雅思小作文--地图流程图.ppt

地图与流程图MapandFlowChart 地图Map 地图题分两种 一种为选址题 一种为地理变迁题 考察点 1方向 方位 路线 顺序的把握 2相对位置关系的描述和辨别 3表方位的词或者词组 主要是介词 的用法 4图中关键点的定位时态如果地图题反映的是一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化 文章用一般过去时 如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一段时间的变化趋势 文章用一般将来时或表 估计 的词汇 如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化 可用现在完成时 ThemapbelowisofthetownofGarlsdon Anewsupermarket S isplannedforthetown Themapshowstwopossiblesitesforsupermarket 1 选址型 交通不利 P1 ThemapshowstwoproposedlocationsforanewsupermarketforthetownofGarlsdon Theybothhavetheiradvantagesanddisadvantages P2 Thefirstpotentiallocation S1 isoutsidethetownitself andissitedjustoffthemainroadtothetownofHindon lying12kmstothenorth west Thissiteisinthecountrysideandsowouldbeabletoaccommodatealotofcarparking ThiswouldmakeitaccessibletoshoppersfrombothHindonandGarlsdonwhocouldtravelbycar 先描述S1地理位置 再写其空间优势 P2 AsitisalsoclosetotherailwaylinelinkingthetwotownstoCransdon 25kmtothesouth east apotentiallylargenumberofshopperswouldalsobeabletotravelbytrain Generallyspeaking thepriceofrentisrelativelylowerincountryside soitwillsavesomeexpendingtosomeextent 先描述S1地理位置 再写其空间优势 P3 Incontrast thesuggestedlocation S2 isrightinthetowncentre whichwouldbegoodforlocalresidents Theoretically thestorecouldbeaccessedbyroadorrailfromthesurroundingtowns includingBransdon butasthecentralareaisano trafficzone carswouldbeunabletoparkandaccesswouldbedifficult 先描述S2地理位置 再写其空间优势及劣势 P4 Overall neithersiteisappropriateforallthetowns butforcustomersinCransdon HindonandGarlsdon theout of townsite S1 wouldprobablyoffermoreadvantages What smore basedonthefactorofeconomy thedecisionofchoosingS1isreasonableforboss 比较优劣 再做出选择 方位的表达 A位于B的范围内 如A位于B的东部地区ShanghaiistheeastofChinaA在B范围外 如A位于B以东JapanistheeastofChinaA在B范围外 但接壤 如A在B东面TianjinistheeastofHebeiA与B不接壤 如A在B西北部的120千米处Alies120kmthenorthwestofB in to on to Mountainsareparalleltotherivers 与 平行 Thetruckistotherightofthegasstation 在 的右边 Thechurchissurroundedbytrees 被 包围 Apolicemanisatthecrossing intersection 在 十字路口 Thebankisinthetopleft handcorneroftheresidentialzone 在 的左上角 Theplaygroundisroughlyinthemiddleoftheresidentialzone 大概在 的中间 Thesupermarketisdirectlyoppositetothebusstop 在 的正对面 Thebarber sisincloseproximityto nearby bythesideofthehospital 在 附近 Housesareatthebottomoftheresidentialzone 在 底部 Thesupermarketishalfwaybetweenthebankandthebarber s 在 半途中 Themotorcyclistisoutsidetheresidentialzone 在 外面 Theshopisalongtheroadside 在路边 2 历史变迁型 ChorleywoodisavillagenearLondonwhosepopulationhasincreasedsteadilysincethemiddleof19thcentury Themapbelowshowsthedevelopmentofthevillage Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingthedevelopmentofthevillage P1 ThemapshowsthegreatchangesanddevelopmentofChorleywoodvillageinGreatBritainoveraperiodof126yearsfrom1868to1994 P2 Chronologically duringthefirst15yearsfrom1868to1883 Chorleywoodwasmerelyaverysmallvillagewithonemainroadtoitswest From1883to1922 weseethatthevillageexpandedtosouth almosttripledtheoriginalscale P2 Besides arailwaylinewasbuiltacrossthenewareafromwesttoeastandthereemergedtheChorleywoodStation During1922 1970 Chorleywoodextendedbotheastwardandwestwardandalmostdoubledtheprevioussize P3 Thenduring1970 1994 thevillageaccelerateditspaceofdevelopmenteastward Anorth southmotorwaywasbuiltin1970astheaxis togetherwiththealmostparalleledeast westmainroadandrailwayastwodividinglines cuttingthisnewareaintofiveparts Thisnewexpansionwasalmosttwicethescaleoftheoldvillage TheChorleywoodParkandagolfcourseseparatedtheoldandnewarea P4 Thus weseethefastexpansionhistoryofthissmallvillageacrossaspanofover100years 原有事物尺寸上变大 变小 Thesizeofthelibraryhasbeenenlarged extended reducedbyhalf原有事物没了 Thefarmscompletelydisappeared wereremoved 原有事物被改造 Aistransformed reconstructed converted changed turnedoverto intoBAisreplaced substitutedbyB AgiveswaytoB 流程图 FlowChart 描述一个实物 器具的工作过程 特点 基本不会出现数据 文字信息占主要位置描述为主 进行比较的机会较少 流程图写作要素 1 流程图的信息比数字图表更零散 看图时必须更加仔细 不能溜掉任何一个细节 2 流程图里面有生词很正常 如果不认识只要搬过来用即可 一般不影响写作 3 表示顺序的连词或词组一定要多用 Atfirst initially inthefirststageThen inthenextstep afterthatAtthisstage step pointFinally eventually4 如果流程特别复杂 一定要合并成几大步来写 5 流程图写作多用被动语态 Example1 Thediagrambelowindicatestherecyclingprocessofglassbottles P1 Thisdiagramillustratestherecyclingprocessofglassbottles Thewholeprocessisacyclewhichcanbedividedintothreemainstages P2 Inthefirststage usedbottlesarecollectedatarecyclingpointreadytobetransportedbyatruck Thesecondstagestartsinacleaningplant wheretheserecycledbottlesaresortedbycolorintogreen brownandclearonesandwashedbyhigh pressurisedwater Whenthecleaningisdone thebottlesareconveyedtoaglassfactorywheretheyarecutintoglasspieceswhicharethenpouredintoafurnace P3 Afterbeingheatedinthefurnace thebrokenglassesaremeltedintoliquid whichflowsintoaglassmold Herenewglassliquidisaddedandthemoldingprocesstakesplace Inthefinalstage new emptybottlesarefilledwithliquid thenpackedanddespatchedtothesupermarketreadytobepickedbyconsumers Atthispoint acyclehasbeencompletedandanewcyclewillbegin Thediagrambelowshowsthelifecycleofthesilkwormandthestagesintheproductionofsilkcloth Example2 P1 Thefirstdiagramshowsthattherearefourmainstagesinthelifeofthesilkworm Firstofall eggsareproducedbythemothandittakestendaysforeacheggtobecomeasilkwormlarvathatfeedsonmulberryleaves Thisstagelastsforuptosixweeksuntilthelarvaproducesacocoonofsilkthreadarounditself Afteraperiodofaboutthreeweeks theadultmothseventuallyemergefromthesecocoonsandthelifecyclebeginsagain P2 Thecocoonsaretherawmaterialusedfortheproductionofsilkcloth Onceselected theyareboiledinwaterandthethreadscanbeseparatedintheunwindingstage Eachthreadisbetween300and900metreslong whichmeanstheycanbetwistedtogether dyedandthenusedtoproduceclothintheweavingstage P3 Overall thediagramsshowthatthecocoonstageofthesilkwormcanbeusedtoproducesilkcloththroughaverys