数字图像实验报告.doc

数 字 图 像 处 理 实验报告 学 部： 信 息 学 部 专业班级： 09电信（三）班 姓 名： 陈 刚 学 号： 090102031102 指导老师： 胡 广 义 2012年6月8日例4.4 位图切割I=imread(76.jpg);imshow(I);I=double(I);M,N=size(I);for k=1:8 J=zeros(M,N); for i=1:M for j=1:N temp=I(i,j); s1=0;s2=0; range=k:-1:1; for d=range s1=2(8-d)+s1;s2=2(8-d+1); if temp=s1&temps2; J(i,j)=255;break; end end end end J=uint8(J); figure;imshow(J);end例4.11 使用中值滤波降低图像噪声I=imread(57.jpg);J=imnoise(I,salt & pepper,0.02);subplot(121);imshow(J);title(含有椒盐噪声的图像)J=double(J);f=fft2(J);g=fftshift(f)M,N=size(f);n=3;d0=20n1=floor(M/2)n2=floor(N/2)for i=1:M for j=1:N d=sqrt(i-n1)2+(j-n2)2) h=1/(1+(d/d0)(2*n); g(i,j)=h*g(i,j); endendg=ifftshift(g);g=uint8(real(ifft2(g);subplot(122);imshow(g);例4.16 同态滤波的增强效果J=imread(416.jpg);subplot(121);imshow(J);J=double(J);f=fft2(J);g=fftshift(f);M,N=size(f);d0=10;r1=0.5;rh=2c=4;n1=floor(M/2);n2=floor(N/2);for i=1:M for j=1:N d=sqrt(i-n1)2+(j-n2)2); h=(rh-r1)*(1-exp(-c*(d.2/d0.2)+r1; g(i,j)=h*g(i,j); endendg=ifftshift(g);g=uint8(real(ifft2(g);subplot(122);imshow(g);例5.3 逆滤波与威纳滤波的比较F=checkerboard(8);figure(1);imshow(F,);PSF=fspecial(motion,7,45);MF=imfilter(F,PSF,circular);noise=imnoise(zeros(size(F),gaussian,0,0.001);MFN=MF + noise;figure(2);imshow(MFN,);NSR=sum(noise(:).2)/sum(MFN(:).2);figure(3);imshow(deconvwnr(MFN,PSF),);figure(4);imshow(deconvwnr(MFN,PSF,NSR),);例5.7 顺序统计滤波器比较f=imread(57.jpg);figure(1);imshow(f);title(原始图像);g=imnoise(f,salt & pepper,0.2);figure(2);imshow(g);title(椒盐噪声污染的图像);g1=double(g)/255;j1=medfilt2(g1,symmetric);figure(3);imshow(j1);title(中值滤波图像);j2=ordfilt2(g1,median(1:3*3),ones(3,3),symmetric);figure(4);imshow(j2);title(中点滤波图像);j3=ordfilt2(g1,1,ones(3,3);figure(5);imshow(j3);title(最小值滤波图像);j4=ordfilt2(g1,9,ones(3,3);figure(6);imshow(j4);title(最大值滤波图像);例6.9 灰度级-彩色变换法的MATLAB实现I=imread(69.jpg);I=double(I);M,N=size(I);L=256;for i=1:M for j=1:N if I(i,j)L/4 R(i,j)=0; G(i,j)=4*I(i,j); B(i,j)=L; else if I(i,j)=L/2 R(i,j)=0; G(i,j)=L; B(i,j)=-4*I(i,j)+2*L; else if I(i,j)=3*L/4 R(i,j)=4*I(i,j)-2*L; G(i,j)=L; B(i,j)=0; else R(i,j)=L; G(i,j)=-4*I(i,j)+4*L; B(i,j)=0; end end endendendfor i=1:M for j=1:N G2C(i,j,1)=R(i,j); G2C(i,j,2)=G(i,j); G2C(i,j,3)=B(i,j); endendG2C=G2C/256;figure;imshow(G2C);例7.11 DM编码的MATLAB实现function y=DMencode(x,a,delt)X=14 15 14 15 13 15 15 14 20 26 27 28 27 27 29 37 47 62 75 77 78 79 80 81 81 82 82function t=entropy(X)t=entropy(X)a=1;delt=6.5;y=DMencode(X,a,delt);XX=DMdecode(y);ax=0:1:26X2,Y2=STAIRS(ax,XX)plot(X2,Y2,k,ax,X,k)error(nargchk(1,3,nargin)if nargin3delt=6.5if nargin0qe(i,j)=delt;elseqe(i,j)=-delt;endff(i,j)=p(i,j)+qe(i,j);end endy=qe;function x=DMdencode(y,a)error(nargchk(1,2,nargin);if nargin2a=1;endm,n=size(y);x=zeros(m,n+1);for j=1:njj=j+1;x(:,jj)=y(:,j)+a.*x(:,(jj-1);endx=x(:,1+1:end);运行结果如下：X = Columns 1 through 19 14 15 14 15 13 15 15 14 20 26 27 28 27 27 29 37 47 62 75 Columns 20 through 27 77 78 79 80 81 81 82 82例7.14 基于FFT的图像压缩技术cr=0.5;I1=imread(lena.bmp);I1=double(I1)/255;figure(1);imshow(I1);fftcoe=blkproc(I1,8 8,fft2(x);coevar=im2col(fftcoe,8 8,distinct);coe=coevar;y,ind=sort(coevar);m,n=size(coevar);snum=64-64*cr;for i=1:ncoe(ind(1:snum),i)=0;endB2=col2im(coe,8 8,512 512,distinct);I2=blkproc(B2,8 8,ifft2(x);figure(2);imshow(I2);e=double(I1)-double(I2);m,n=size(e);erms=sqrt(sum(e(:).2)/(m*n)例9.5 灰度图像便捷跟踪function g=boundary_trace2(f);f=imread(95.jpg);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(f);title(原始图像)g=im2double(f);w=fspecial(laplacian,0);g=imfilter(g,w,replicate);h=boundary_tracr2(g)subplot(1,2,2);imshow(h);title(边界跟踪结果)cell _ cp=0,1,-1,1,-1,0,-1,-1,0,-1,1,-1,1,0,1,1;cell _ n=-1,1,1,1,0,1;-1,0,0,1,-1,1;-1,-1,-1,1,-1,0; 0,-1, .-1,0,-1,-1;1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1;1,0,0,-1,1,-1;1,1,1,-1, .1,0;0,1,1,0,1,1;f=padarray(f,1,1,0,both);boundaryval= -1000;maxval=max(f(:);rv,cv=find(f=maxval);s=rv(1),cv(1);p=s;minval=min(f(:);t=(maxval+minval)/2;f(s(1),s(2)=boundaryval;g=f(s(1)-1:s(1)+1,s(2)-1:s(2)+1);maxval+max(g(:);v,cv=find(g=maxval);c=p+rv(1)-2,cv(1)-2;done=f(c(1),c(2)t;f(s(1),s(2)=-boundaryval;whiledone f(c(1),c(2)=boundaryval; c_p=c-p; for dir=1:length(cell_cp) if cell_cpdir=c_p break; end end maxval=boundaryval; for i=1;size(cell_n,2) n2=c+cell_ndir,i; if(maxvalf(n2(1),n2(2) maxval=f(n2(1),n2(2); n=n2; end end if(f(n(1),n(2)t|n=s) done=ture; break; end p=c; c=n;end %whilebi=find(f=boundaryval);f(:)=0;f(bi)=1;f(s(1),s(2)=1;f=f(2:end-1.2:end-1);g=im2bw(f);(95.jpg)此题没运行出来例9.9 用wateshed算法分割图像f=imread(cameraman.tif);subplot(2,2,1);imshow(f);title(a)原始图像);subplot(2,2,2); f=double(f);hv=fspecial(prewitt);hh=hv.;gv=abs(imfilter(f,hv,replicate);gh=abs(imfilter(f,hh,replicate);g=sqrt(gv.2+gh.2); subplot(2,2,2);L=watershed(g);wr=L=0;imshow(wr);title(b)分水岭);f(wr)=255;subplot(2,2,3);imshow(uint8(f);title(c)分割结果); rm=imregionalmin(g);subplot(2,2,4);imshow(rm);title(d)局部极小值);例 9.10 用改过的watershed算法分割图像f=imread(cameraman.tif);subplot(2,3,1);imshow(f);title(a)原始图像)f=double(f);hv=fspecial(prewitt);hh=hv.;gv=abs(imfilter(f,hv,replicate);gh=abs(imfilter(f,hh,replicate);g=sqrt(gv.2+gh.2);subplot(2,3,2);df=bwdist(f);imshow(uint8(df*8);title(b)原图像的距离变换)L=watershed(df);em=L=0;subplot(2,3,3);imshow(em);title(c)标记外部约束)im=imextendedmax(f,20);subplot(2,3,4);imshow(im);title(d)标记内部约束)g2=imimposem