwashed, vulgarbeing or characteristic of or appropriate to everyday language common parlance a vernacular term vernacular speakers the vulgar tongue of the masses the technical and vulgar names for an animal species同 common, vernacular, vulgarconspicuously and tastelessly indecent coarse language a crude joke crude behavior an earthy sense of humor a revoltingly gross expletive a vulgar gesture full of language so vulgar it should have been edited同 coarse, crude, earthy, gross, vulgar18. Regardlessa. 不留心的,不注意的;不管,不顾ad. 无论如何,不管怎样名词：regardlessness副词：regardlessly同反义词同： r. disregarding, disregardless, irrespective, no matter a. careless参考例句1 Ill take the job regardless of the pay.不管报酬多少我都要这份工作。收藏2 Continues to work regardless.不顾后果地继续工作收藏3 I must make the decision regardless.不管怎样我得做决定。收藏英英解释副词解释：in spite of everything; without regard to drawbackshe carried on regardless of the difficulties同 disregarding, disregardless, irrespective, no matter, regardless形容词解释：(usually followed by of) without due thought or considerationcareless of the consequencescrushing the blooms with regardless tread同 careless, regardless19. Personalityn. 个性,人格,名人复数：personalities词义辨析temper，character，nature，personality，disposition，complexion这些名词均有“性格、气质、性情、习性”之意。temper指从感情方面体现出来，决定处理问题或应付形势的方式的性格或性情，这种性情可以是暂时的也可以长久的。character指对个性或人格所作出的客观评价，常常与道德有关。nature指天生的、不可改变性格。personality主要指一个人稳定的心理特征。disposition书面用词，指人的主要爱好或思想、精神方面的重要习性、气质。也可指短暂的情绪。complexion指由思维方式、态度和情绪所决定的本质特征。参考例句1 a passible type of personality.一个敏感型的人收藏2 She has a magnetic personality.她有迷人的风度。收藏3 Pride was the greatest flaw in his personality.傲慢是他品格上的最大缺陷.收藏4 Ray has a happy personality.雷伊为人性格快活。收藏5 His personality is complementary to hers.他的个性与她的相反相成.收藏英英解释名词解释：the complex of all the attributes-behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental-that characterize a unique individualtheir different reactions reflected their very different personalitiesit is his nature to help othersa person of considerable prominenceshe is a Hollywood personality20. Diligenta. 勤勉的,用功的副词：diligently同反义词同： a. persevering反： a. negligent词义辨析diligent，industrious这两个形容词均表示“勤奋的”之意。diligent多指为一定的目的或追求而勤奋。industrious指由习惯养成或天性形成的勤奋。参考例句1 She is diligent in her work.她工作十分勤奋。收藏2 He is both clever and diligent.他又聪明又用功。收藏3 They are diligent after a