Unit-1--Encyclopedia..doc

密封线 Unit 1 Encyclopedia.inventor 发明家1. He wants to be a famous inventor in the future. 将来他想成为一名著名的发明家。2. Benjamin Franklin was not only an inventor but also a famous writer. 本杰明富兰克林不仅是一位发明家还是一位著名作家。【总结】inventor是名词, 意为 “发明家”, 如例1和例2。【拓展】invent是inventor的动词形式, 意为 “发明”。例如: Do you know who invented the computer first?你知道谁第一个发明了电脑吗? invention是名词, 意为 “发明”。例如: I think the camera is one of the most useful inventions. 我认为相机是最有用的发明之一。born 出生1. He was born in a poor family. 他出生于一个贫困的家庭。2. When she was born, it was raining heavily. 当她出生时, 外面下着大雨。【总结】be born意为 “出生, 如例1和例2。【拓展】birth是born的名词形式, 意为 “出生”。例如：She gave birth to a baby boy. 她生了一名男婴。ability 才能; 能力1. Mike has the ability to communicate with others. 马克有与人沟通的才能。2. Its hard to measure his ability when we havent seen his works. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的能力。【总结】ability意为 “才能，能力”, 如例1和例2。【拓展】able是ability的形容词, 意为 “能够; 能”。例如: She is able to speak three foreign languages. 她能够说三门外语。include包括; 包含1. In fact, the price includes the tax.实际上, 该价格含税。2. Youd better include some funny stories in your speech.最好在你的演讲中含有一些有趣的故事。【总结】include是动词, 意为 “包括，包含”, 如例1和例2。win获胜; 赢1. I am very happy that our team won the match.我很高兴我们队赢得了比赛。2. If you win, you will get a chance to travel abroad. 如果你获胜, 你将会获得去国外旅游的机会。【总结】win是动词, 意为 “获胜，赢”, 如例1和例2。【拓展】winner是win的名词形式, 意为 “胜利者, 优胜者”。例如: He was the winner in the running race. 他是跑步比赛的冠军。 Structure analysis 长难句解析1. His paintings are very famous, and one, The Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world.他的画非常有名, 而且其中的蒙娜丽莎或许是世界上最有名的一幅画作了。【解析】and连接两个并列的句子。The Mona Lisa是one的同位语。the most famous painting意为 “最著名的画作”, 含有形容词最高级的短语作表语。2. Nobody knows why. 没有人知道这是为什么。【解析】why引导了一个宾语从句, 为了避免重复, 省略了“they all suddenly died out”。补全整个句子则为 “Nobody knows why they all suddenly died out”。 Structure imitation 句式仿写1. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. 恐龙先于人类6千万年生活在地球上。【解析】more than, 意为 “多于”。例如: There are more than twenty passengers on the bus. 在公共汽车上有20多名乘客。2. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. 一些恐龙像小鸡一样小。【解析】asas, 意为 “和一样”。例如: My dress is as beautiful as yours. 我的裙子和你的裙子一样漂亮。1. be born in 生于2. in the countryside 在乡村; 在农村3. learn to do sth 学会做4 human being 人5. die out 灭绝; 消失6. learn about 了解7. in the center of. 在的中心8. remember to do 记得要做9. used to do sth 过去常常做10. be famous for 以出名11. find out 了解 (到), 弄清12. go for a walk 去散步13. break open 破开, 破裂14. climb out 爬出来15. big attractions 大的景点16. take pictures of 给拍照17. in dry weather 在干燥的气候中18. be important to sb. 对某人重要19. a type of 一种20. climb up 向上爬, 攀登21. learn from 向学习I. 根据句意及图片提示写单词, 补全句子。1. - What are you doing, Lucy? - I am watching a documentary Walking with _.2. Can you give back my _? I need to use it now.3. People in cities like to go to the _ for a trip because they like the clean air there.4. The environment (环境) needs _ protection.5. Do you want to become a(n) _? Please watch CCTV 10.II. 根据要求写出相应的单词。6. birth (动词) _7. intelligent (名词) _8. sudden (副词) _9. inventor(复数) _10. able (名词) _III. 根据句意及首字母提示写单词, 完成句子。11. N_ here knows the answer to the question, so we should go to ask others.12. My room is not big. H_, it is very comfortable.13. She is good at playing the piano, and she e_ does well in singing.14. My work doesnt i_ making coffee for the boss. It should be yours.15. Newton was a famous s_ in the world.IV. 用括号里词的适当形式填空, 完成句子。16. John used to _ (eat) fish, but now he doesnt.17. He loves playing the violin very much and he wants to be a _ (music) in the future.18. Among so many _ (invent), I like phones most.19. All of us should learn _ (think) independently (独立地).20. Please remember _ (bring) your homework tomorrow.V. 从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空, 补全句子。learn about, for example, die out, human being, in the countryside21. Mr Green used to like living in cities, but now he likes the life _.22. If you want to _ dinosaurs, you may read this book.23. I think _ are cleverer than animals.24. If we dont protect Chinese river dolphins, they will _.25. We can help the old people in many ways. _, we can help them clean their houses.II. 从方框中的七个选项中选出五个合适的句子补全对话。A. How did you do that?B. There are different kinds of encyclopaedias.C. Sounds interesting!D. I think I won just because I like to read different books in my daily life.E. Why did you do that?F. So you must be very hard-working.G. I think youre right.Dick: Hi, Doris. You got first prize in the knowledge competition. (4) _Doris: In fact, I didnt think I would got the top grade. (5) _Dick: Well, what kind of books do you like to read?Doris: Encyclopaedias. (6) _ You can find everything that you are interested in. Then you can get much knowledge from them.Dick: (7) _Doris: Yeah, it is really interesting. But it also took me much time.Dick: (8) _Doris: Yeah. I often wrote down some useful things when I was reading. 语法运用 Grammar in use一、some和any的用法1. some和any意为 “一些”, 作为限定词, 修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。一般情况下, some常用于肯定句, any常用于否定句和疑问句。例如:I have some good news to tell you.- Is there any orange juice in the bottle?- No, there isnt any orange juice in the bottle.2. 当表示请求、建议, 或期望得到对方肯定回答时, some也可用于疑问句。例如: Would you like some tea? May I have some bread?3. 当肯定句中含有否定意义词hardly, never, seldom等时, 需用any。例如: I never say any words to him. He seldom has any chance of visiting his teacher.二、somebody, anybody, nobody, etc.somebody (someone), anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), something, anything, nothing等都属于不定代词。1. some和any的用法规则同样适用于somebody, anybody, something, anything等不定代词。somebody和something一般用于肯定句, anybody和anything一般用于否定句和疑问句。当表示请求、建议, 或期望得到对方的肯定回答时, somebody和something也可用于疑问句中。2. nobody, no one和nothing用于句中表示否定意义。例如: I can hear nothing / nobody / no one. = I cant hear anything / anybody / anyone.3. 不定代词具有单数含义, 作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。例如: Somebody is in the classroom. Has anything happened to her?4. 不定代词被形容词所修饰时, 形容词放在不定代词的后面。例如: There is something wrong with my left eye.Is there anything interesting in this book? 实战演练I. 根据句意, 从括号中选择合适的词填空。1. It is difficult to live without _ money. (some / any)2. We have _ bread, but we dont have _ milk in the fridge. (some / any)3. Is there _ I can do for you, Sir? (something / anything)4. - Would you like _ coffee? - Yes, please. (some / any)5. - Is there _ apple juice at home?- Yes, there is _. (some / any)6. I didnt see _ in the house. (someoneanyone)II. 单项选择。7. - Listen! Someone _ singing in the next room. - It may _ Monica. She is going to take part in a singing competition (比赛). A. are; be B. is; be C. are, / D. is; /8. - Would you like _ to drink? - Coffee please. If not, _ is OK. A. something; anything B. everything; anything C. something; something D. anything; something9. - I didnt find _ on the table. - Oh, maybe _ took it. A. something; someone B. anything; someone C. nothing; anyone D. everything; anyone10. - Jack, is there _ in todays newspaper? - No, _. A. something important; nothing B. important something; everything C. anything important; nothing D. important anything; everything11. - There is _ wrong with my headphone. I hardly hear _. - Oh, you can use mine. A. anything; something B. something; something C. something; anything D. anything; anything12. - How do you know when to _ in the morning? - The clock will wake us up. So _ needs a clock. A. get on; everyone B. get up; everyone C. get on; no one D. get up; no one13. - Doctor, whats the _ with my son? - Dont worry. There is _ serious. Its only a cold. A. problem; nothing B. problem; anything C. question; anything D. question; nothingIII. 用合适的不定代词填空, 完成对话。Nicole: Okay, lets get started. I hope we can get (14) _ ready in time.Chris: I hope so. Can (15) _ help me carry the table into the garden?Nicole: Let me help you . Are we missing (16) _? The shops are still open and if there is (17) _ missing, I can go and buy it.Claire: No, I think weve got (18) _.Nicole: Is (19) _ at the door? Can you have a look, Jim?Jim: OK! (Looking outside) No, there is (20) _ there.Nicole: OK, so we still have some time before (21) _ arrives. I just hope we didnt forget (22) _.Jane: No, Nicole, there is nothing you need to worry about. (23) _ is all right. Its going to be a great birthday party! For GrammarI. 根据句意, 从括号中选择合适的词填空。1. There are _ (some / any) new books on the teachers desk.2. We have a lot of candies. Take _ (some / any) with you, please.3. I cant give you _ (some / any) help now.4. There is _ (something / anything) in your hair. I think it is a leaf.5. Our holiday was perfect. _ (nothing / everything) went on well.6. I would like to have _ (anything / something) to drink, please.7. Can _ (everybody / anybody) hear me? Please come and help me.8. I will do _ (nothing / anything) for you. You are my best friend.9. My dictionary was on the desk just now, but I cant find it now. I think (nobody / somebody ) took it away.10. She did _ (something / nothing). She just slept all day long.II. 单项选择。( ) 1. - I wanted to use the toilet but _ was in. - You can use the toilet now. There is _ there. A. somebody; nobody B. somebody; anybody C. everybody; nobody D. everybody; anybody( ) 2. - Theres _ in my eye. Can you get it out please? - Sure. But I cant see _ in it. A. anything; nothing B. something; nothing C. anything; anything D. something; anything( ) 3. - I can hear _ knocking at the door. - Let me see who that is. Mom, _ is here. It is the cat. It is knocking at the door. A. someone; nothing B. something; nothing C. someone; nobodyD. something; nobody( ) 4. - Would you like _ to eat? - No. I dont want to eat _. A. everything; anything B. something; anything C. anything; somethingD. something; something( ) 5. -Dont take _ magazines out of the reading-room. - OK. I wont take _ out. A. any; anything B. any; something C. some; anything D. some; something( ) 6. - Would you like _ fruit juice, please? - No, tea please. I never drink _ fruit juice. A. many; any B. any; some C. some; some D. some; any( ) 7. - Jack bought _ souvenirs(纪念品) in New York, but he didnt buy _ expensive ones. - Its clever of him to do so. A. any; any B. any; some C. some; any D. some; some( ) 8. - Are there _ apples in the basket? - Yes, there are _. A. any; any B. any; some C. some; any D. some; some For SpeakingI. 将下列单词或词组连接成句 。1. should, learn from, your, you, brother (.)_2. notebook, the, studies, with, is, a, great, help, my (.)_3. book, is, this, difficult, more, than, any other (.)_4. interested, music, is, in, he, very much (?)_5. is, useful, it, have a good dictionary, to, reading, are, when, you (.)_II. 选句子完成对话。Tina: (1) _John: Sure. He is so famous that almost everyone knows him.Tina: (2) _John: Mostly for his painting Mona Lisa.Tina: Mona Lisa? Oh, I know. The smile of Mona Lisa is famous. (3) _John: Yes. The Last Supper is also very famous. Tina: (4) _John: It took Leonardo three years to finish it.Tina: Oh, what a long time! (5) _A. What is he famous for?B. But good paintings need time.C. When did Leonardo finish the painting?D. Do you know anything about Leonardo da Vinci?E. Does he have other famous paintings?F. Which one is his famous painting?G. How long did it take Leonardo to finish the painting? For Writing 从方框中选择合适的短语并用其适当形式填空。go for a walk, break open, look like, read about, in the mountains1. Would you like _ with me? 2. They lived in a small house _.3. That photograph(照片) doesnt _ her at all.4. We _ the accident in the newspaper today.5. The toy fell onto the floor and _. For More Practice 根据汉语提示补全句子, 每空一词。1. 这块手表对于我来说非常重要, 因为它是我爷爷送给我的。 The watch _ _ _ _ me because my grandpa sent it to me.2. 在干燥的气候中, 你应该天天给你的花浇水。_ _ _, you should water your flowers every day.3. 你能告诉我一下中国的一些大的景点吗? Can you tell me about _ _ _ in China?4. 晚上老鼠爬上了厨房的桌子。 The mouse _ _ _ the kitchen table at night.5. 这些纸花是我妈妈在三月份的时候做的。 The paper flowers _ _ _ my mother in March.6. 她想拍这次旅行的照片, 但没带照相机。She wanted to _ _ _ this trip, but she didnt take a camera.7. 鸵鸟是一种跑得很快的大鸟。 Ostrich is _ _ _ large bird that can run very fast.八年级英语Unit 1听说题I. 听录音, 从A、B、C三个选项中选出与你听到句子意思最相近的句子。（句子念两遍）( ) 1. A. Da Vinci was born in a big family.B. Da Vinci was born with music ability. C. Da Vinci was born with artistic ability.( ) 2. A. Its very interesting to read the encyclopaedia. B. Its very boring to read the encyclopaedia. C. Its very important to read the encyclopaedia.( ) 3. A. Some dinosaurs had the same weight as chickens. B. Some dinosaurs had the same size as chickens. C. Some dinosaurs had the same height as chickens.( ) 4. A. Da Vinci was known for his paintings.B. Da Vinci was famous for his patience. C. Da Vinci was known for his patience.( ) 5. A. Im afraid you wont learn a lot from the encyclopaedia. B. Im sure you will love many things in the encyclopaedia. C. Im sure you will learn many things from the encyclopaedia.II. 请你根据实际情况和所提供的情景完成对话。每个问题念两遍）（共3小题, 每小题1分）恐龙曾支配全球陆地生态系统超过1亿6千万年之久, 学完本课后, 你对它又了解多少呢? 请回答所提问的问题:6. _ 8. _III. 听短文, 回答问题。（短文及问题念两遍, 共3小题, 每小题1分）9. _10. _11. _IV. 请用英语描述下图, 至少六句话。（共4分）八年级（上）Unit 1 能力测试题I. 听录音, 在A、B、C选项中选出你所听到的句子。每小题念两遍。( ) 1. A. I know much about dinosaurs.B. I know little about dinosaurs. C. I know nothing about dinosaurs.( ) 2. A. Mona Lisa is known in the world. B. Mona Lisa is famous for the smile. C. Mona, Lisa is famous in the world. ( ) 3. A. No one knows our secret. B. Everyone knows our secret. C. Nobody knows our secret.II. 听录音, 在A、B、C选项中选出与你所听到的句子的意思最相近的句子。每小题念两遍。( ) 4. A. Lets take a walk after dinner. B. Lets take a walk after breakfast.C. Lets have a talk after dinner.( ) 5. A. Something here is going well. B. Nothing here is going well. C. All the things here are going well.III. 听句子, 选择最佳答句。每小题念一遍。（共5小题, 每小题1分）( ) 6. A. In 1452. B. In Australia.C. John Landy.( ) 7. A. No, I dont. B. Thats a good idea.C. Youre welcome.( ) 8. A. Thank you! B. Youre right! C. Sounds great!( ) 9. A. Yes, they were. B. I dont like that. C. Not at all.( ) 10. A. I read encyclopaedias. B. I am a teacher. C. Its so interestingIV. 听短文, 根据所听内容选择最佳答案。短文念两遍。(共5小题, 每小题1分)( ) 11. Where was the pond?A. In a forest. B. On a farm. C. In a town.( ) 12. Why were the fish worried? A. Because they were worried that the dinosaur would eat them. B. Because they were worried that the dinosaur would drink the whole pond. C. Because they were worried that they couldnt make friends with the dinosaur.( ) 13. How many fish didnt go to fight the dinosaur? A. Sixty. B. Sixty-three. C. Sixty-two.( ) 14. Why did the dinosaur lose the race? A. Because he couldnt swim. B. Because he was afraid of the fish. C. Because he was too heavy to run fast.( ) 15. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The dinosaur liked the fish in fact.B. At last the fish shared water with the dinosaur. C. At last, the dinosaur went away.A.词语释义。（每小题1分，共5分）( ) 1. He wants to be a musician when he grows up. A. person who is proud of music very much B. person who is interested in music C. person who likes music D. person who plays a musical instrument (乐器) as a job( ) 2. This house includes five bedrooms and two living rooms.A. takes B. hasC. returns D. collects( ) 3. She won the match. All the students felt happy for her. A. became interested in B. lost herself in C. got the first place inD. became excited about( ) 4. The tea