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机械毕业设计全套
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JX03-060@低位放顶煤液压支架的设计,机械毕业设计全套
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液压支架分级分布式微机电磁阀液压控制系统 马春燕 李更新 杨健康 摘 要 以集散型控制理论为基础，论述了综采工作面液压支架分级分布式微机电液控制系统的原理，给出了液压支架的 3 种控制模型，设计了以 MCS-51单片机为核心的液压支架控制器，进行了控制器的硬件设计和软件调试。 关键词 集散型控制系统；液压支架；单片机 中图分类号 TP273； TD355.4 A Distributed Computer Control System of Mining Hydraulic Support Ma Chunyan Li Gengxin Yang Jiankang (College of Information Engineering of TUT)(Jin Cheng Mining Bureau) Abstract This paper presents the principles of distributed computer control system of mining hydraulic support for the coalface with complex cutting equipment on the basis of the distributed computer control theory.Three control modes of the hydraulic support are supplied in the paper.It also deals with the design of the hydraulic support controller with the pricipal part of a MCS-51 single chip computer.In addition,the hardware circuits design and software program adjustment of the controller are also mentioned in the paper. Key words distributed computer control system;hydraulic support; single chip microcomputer 采煤工作面综合机械化设备 CCME(Coalface Complex Mechanical Equipements),主要由采煤机、液压支架和刮板运输机 (俗称煤溜子 )等设备组成。液压支架是综合机械化采煤工作面的主要设备之一，它分散布置在整个采煤工作面上。一个工作面一般装备 100 架左右或更多的液压支架。为了有效地提高综采工 作面的生产效率和管理水平，本文以集散型控制系统 DCCS(Distributed Computer Control Systems)理论为基础，设计了液压支架分级分布式微机电液控制系统。 nts中文摘要 课题根据当前综合机械化采煤工作面所采用支护方式暴露出来的问题，提出采用自移式超前支护液压支架对综放面端头进行超前支护；考虑到现今液压支架生产企业在产品开发过程中存在的种种弊端，提出将虚拟样机技术应用到液压支架的设计开发中。在支架投入生产之前在计算机上仿真和修改数字样机，缩短了研发周期，提高了产品 质量，减少了由于制造物理样机而增加的成本。本课题也为其他机械产品的开发提供了一个成功的范例。课题介绍了虚拟样机技术、国内外液压支架的发展状况以及利用虚拟样机技术进行自移式超前支架开发的意义；介绍了自移式超前支架的结构特点、承载原理以及应用 MALTAB 语言编写 M 文件的方式自动计算出自移式超前支架的主要技术参数；介绍了自移式超前支架液压控制系统的特点和常用的液压基本回路，设计出自移式超前支架的液压控制系统，提出基于虚拟样机技术的液压控制系统的实现方法。在 UG-NX 环境下完成了自移式超前支架零部件的三维造型设计并 采用自底向上的装配方式，完成了支架的虚拟装配，查找设计不合理的因素，计算出自移式超前支架的质量、体积、转动惯量等物理特性，并且完成了从 3D 实体模型图到 2D 工程图的生成。将零部件的 3D 模型按照Parasolid 标准输出 “.x_t” 文件，为 ANSYS 进行有限元分析做准备。介绍了有限元法的基本原理及其求解步骤，在研究 CAE技术和 CAD技术之间的数据传输的基础上，提出利用 ANSYS和 UG-NX的数据接口，将 UG-NX 环境下输出的 “.x_t” 文件导入 ANSYS 环境下，进行网格划分、约束加载求解、后处理，完成自移式超前 支架主要承载部件（如顶梁等）的应变、应力分析，根据零部件在承载状态下变形量的大小验证零部件的设计是否合理。 外文摘要 The thesis raises designing the automatic advanced hydraulic bracket to support the terminal of the working fields according to the problems exposed to the supporting method nowadays being used in mechanized coal cutting. Considering the hydraulic bracket company has many maladies during the development of the products, The thesis raises adopting Virtual Prototyping to design the product. By simulation and modifying digital prototyping on computer before product, we can reduce the costs and shorten the design interval and improve the quality of the products. The theme also provides a successful paradigm for the design of other machinery products. The thesis introduces Virtual Prototyping technology, development of the hydraulic supports and the significance of designing automatic advanced bracket based on Virtual Prototyping technology. The thesis introduces the structure features of the bracket, the principle for enduring the load and instructs a method of counting key technology parameters using MATLAB to edit M files. The features and the fundamental circuit of the hydraulic controlling system are also instructed, and the hydraulic controlling system of the automatic advanced bracket is designed, putting forward the method of emulating based on the Virtual Prototyping technology. The thesis achieves three dimension design for the parts of the bracket, and completes virtual assemble using Bottom-Up assembly, checking irrational factors in the design, counting the quality, volume and the retary inertia of the assembly solid and creating engineering drawing from 3D model to 2D view in UG-NX. “.x_t” files of the 3D models are exported by Parasolid standard and make ready for the analysis using ANSYS software. The thesis instructs the principle for the FEA and solving steps, put forward the method of guiding the “.x_t” file into ANSYS conditions based on the investigation of the interface between the CAE technology and CAD technology, making analysis of stress and strain for the main loading parts (ef. upper beam, etc) of the automatic advanced bracket by meshing, loading-solving and postprocessing, and verifying the result of the design of the parts in loading conditions ntsaccording to the strain. 高强度结构钢的焊接试验及 液压支架 有限元分析 /THE WELDING EXPERIMENTS OF HIGH STRENGTH STRUCTURAL STEEL AND THE FINITE ELEMENT STRENHTH ANLYSIS OF FLUID POWER BEARER 中文摘要 本文对抗拉强度为 800 高强钢 WH80 的焊接性能进行了研究，实验数据表明高强钢 WH80 可以用于支架设计。初步总结了一套焊接工艺，包括预热温度的确定、低强度匹配的可行性、焊接速度的选取以及线能量的确定等， 这些研究方法与手段可以直接用于生产实践。对支架整架结构件装配体进行了应力分析，建立了具体的分析模型，对于外载荷的处理、边界条件的确定提出了具体的处理方法，建立了完整的支架简化结构模型。通过研究，可以得出如下结论： (1) 高强钢 WH80 属于低焊接冷裂纹敏感性钢，可用作支架设计板材。 (2) WH80 钢可以选用比母材强度低的焊接材料 J707RH 进行焊接，以使接头强度与母材强度等强。 (3) 预热温度的确定除考虑材料化学成份外，还应考虑到晶向组织的变化。对于 WH8O 高强钢为防止脆化，预热温度应选定在 120 左右 。 (4) 支架在顶梁偏载工况下受力状况最为恶劣，表现为支架顶梁、斜梁、前后连杆和底座等处都有较大的应力分布。 (5) 最高 Von Mises 应力分布表现为区域性、局部性的存在，在实际设计中应考虑在该区域施以高强度板材，而无需整架采用高强度板材，以节省支架成本。 外文摘要 This topic research content was 800 high tensile steel WH80 welding performance conducts the research to the tensile strength, the empirical datum had indicated high tensile steel WH80 was allowed to use in the support design. This topic research initially summarized set of weldings crafts, including the preheating temperature determination, the low intensity match feasibility, the welding speed selection as well as the line energy indeed grades, these research techniques and the method may directly use in the production practice. Has carried on the stress analysis to the support entire frame structural element assembly body, has established the concrete analysis model, regarding outside load processing, the boundary condition determination proposed the concrete processing method, established the integrity support to simplify the structural model. Through the research, we may draw following conclusion: (1) High tensile steel WH80 belongs to the low welding cold crack sensitive steel and may serve as the support design plate. (2) The WH80 steel may select compared to parent metal intensity low welding material J707RH carries on the welding, causes the attachment intensity and the parent metal intensity and so on is strong. (3) Preheating temperature determination besides consideration material chemical composition, but also should consider the crystal to organizations change. For prevents the embrittlement regarding the WH8O high tensile steel, the preheating temperature should designate about 120. (4) The support carries under the operating mode in the top-beam the stress condition to be worst, displays for the support top-beam, Sloping beams, around the connecting rod and the foundation and so on place all has the bigger stress distribution. (5) Highest Von the Mises stress distribution performance for the regional characteristic, the partial existence, in the actual design should consider serves with the high strength plate in this region, but need not the entire frame to use the high strength plate, ntssaves the support cost. 现代煤矿高效工作面的关键设备液压支架 ,是煤矿实现采煤、运输和支护等所有工序全部机械化的重要环节。结合多年的液压支架制造经验 ,分析了液压支架标准化现状及弊端 ,进而对液压支架标准化的实施途径提出了建议 ,以期对推动液压支架标准化的进程有所裨益 【英文摘要】 The hydraulic support is the key equipment in todays high production faces underground,it is important tache to realize the mechanisation of all process including mining,transport and shoring etc.Combining years experience of the hydraulic support production,author analysed hydraulic support standardization present situation and abuse,and then made suggestion about the implement channel of hydraulic support standardization,in order to for promote the process of hydraulic support standardization benifit. 在详细分析液压支架初撑力与直接顶相互作用机理的基础上 ,对支架合理初撑力的确定进行了分析研究 ,并提出了合理支架初撑力的确定方法。 【英文摘要】 On the basis of analysis of the reciprocity mechanism of original pressure and direct roof, the author analyzes the setting methods of appropriate original pressure of powered support is put forward finally. 综合分析了国产液压支架与国外先进国家支架间在技术性能、控制系统、元件制造以及工作介质等诸方面的差异 ,设计了以插装阀为控制元件的液压系统 ,研究了以水为工作介质的支架液压元件制造技术。 【英文摘要】 The paper gives a synthetic analysis to the difference between homemade hydraulic timbering and imported one from advanced country on technical properties, control system, parts manufacture and working medium etc., designs the hydraulic system which is used plug-in valve as controlling part and researches the manufacturing technique of hydraulic part in timbering which is working by the medium of water 课题根据当前综合机械化采煤工作面所采用支护方式暴露出来的问题，提出采用自移式超前支护液压支架对综放面端头进行超前支护；考虑到现今液压支架生产企业在产品开发过程中存在的种种弊端，提出将虚拟样机技术应用到液压支架的设计开发中。在支架投入生产之前在计算机上仿真和修改数字样机，缩短了研发周期，提高了产品质量，减少了由于制造物理样机而增加的成本。本课题也为其他机械产品的开发提供了一个成功的范例。 课题介绍了虚拟样机技术、国内外液压支架的发展状况以及利用虚拟样机技术进行自移式超前支架开发的意义；介绍了自移式超前支架的结构特点、承载原理以及应用 MATLAB 语言编写 M 文件的方式自动计算出自移式超前支架的主要技术参数；介绍了自移式超前支架液压控制系统的特点和常用的液压基本回路，设计出自移式超前支架的液压控制系统，提出基于虚拟样机技术的液压控制系统的实现方法。在 UG-NX 环境下完成了自移式超前支架零部件的三维造型设计并采用自底向上的装配方式，完成了支架的虚拟装配，查找设计不合理的因素，计算出自移式超前支 架的质量、体积、转动惯量等物理特性，并且完成了从 3D 实nts体模型图到 2D 工程图的生成。将零部件的 3D 模型按照 Parasolid 标准输出“ .x_t”文件，为 ANSYS 进行有限元分析做准备。介绍了有限元法的基本原理及其求解步骤，在研究 CAE技术和 CAD技术之间的数据传输的基础上，提出利用 ANSYS 和 UG-NX 的数据接口 UG-NX 环境下输出的“ .x_t”文件导入 ANSYS 环境下，进行网格划分、约束加载求解、后处理，完成自移式超前支架主要承载部件（如顶梁等）的应变、应力分析，根据零部件在承载状态下变形 量的大小验证零部件的设计是否合理。 关键词：虚拟样机，自移式超前支架， Parasolid， ANSYS ABSTRACT The thesis raises designing the automatic advanced hydraulic bracket to support the terminal of the working fields according to the problems exposed to the supporting methodnowadays being used in mechanized coal cutting. Considering the hydraulic bracket companyhas many maladies during the development of the products, The thesis raises adopting Virtual Prototyping to design the product. By simulation and modifying digital prototyping oncomputer before product, we can reduce the costs and shorten the design interval and improvethe quality of the products. The theme also provides a successful paradigm for the design ofother machinery products. The thesis introduces Virtual Prototyping technology, development of the hydraulic supports and the significance of designing automatic advanced bracket based on VirtualPrototyping technology. The thesis introduces the structure features of the bracket, theprinciple for enduring the load and instructs a method of counting key technology parametersusing MATLAB to edit M files. The features and the fundamental circuit of the hydrauliccontrolling system are also instructed, and the hydraulic controlling system of the automaticadvanced bracket is designed, putting forward the method of emulating based on the VirtualPrototyping technology. The thesis achieves three dimension design for the parts of thebracket, and completes virtual assemble using Bottom-Up assembly, checking irrationalfactors in the design, counting the quality, volume and the retary inertia of the assembly solidand creating engineering drawing from 3D model to 2D view in UG-NX. “.x_t” files of the3D models are exported by Parasolid standard and make ready for the analysis using ANSYSsoftware. The thesis instructs the principle for the FEA and solving steps, put forward themethod of guiding the “.x_t” file into ANSYS conditions based on the investigation of theinterface between the CAE technology and CAD technology, making analysis of stress andstrain for the main loading parts (ef. upper beam, etc) of the automatic advanced
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