本科毕业论文-论《与狼共舞》中狼的象征意义.doc

三亚学院本科生毕业论文论与狼共舞中狼的象征意义分 院： 外国语学院专 业（方 向）： 英语（旅业商务）年 级、班 级： 0804学 生 学 号： 0810311160学 生 姓 名： 付烁指 导 老 师： 刘沙沙 2012年 5 月 10 日An Analysis on the Symbolic Image of the Wolf in Dances with WolvesThesis Submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of ArtsFu ShuoNo. 0810311160English DepartmentForeign Languages SchoolSanya University May 2012独创性申明及授权书本人所呈交的毕业论文是我个人在指导教师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的成果。除特别加以标注的地方外，论文中不包含其他人的研究成果。本论文如有剽窃他人研究成果及相关资料等不实之处，由本人承担一切相关责任。本人的毕业论文中所有研究成果的知识产权属三亚学院所有。本人保证：发表或使用与本论文相关的成果时署名单位仍然为三亚学院，无论何时何地，未经学校许可，决不转移或扩散与之相关的任何技术或成果。学校有权保留本人所提交论文的原件或复印件，允许论文被查阅或借阅；学校可以公开本论文的全部或部分内容，可以采用影印、缩印或其他手段复制保存本论文。加密学位论文解密之前后，以上申明同样适用。论文作者签名： 年 月 日ContentsAcknowledgements 1Abstract (in Chinese) 2 Abstract (in English) 3Chapter I. Introduction 4A. Significance of the study 4B. Thesis statement 45C. Terms and definitions 5D. Organization of the thesis 6Chapter II. The wolf Double Socks 72.1 The relationship between Dunbar and the wolf 7A. Watching and doubting 7B. Acceptance and trust 7C. Intimacy and love 79D. Loyalty and integration 92.2 The symbolic image of the wolf 9A. A company of Dunbar 10B. A signal tower of Sioux 10C. A bridge between Dunbar and theSioux 11D. The compelled Indians during Westward Movement 12Chapter III. The harmonious coexistence of man and nature 1213Chapter IV. Conclusion 1314Bibliography 15AcknowledgmentsFirst and foremost, I would like to avail myself of the opportunity to express my gratitude to Miss Liu Shasha, my tutor, who has taken her precious time off from her tight schedule, reading my thesis carefully and offering me constant encouragement, valuable suggestions and enlightening instructions, which contribute to the completion of my thesis. I would also like to acknowledge my indebtedness to all the instructors who have contributed their time, thoughts, skills, and encouragement to their thesis.I am also grateful to all the classmates and friends who have given me generous supports and helpful advice in the past few years. Finally, I wish to devote this paper to my beloved family, who have given me life and love, and have been supporting me all the time.摘要 在经济社会日益发展的今天，人类在越来越重视物质社会的发展的同时反而忽视了精神文明建设。人与人之间的心理隔阂正在拉开，人与人之间相互失去信任，不能共处一室和谐相处，社会正在畸形发展的轨道上运转。社会上的每个个体以及个体的特征应该受到尊重，实现社会多样性的共存。本论文通过分析与狼共舞中狼对邓巴从观望、疑惑到信任、亲密的过程揭示出邓巴与苏族人相处从怀疑到接受再到彼此信任并融为一体的故事。而邓巴荣获的苏族人名字“与狼共舞”则暗示着来自现代文明世界的白人与印第安人充满野性与自然精神的文化可以实现的一种互补式的和谐。最后以野狼的忠诚信任和苏族人不惜一切营救邓巴的举动与白人士兵的兽性形成了鲜明的对比，进而深化本片主题，即：突出人与人友好平等、和平共处的重要性。 关键词：狼；象征意义；和谐共处；西进运动AbstractWith the rapid development of economy, spiritual development has been ignored. Psychological barriers among people are being formed, and people lose trust in each other. They can not get along in harmony and the whole society is running in the wrong way. Each person and his personalities should be respected so as to achieve diversity coexistence.This paper tells a story about how Dunbar got along with the Sioux by illustrating the relationship development between the wolf and Dunbar: watching and doubting; trust and love. And the fact that Dunbar was awarded the Sioux name “Dances with Wolves” is suggesting that the modern civilized world from the whites and wildness and natural spirit from the Indians can achieve a complementary harmony. In the end, by comparing wolfs trust and loyalty and Siouxs action to rescue Dunbar with white soldiers cruelness, the film theme was deepened, thus, highlighting the great importance of human friendship in equality and peaceful coexistence.Key words: wolf; symbolism; harmony; Westward MovementChapter I. IntroductionA. Significance of the studyDances with Wolves was a big Hollywood film describing how American Indians live simply and peacefully in the western wilderness and how Dunbar got along with the Indians. In the film, there is a wolf appearing through the movie as a clue. Wolf acts as a symbol of the Indians. Every time when the wolf meets with Dunbar, something between Dunbar and the Indians will happen occasionally. Using the power of written word, I want to let you see and feel the hope of harmony between the Indians and the whites; each person and his personalities should be respected so as to achieve diversity coexistence. B. Thesis statement This paper tells a story about how Dunbar got along with the Sioux by analyzing the relationship development between the wolf and Dunbar: watching and doubting, trust and love. And the fact that Dunbar was awarded the Sioux name “Dances with Wolves” is suggesting that the modern civilized world from the whites and wildness and natural spirit from the Indians can achieve a complementary harmony. In the end, by comparing wolfs trust and loyalty and Siouxs action to save Dunbar with white soldiers cruelness, the film theme was deepened, thus, highlighting the great importance of human friendship in equality and peaceful coexistence. C. Terms and definitions Wolf seems to be a negative image in domestic and foreign culture. Its something cruel, vicious and cunning traditionally. However, in recent years, a sudden rise of a wolf culture wave comes out, the wolf of some little-known nature was excavated, known as the “wolfs philosophy.”In the movie Dances with Wolves (later referred to as the film). Using the images of the wolf, the movie leads us to a new angle for recognition to American aboriginesthe Indians.D. Organization of the thesis This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, briefly describing social definition and double features of the wolf and an overview of the symbolism of the wolf in Dances with Wolves. The second part describes the relationship development between Double Socks and Dunbar. The third part is the symbolic meaning of Double Socks. The fourth part is to analyze the causes and self-questioning of the misery of the wolf; the fifth part is a summary of the above four parts, concluding the wolfs symbolic value in Dances with Wolves.Chapter II. The wolf Double Socks2.1 The relationship between Dunbar and the wolfA. Watching and doubtingOn Dunbars way to the army camp, Double Socks appeared up on a hill afar, watching Dunbar moving forward. After Dunbar settled, Double Socks wandered around the camp, doubting Dunbars purpose of arrival. Even when Dunbar gave him food by hand, Double Socks refused.B. Acceptance and trust One day when Dunbar inspected outside in the wilderness, he saw Double Socks and then prepares his gun to shoot her. But he stopped. One night when Double Socks appeared upon Dunbar, Dunbar put food on the ground, and then Double Socks accepted his kind charity. And Double Socks began to trust Dunbar when Dunbar danced with him in the grassland.C. Intimacy and loveSince Double Socks danced with Dunbar, the intimacy between Double and Dunbar has been formed, they are so close like friends having fun in the wilderness. After Dunbar built friendship with Sioux, Double Socks began to be intimate to Dunbar and dare to eat food directly from Dunbars hand. When Dunbar was caught by the white soldiers, Double Socks kept following the whites steps to show his constant love and intimacy to Dunbar.D. Loyalty and integration When Dunbar was caught in shackles, Double Socks followed his clue and guard him by standing three, not moving anywhere. The whites shoot him but Double Socks just stayed until to be shot. In the end of the movie, more and more whites came to invade Indians, when Dunbar and the white woman left, Double Socks yelled at the mountain, which means integration and loyalty.2.2 The symbolic image of the wolfThe aboriginals of America-Indians are extremely similar to wolf in life habits and fates. In the movie, an old lonely wolf without vicious ideas appeared upon us about ten times. The first time when it came to Dunbars eyes, Dunbar gave her a name “Double Socks,” implying wolfs real meaning in the movie. Wolfs natural instinct is actually the symbol of the Sioux and the whole Indians tribes. The director shows us Indians peoples simple and naive life one century ago. Before the white colonizers stepped on American continent, Indians is like wolf living in North American wilderness, carefree and enjoying natures precious gift. They are kind-hearted, unsophisticated, friendly, unified, caring, intelligent, and brave. However, upon the whites arrived, their fates are changed. The whites arrival ever made Indians feared, but they accepted whites soon and taught them to fish, hunt and cultivate. When the white learned to survive, they began to rob lands from Indians by murdering, expelling, and segregating etc. Compared with arm-powerful whites, Indians are so vulnerable in military. When East America confronted the Civil War, the Sioux Indians still lived a carefree life in the west grassland. However, with the whites deepening in the westward Movement, they felt they are closer and closer to the coming danger. They kept worried when will the whites come and how many whites will come. They began to worry about living for having not seen any shadow of buffalo. After America Independence, to enlarge lands, the whites began to use gun fires and even modern arms-law. Also they killed buffaloes to make Indians surrender. The relationship development between Dunbar and Double Socks is a bedding of Indians relationship with Dunbar. Each detail of Double Socks is an implication of Indians fate. Double Socks dancing with Dunbar in grass symbolized harmony and peace between Indians and Dunbar. And Double Socks being shot by white soldier indicated Indians fate. In the end of the movie, “Thirteen years later, their homes destroyed, their buffaloes gone, the last band of free Sioux submitted to white authority at Fort Robinson, Nebraska. The great horse culture of the plains was gone and American frontier was soon to pass into history.” (Dances with Wolves). This tells us Indians were finally conquered.A. A company of DunbarIn the first days after Dunbar arrived at the military site, he was along and kind of lonely, desiring a friend. Even this friend is just a wolf which is ok with him. When he first met the wolf when he inspected in the wilderness, He felt being followed by the wolf. He was thinking of the wolf as himself searching for a company. And when Dunbar celebrated his relationship with Sioux around a bonfire, Double Socks also appeared to show that its also he could share Dunbars happiness.B. A signal tower of SiouxThe fact that the wolf dances with Dunbar in the grass symbolized the beginning of relationship between Dunbar and the Sioux. This relationship is based on harmony and peace. In the end, when Dunbar was arrested by the white soldiers, Double Socks stood afar watching Dunbar, not caring continuous bullets. And Double Socks was shot which marks the beginning the coming of misery of the Sioux.C. A bridge between Dunbar and the SiouxIn the beginning, the Sioux didnt believe Dunbar and doubted his coming. They even discussed how to deal with him. Until they saw Dunbar dancing with the wolf in the grassland, they began to trust Dunbar from heart. They felt that Dunbar was worthy to be a trusted friend. All this relationship development thanks to the bridge-Double Socks.D. The compelled Indians during Westward Movement Although America made great achievement in the Westward Movement, but it was such a nightmare for those Indians who have lived in the west for centuries. With the Westward Movement deepening in number and scale, Indians properties began to be robbed largely. Land invaded, Indians people slaughtered wildly, and the rest expelled to barren areas, Indians were forced to forever leave their ancient homeland. This is the very famous “Way of blood and tears” Indians Migration Move. With Westward Movement deepening, biodiversity and environment were deeply affected, thus wolf faces difficulty hunting food and Indians became worried to hunt for a buffalo. In the night when Dunbar settled in the military site, Double Socks looked for food and came to Dunbar. Here Double Socks is just like West Indians who are worried about food resource because of food chain being affected by the whites invasion.Chapter III. The harmonious coexistence of man and natureAmerican Westward Movement improved the process of original accumulation of capital in the development of capitalism. It promoted extensive exploitation of the West and rapid development of economy. But there is something we couldnt ignore. During Westward Movement, Indians were robbed, slaughtered, and expelled etc. Indians land shrank a lot and Indians population decreased rapidly.Based on it, we should be conscious of the importance of harmonious development and how to treat different races in the right way. On the one hand, we all know that people are born equal and everybody should treat others equally and fairly. Skin and Human race dont matter and shouldnt influence our judgments to people. We should get along with all races in a harmonious and peaceful way, loving and helping each other. What Premier Zhou Enlai said in Jakarta Conference was totally true: Seek common ground while reserving differences. This is acknowledged as a right way to treat different races.We do each thing relying on others more or less, though sometimes we dont realize it, but outside influence is a necessary condition. In the movie, Dunbar got along with Indians peacefully and harmoniously, thus he was not evacuated or killed. Instead, he was accepted and got gift from Indians. When the white soldiers arrested Dunbar, the Sioux didnt give him up but rescuing him. However, the white soldiers were helpless and finally failed in the swamp.On the other hand, conscience is never out of date. Its always shining no matter what era we are in. Without conscience, human is not human anymore. The colonized expansion is a new civilization which facing contradiction with Indians. When whites first arrived at the west, Indians taught them to fish, hunt, and cultivate etc. But on the contrary, the whites returned to slaughter Indians which is so unconscious. Actually, the whites moving west needs Indians help and instruction.Chapter IV. ConclusionBy analyzing the miserable life of the Indians affected by the whites, the thesis tells us the basic information Westward Movement led to the misery of the Indians. Thus we human beings should recall the history again. Innovation of this thesis is: first of all, the wolf is a clue going through the whole thesis; se