新概念一册L1-4义.doc

精品应试新概念基础级上L14课讲义一语音知识Pronunciation 英语音标共48个，20个元音，28个辅音。 元音音标：发声时声带振动并且不受气流阻碍的音标。每个英语单词中至少要有一个元音音标。 : : : u : i u ei au u: i ai u 辅音音标：发音时声带可以振动也可以不振动，但是必须受到气流阻碍的音标。p t k f s t ts tr m n w b d g v z d dz dr l r h j语音练习1. _nt 蚂蚁 2. _lephant 大象 3. _x 斧子 4. l_t 让 5.h_t 帽子6. l_sson 课文 7. r_t 老鼠 8. _nd 最后 9. g_t 得到 10. b_t 蝙蝠11. l_ _ ve 12. b _ _ t 13. sl _ _ p 14. sh _ _ p 15. d _ _ l l _ veb _ t sl _ p sh _ p m _ ddle16. st _ ff 17. st _ _ 18. sm _ _ t 19. _ nswer 20. gu _ _ d二词汇拓展 words expending1) excuse v.原谅，谅解 Excuse me! 对不起，打扰一下！n.借口 No excuse. 没有理由。 No more excuse.别找借口。 2) yes 1. 降调回答表示“肯定： Is this your handbag? 这个是你的手提包吗？ Yes. 是的。2. 升调回答表示“什么事？”： Excuse me? Yes? Can I borrow your pen? Yes.3) me pron.我（宾格） Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌。4) this pron. 这个 “近指”与that相对5) handbag 拆分法记忆此单词：handball手球, handbill传单, handbook手册6) pardon 请再说一遍 Pardon？= I beg your pardon. 没听清别人的谈话后的疑问 表示惊讶7) Thank you very much 向别人表示感谢，我们也可说Thank you so much. 回答可用: Not at all Thanks a lot. It doesnt matter Many thanks. Dont mention it Thanks. Its my pleasure Thanks a millions. Sure 8) pen n.钢笔 pencil铅笔 ball pen圆珠笔 hair pencil毛笔 pen friend笔友 pencil box文具盒 pencil case文具袋 9) book n.课本，书 notebook练习本：This is my book.10) dress n.连衣裙11) umbrella n.雨伞 raincoat雨衣： Its raining, and I need an umbrella.12) please v.请（礼貌性用语）如：May I come in? Come in please! 13) here adv. 这里（地点副词，其前省略一切介词）如： Come here, go there14) number five五号,而不说five number可简写为 No.5 如： the bus No.102 102路公交车15) sorry adj. I am sorry 回答用 .It doesnt matter. .Thats ok .16) sir n.不管年龄多大都可用且不加姓氏对不认识的男子的尊称；也可用于书信中Dear sir: 17) cloakroom n. cloak披风,斗篷 传说佐罗引导了披风时代18) suit n. 衣服 套装（business suit西装）19) school n. 学校 （注意末尾音的读法 ）区分Go to school /go to the school20) teacher n. 老师 English teacher _音乐老师 _体育老师 21）son /daughter n. 儿子/女儿gh 不发音，注意和doctor辩音 I am the only son in my family.三语法Grammar.1Pardon，Excuse me，Sorry。当没听清楚别人的话语时 Pardon 当听到非常吃惊的事时在公共场合打喷嚏，打哈欠，咳嗽时 打断别人,引起他人注意时 借过，向陌生人问路时 Excuse me 在会议或宴席期间离开时问路时在公共场合打喷嚏，打哈欠，打嗝，咳嗽 两朋友正在聊天,而你想跟其中一位说话.则用 “Excuse me! May I ask you a question?” 当从别人身边走过,并想让别人让路时.则用 “Excuse me! Could you make some room for me please? ” 大家都在吃饭,你要起身上厕所，则用 “Excuse me! May I leave for a little while?” 你向别人打听路时，可用 “Excuse me! Could you tell me the way to the airport please?”如果在吃饭时你不小心把碗打翻，汤溅到别人身上时，或者不小心踩到别人的脚要用 “Sorry”。所以Excuse me用于事情发生之前的礼貌性用语.而Im sorry则用于事情发生之后的道歉性用语.近指疑问This is 句型 打电话时 介绍别人 离自己很近的东西,我们可用 “This is my book.” 相对较远处则用 That is 打电话时,自报家门可用 This is Jackie. 介绍别人互相认识可用 This is Bush. And this is Jay.在中如果我们有疑而问则用 Is this your book?2简单的否定句（系动词） 构成：把not加在系动词的后面Am not, is not =isnt, are not=arent例如：This is my handbag. 否定句 ：This is not my handbag. 再如：That is his watch.否定句 ：That is not his watch.比较not 与no1. not一般与助动词连用，否定谓语动词（常缩略为-nt）；no能用来表示否定的回答，而not不可以：She is not/isnt my mother. He can not/cant cry.2. no是一个否定的回答，即表示拒绝或不同意等，与yes构成相反的意义；no不能用来修饰谓语动词：-“Is she beautiful? ” “她漂亮吗？” -“Can you swim? ” “你会游泳吗？”-“No, she is very ugly. ” “不，她很丑。 ” -“No, I cant ” “不，我不会。” 数字的写法1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven 12 13 14 15 twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen3人称代词人称代词主语宾语形容词性物主代词我Imemy book你（们）youyouyour book(s)我们weusour book他们theythemtheir book他hehimhis book她sheherher book 它ititIts book 主语放句首，宾语放在动词后。如： I (主语) like（动词：喜欢）you（宾语).形容词性物主代词，简单记忆“谁的”，不能单独使用，后面要加名词如： my watch / your dress / his cup / her pen四 练习Exercise：1选择正确的词填空。 Choose the best answers。 Excuse me Sorry Pardon Thank you You dont hear something very much, what do you say? Someone give you something, how do you thank him or her ? You want to speak to someone, what do you say first? _1. ！Can I borrow your pencil? Sure, here you are. A Sorry B Excuse me C Pardon D Thank you2. _! I am late(迟到) A Sorry B Excuse me C Pardon D Thank you3. Here you are Thank you very much _ A Youre welcome B Im sorry C Thank you ,too D Thank you 4. Look at the nice girl. _? Look at the nice girl. A Yes B Sorry C Excuse D Pardon5. Your T-shirt is very nice. (07郴州市中考题)-_ A. All right B. Good idea C. Thank you D Pardon2 Exercise： 1. _ that your coat ? A are B Is C Are D am 2. Excuse me ! Yes ? Is this your skirt ? _ A Yes, it isnt B No, it is C No, its D Yes, it is 3. This is your dress.(变为否定句) This is _ your dress A no B not C dont D none3Exercise 1. Is this_ watch? A you B your C he D she 2. Excuse me, _ pen is broken. (07湘潭市中考题) A. my B. I C. me D.mine 3. Who is the boy over there? (07北京市中考题) _ is my brother. A. He B. His C.Him D.Hes 4. Do you know about David? (07武汉中考题) Yes, I know _ very well. A. he B. him C.his D. her5. Tom, please pass _ the glass. I want to read the newspapers.