2017 高考英语新增词含例句.doc

2017年上海高考英语新增词义和新增词汇总1. border bd n.（某物的）边；边界 v.形成.的边界；成为.界线；接界（on/upon）l Soldiers had temporarily closed the border between the two countries. 士兵们临时封锁了两国之间的边境线。l Tall trees bordered the road. 成排的高大树木成为道路的界线。l The colleges that border the river all have their own boats for the students. 以河为界的大学都有为他们自己的学生们用的船。l China borders on the Pacific Ocean. 中国与太平洋毗连。2. branch br:nt n.树枝，分枝，分店，分部，分行 vi. 分支，分叉 vt. 使分支l Hisspecialtywaspsychology-oneimportantbranchonthegreattreeof knowledge.他的专业是心理学，这是知识之树上的一个重要分枝。l Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.沿着大道走到分岔地方再向左拐。l The bookshop has decided to branch out into selling software and electronic publications.那家书店已经决定扩大经营范围,销售软件和电子出版物。l He branched his treatment of the problem into three equal parts.他把他的问题分成三个相等的部分处理。3.breast brest n. 胸部，乳房 vt. 把胸部对着，挺胸迎而上；面对；（赛跑运动员）以胸撞（线）l Thepresidentbeathisbreastandcalledthatdealamistake.总裁捶胸顿足，称那是个错误的交易。l LungcancerhasnowovertakenbreastcancerasacauseofdeathforwomenintheUS肺癌现在已经取代乳腺癌成为美国女性的一大杀手。l I think theybreastthe tape at the same time.我认为他俩是同时撞线的。l He breasted every trouble as it came.他勇敢地迎接每个困难。4.bright a. 明亮的，鲜亮的; 聪明的;机灵的，头脑灵活的l Shepaintedherfingernailsbrightred.她把指甲涂成了亮红色。l IcameintocontactwithverybrightHarvardandYalestudents我接触到一些非常聪明的哈佛和耶鲁的学生。5. build v. 建筑，建造；发展；积聚；增长 n. 体型，体格，体态l Theencouragementthatyoungboysreceivebuildsagreaterself-confidence小男孩受到的鼓励会增强他们的自信心。l Dr.JohnsonandIhavebeentryingtobuildhimupphysically.约翰逊医生和我一直试图增强他的体质。l The tension in that story builds up toward a climax.那个故事的紧张状态逐步发展到了高潮。l I wanted a more athletic build. 我想拥有更加健壮的身材。l They are of the same build. 他们的体形相同。6. burn bn vi. 燃烧，发热 vt. 燃烧 n. 燃烧；烧伤，灼伤，烫伤l Thefirewhichlightswarms usata distancewillburnuswhennear.火在远处是明灯，火在近处烧灼人。l Tell him to put cold water on theburn.告诉他,在烧伤处敷凉水。7. complex kmpleks a. 组合的，复杂的 n. 综合体，集合体，复合体l Originally,Hatfieldhadbeenintendedasaleisurecomplex.最初，哈特菲尔德是准备建成一个休闲娱乐中心的。l Ourcultureismorecomplexthanheknows.Wheelswithinwheels.我们的文化比他所知道的要复杂得多，相当庞杂。8.congestion kndestn n. 拥挤，堵塞l Theproblemsoftrafficcongestionwillnotdisappearinahurry交通拥堵问题不会一下子就消失。l Congestioncouldbecounteredbypersuadingmoredriverstogetontheirbikes通过劝说更多的驾车者改骑自行车可以缓解交通拥堵。9.couple n.一对，一双，夫妻，情侣 v. 连接，结合，使成对，把.联系起来l Itonlylastedacoupleofyears,asfarasIknow据我所知，它仅仅维持了两三年。l Owningaplaceoftheirownisadreamcometrueforthecouple.这对夫妇拥有了自己的房子，终于梦想成真了l Overuseofthosedrugs,coupledwithpoordiet,leadstophysicaldegeneration过量使用那些药物再加上饮食缺乏营养，导致健康状况恶化。10.crown kran n.王冠，国王，王位 v. 为加冕，给.戴上（花冠），授予.（以荣誉等）(with)l ElizabethwascrownedinWestminsterAbbeyon2June1953伊丽莎白于1953年6月2日在威斯敏斯特大教堂加冕。l When the trees are crowned with leaves, it means spring is coming. 当树叶挂满枝头,意味着春天的到来。11.detai di:tel n. 细节v. 详述，详细说明，列举l Nodetailsofthediscussionshavebeengiven没有透露讨论的细节。l Weexaminethewordingindetailbeforedecidingonthefinaltext.我们彻底仔细地检查了措词后才最终定稿。l Thereportdetailedthehumanrightsabusescommittedduringthewar.这份报告详述了战争期间所发生的践踏人权的情况。l Could youdetailall your expenses on this form?请把你的各项开支列举在这张表格上，好吗？12.dye da n. 染料 vt.给.染色 vi.被染色l Hebrushedthewallwithreddye.他用红漆刷墙。l He dyed the dress blue.他把衣服染成蓝色。l Maybe you could dye that skirt to match your blouse.也许你可以给那条裙子染色，使之与你的衬衫相配。l Thismaterialdoesnotdyewell.这料子不好染。13.emission imn n.（光，热，液体，气味等的）发出，散发l Thisistheonlyzero-emissioncaronthemarket.这是现在市场上绝无仅有的“零排放”车型。l Theemissionofgasessuchascarbondioxideshouldbestabilisedattheirpresentlevel二氧化碳等气体的排放应该稳定在当前水平。l Thisemissionofheatiscompletelyindependentoftemperatureandpressure.这热的散发全然不受温度和压力的影响。14. exhaust gz:st vt. 耗尽，使筋疲力尽；排空 vi. 排除气体，排空n. （废气、废液等的）排出；（排出的）废气，废液l Wehaveexhaustedallourmaterialresources我们已经耗尽了所有的物资。l Caring for young children canexhaustyou physically and mentally.照顾小孩子会使你身心疲惫。l Theyhadtoexhaustthewaterofthewell.他们不得不抽干井里的水。l Industrialexhaustmustbewelltreated.工业废气必须妥善处理。l Effective measures have been taken to preventexhaustpollution.业已采取有效措施以防止废气污染。15. extinguish kstgw vt.熄灭，扑灭（火等）l Ittookabout50minutestoextinguishthefire大约花了50分钟才把火扑灭。l ThemessageextinguishedherhopesofRichardsreturn.那条消息使她对理查德归来的希望彻底破灭。16.government n. 政府，政体，治理，管理l The first four years ofgovernmentwere completely disastrous.前4年的执政管理彻底失败。17.gym n.（口）体操馆，健身馆，体育，体操 18. initial a 开始的，最初的 n. 首字母19. paper n. 纸，报纸，试卷，文件 20. permit vt. 允许，许可 n.许可证，执照，通行证，许可，准许l Noentrancewithoutapermit. 没有许可证不准入内。l Thedefencedepartmentisresponsibleforthesigningandissuingofthistypeoftravelpermit.这种通行证由国防部负责签发。21. perspective pspektv n. 透视画法，透视图，远景，景观，视角，观点，想法l Oneormoreviewsmakeupaperspective.一个或多个视图可组成一个透视图l Youcanseeitfromanewperspective.你可以从一个新的视角了解它。l Itsthecollisionofdifferentideasthataltersonesperspective是迥然不同的观点之间的碰撞改变了人们的看法。22. philosophy n. 哲学，哲理，（学科等的）基本原理l Energyconservationasaphilosophywasbornoutofthe1973oilcrisis.能源节约的理念产生于1973年的石油危机。l Theyhadlittleornoacquaintancewithphilosophyorhistory他们在哲学或是历史方面几乎一无所知。l Thereismuchphilosophyinit.这其中大有哲理。23. post n. 柱vt. 张贴（通知，公告等）；（在网上）公布，发布24.revolutionary a. 革命的，大变革的，旋转的，绕转的25. save vt. 搭救，节省，储蓄，（计）保存（文件）26.society n. 社会，社交界，社团，协会27.spell vt. 拼写，用字母拼，招致l Delayspellslosses；Lazinessspellsfailure.拖延招致损失；懒惰招致失败。 28.spot n. 点子，斑点，污渍，地点 vt. 使有污渍，玷污，发现，辨认，认出l Theyfoundaspotonarockyplatformwheretheycouldpitchtheirtents.他们在一块岩石平台上找到了一个可以搭帐篷的地方。l Jameswascalledtoseetheproducerandgotthejobonthespot詹姆斯被叫去见制片人，当场就得到了那份工作。l Be careful!Do notspotthe cleancurtain.小心，不要把洁白的窗帘弄脏了l Heleftthepartysecondsbeforesmokewasspottedcomingupthestairs.就在他离开聚会几秒钟后有人发现烟雾顺着楼梯冒上来了l Althoughwecaneasilyspotanddescribethefeaturesthatmakesomeonewise,defining wisdomis more difficult.尽管我们可以很轻易的认出并且描绘出事物的特点，那显示一个人很聪明，但是要给Wisdom（明智）下个定义还是很难的。29. spring n. 春天，春季；跳跃，反弹，弹簧；泉，源泉vi. 跳，跃；反弹l Shelaidaspringmattressunderthesheet.她在床单下面铺了一个弹簧床垫。l Dreamis aflower,lifeisthe soilandsincerityisthespringwater!理想是花朵，生活是土壤，真诚是泉水。l Thehotspringresortwhichissurrounded byLingnansceneryhasthreeluxurioushotels.这个温泉胜地有三座豪华宾馆，四周是岭南景色。l WheneverIsat,itwouldspringuponmyknees 只要我一坐下,它就跳到我膝盖上30. staff n. 全体职员，全体雇员，（学校的）教职员工 vt . 为配备职员（或教员等），担任.的职员（或教员等）l Anumberofprofessionalstaffareemployedformostprojects.大多数项目都雇用了大量专业员工.l Thecenterisstaffedwithhighlytrainedphysicians该中心配备了训练有素的医生。31. stand n. 立场l Sometimestheyactup andforceyouto takeastand.有时候他们采取行动迫使你有自己的立场32. subject sbdkt n. 学科，科目，主题，题材 sbdekt vt. 使服从，使经受，使遭遇，使易受（to）l The banditssubjectus to all sort of indignity.强盗们对我们加以各种侮辱。l He tried to subject the whole family to his will.他试图使全家人服从他的意愿.l Japan is a country which is subjected to frequent earthquakes.日本是一个地震频发的国家33. subscribe sbskrab vt. 认捐，捐助，赞助，签（名），署（名）vi. 认捐，捐赠；认购，订阅（报刊等）l Wesubscribetoananimalprotectionsociety.她捐款给一个动物保护协会。l Countriesareundernoobligationtosubscribeto the contract. 这些国家无权签署这个协议。l Youcansubsc