25课笔记.doc

博阳外语培训学校新概念英语第二册随堂笔记 Lesson 25 Do the English speak English? 1、Do the English speak English?_Chinese _(be) _ great, hardworking people.“用定冠+表示国籍的形容词”可泛指整个民族或国人。_English _(have)long trade relations with China.定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，“那/这个”，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。用在惯用语中：in the morning (afternoon，evening),the day after tomorrow,the next morning,in the sky (sea, field, country, dark, rain)in the distance, in the middle (of), at /in the end, on the whole, by the way,go to the theatre /cinemamake the bed, tell the truth1）上文提到过的人或事： He bought a car. Ive seen the car. 2）指双方都明白的人或物： Take the medicine. Close the door.3）与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人： the rich / living / wounded / learned4）用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人： the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)5) 用在职业的名词所有格之前,表示地点 at the doctors / tailors / butchers at my uncles / Mr Greens6）用在国籍前，表全体 the Chinese7）用在发明物前 Who invented the light bulb?8）用在表示乐器的名词之前： She plays the piano / guitar / violin.9）用在序数词和形容词最高级前面， 形容词only, very, same前面： I live on the second floor. Thats the very thing Im looking for. 强调 “两者中较的一个” Mary is the taller of the two girls.10）世上独一物二的天体,多数地理名词前： the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth the Yellow River, the Sahara Desert the Pacific Ocean, the Rocket Mountain 西湖、长江、11）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、建筑物等名称前（旅馆、剧院、车站、学校、宫殿、博物馆等） 中华人民共和国、美国、联合国、长城、白宫、共产党、佛山宾馆 the Great Wall, the White House, the Communist Party, the Foshan Hotel12) 用在单数时间名词、计量单位前,构成 by the + n. 表示“按计算” He is paid by the hour / by the day. Apples are sold by the kilo.13) 用在表示身体部位的名词前： She caught me by the arm. He hit her _ the face /eye /stomach. She struck him _ the back /shoulder. 14) 用在中国传统节日前 the Spring Festival 中秋节、端午节零冠词的用法1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词2) England，Mary2)泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；They are teachers. 3)抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词Failure is the mother of success.4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Man cannot live without water.5）在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前 on Monday, in summer, at Christmas, Teachers Day, 儿童节,劳动节 6)在称呼或表示官衔,职位名词前 General Lee, 王医生,李教授,毛主席 John was elected chairman of the Student Union。7)在三餐、球类、棋、牌类活动的名称前 have breakfast，at lunch， play chess / card / basketball 8) 当by 与交通工具连用by bus / train9)有些个体名词不用冠词；如： school, college, prison, market, church, hospital, bed, table, class, town, court 直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义 go to hospital / go to the hospital go to town / work / school /college ill in _ bed, at _ table, in _ class, 10)turn + n. (单数), 表示 “变成,成为” He turned doctor at the age of 25. He became a doctor at the age of 25.例1.He gave my sister useful book yesterday.A. an B. a C. / D the例2.My brother is honest boy， so he has many friends.A. a B. an C. the D /例3.More college graduates would like to work in west part of country next year.A. the; the B. /; / C. /; the D. the; /例4.There is a big tree the house.A. in the front of B. in front of C. in front D. at class例5.Jim always answers the teachers questions _.A. in class B. in the class C. after class D. at class1. There is _ apple on the desk.A. a B .the C. an D /2. The girl under _ tree is my sister.A. a B .the C .an D /3. Mary is from _ USA.A. a B. the C. an D /4. He met _ friend of his on the road.A. a B .the C .an D /5. Mr Black will go back to England_.A .by air B .by a plane C. by trains D. at a train6.Yesterday I went to work on foot.A. /， / B /， the C .the， / D. the， the7.There is “h” in the word “hour”， but “h”doesnt make a sound.A. a， a B. a， the C. the， ，an D .an. the8.Im going to see my mother. She is ill _.A. in hospital B. in the hospital C. in a hospital D. at a hospital9. We have three meals day. We have breakfast at 6：30 in morning every day.A. the， the， theB. the， /， theC. a， /， the D .a， the， the10.This is film Ive told you about several times.Its great. Ive never seen _ more moving one.A. a， a B. the， the C. the， a D. a， the11.Tina，could you please play piano for me while Im singing？With pleasure.A .a B. an C. the D. /12.I want to try again. Please give me third chance again.A .a B. theC. an D. /13. Whats the matter with you？I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed.A. a; / B. a; theC. a; a D. the; the 14. sun is shining brightly.A. A B. AnC. The D. / 15. Swimming is in summer.A. a great fun B. great fun C. great funs D. great a fun 2、I arrived in London at last.arrive/ get/ reach用法辨析 At last the train arrived at Green Park station.arrive at 到达，达到You must arrive at the airport two hours early. 一般情况下，arrive at后面接的地点相对较小，而arrive in 后面的地点相对较大。Flight number BA 4793 will arrive in London at 16.50. 表示“到达” get to = reach = arrive in/at 后面接表示地点的名词。 但三组词有区别: reach可以接表示地点的副词，如：here, there, home等。 get to后面接这些副词，要去掉to。 arrive in/at后面接地点副词，应去掉in/at。He reached home at half past eight last night. =He got there at half past eight last night. =He arrived there at half past eight last night. 应注意,如果动词之后不指到达什么地方时,一般只用arrive, 不用reach和get to When we arrived, it was raining hard. 3、I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter.常见用法 1.当way表示“方法”时，一般用the way to do something或the way of doing something的结构。 2.当way表示“方式” I dont like the way that she is dressed. 我不喜欢她的着衣方式。in this way 用这种方法1)way(意为“方法”)经常不用介词。例如：I think youre putting it together (in) the wrong way.我认为你把它装错了。Do it any Way you like. 你爱怎么干就怎么干。在有关从句的句子里，我们在way后面常用that来代替in which。例如：I like the way (that) she organized the meeting. 我喜欢他组织会议的方法。2)way后面可跟“带to的动词不定式”结构，也可跟“of+ -ing”结构。两者之间没有重要区别。例如：Theres no way to prove he was stealing money. 无法证明他在偷钱。Theres no way of proving he was stealing money.无法证明他在偷钱。3)不要混淆in the way和on the way：in the way是用来谈障碍-阻止你到想去的地方的人或物；on the way意为“在途中”。试比较：Please dont stand in the kitchen door-youre in the way.请不要站在厨房门口-你挡了我的路。Lets not stop too often on the way. 咱们别老在途中停留了。I. 选择最佳答案。1. Can you tell me the best way of_out this problem?A. workB. workingC. to workD. worked2. _his way home from school he met an old friend.A. InB. ByC. OnD. Along3. _the way, can you tell me where the station is?A. On B. InC. By D. With4、I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.not only but as well连词在句中的作用是把词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来。它不能在句中单独作句子成分。 并列连词和从属连词的用法：连词是连结单词、短语、从句或句子的虚词， 在句子中不单独作句子成份。连词按其性质可分为：1、并列连词 如：and, or, but, for, 等， 连接并列的词与词，短语与短语，句子与句子。如：Rice and potatoes are common foods. （词与词）Today we can travel by plane. （短语与短语）Many trees lose their leaves in winter, but evergreen trees do not. （ 句子与句子）关联连词是一类成对使用的连词。bothand(两者都） notbut.（不是而是）not onlybut also not onlybut as welleitheror（或者或者；要么要么） neithernor（既不也不）Conclusion:not only but also . either. or 动词就近原则 neither. nor. both. and 动词用复数 as well as 动词由第一主语决定together withe.g. 1.Neither he nor I _ (be) a teacher.2. Either he or we _ (be) wrong. 3. Both Mary and Tom _ (like) to play the piano.4. Tom as well as his classmates _(be) going on a picnic tomorrow.5、He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.neithernor 既不，也不Neither the boss nor his secretary is flying to New York.用于连接两个表示并列关系的名词，用于否定两者，其意为“既不也不”、“和都不”。汉译英： 天气既不太冷也不太热。 男孩子和女孩子对此都不感兴趣。玛丽既不喜欢数学也不喜欢历史。6.I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language.All of the students each_(have)an English dictionaryeach是每一个的意思，但与every不同，each用于指两个或两个以上的人或物，着重于个别概念 Two men came into the room. Each carried an umbrella. Each book on this