ASA防火墙配置笔记.doc

ASA防火墙配置笔记二六年十月二十七日序言：Cisco新的防火墙ASA系列已经面市了，将逐步取代PIX防火墙，网上关于ASA配置资料很少，现把我积累的ASA配置技术编写一个文档，供大家参考。如有问题，可发邮件给我。1.常用技巧12.故障倒换13.配置telnet、ssh及http管理34.vpn常用管理命令35.配置访问权限36.配置sitetosite之VPN47.webvpn配置（ssl vpn）48.远程拨入VPN59.日志服务器配置610.Snmp网管配置711.ACS配置712.AAA配置713.升级IOS814.疑难杂症81. 常用技巧Sh ru ntp查看与ntp有关的Sh ru crypto 查看与vpn有关的Sh ru | inc crypto 只是关健字过滤而已2. 故障倒换failoverfailover lan unit primaryfailover lan interface testint Ethernet0/3failover link testint Ethernet0/3failover mac address Ethernet0/1 0018.1900.5000 0018.1900.5001failover mac address Ethernet0/0 0018.1900.4000 0018.1900.4001failover mac address Ethernet0/2 0018.1900.6000 0018.1900.6001failover mac address Management0/0 0018.1900.7000 0018.1900.7001failover interface ip testint standby 注：最好配置虚拟MAC地址sh failover显示配置信息write standby写入到备用的防火墙中failover命令集如下：configure mode commands/options: interface Configure the IP address and mask to be used for failover and/or stateful update information interface-policy Set the policy for failover due to interface failures key Configure the failover shared secret or key lan Specify the unit as primary or secondary or configure the interface and vlan to be used for failover communication link Configure the interface and vlan to be used as a link for stateful update information mac Specify the virtual mac address for a physical interface polltime Configure failover poll interval replication Enable HTTP (port 80) connection replication timeout Specify the failover reconnect timeout value for asymmetrically routed sessionssh failover 命令集如下： history Show failover switching history interface Show failover command interface information state Show failover internal state information statistics Show failover command interface statistics information | Output modifiers 3. 配置telnet、ssh及http管理username jiang password Csmep3VzvPQPCbkx encrypted privilege 15aaa authentication enable console LOCALaaa authentication telnet console LOCALaaa authentication ssh console LOCALaaa authorization command LOCAL http management ssh inside4. vpn常用管理命令sh vpn-sessiondb full l2l 显示site to site 之vpn通道情况sh ipsec stats 显示ipsec通道情况sh vpn-sessiondb summary 显示vpn汇总信息sh vpn-sessiondb detail l2l 显示ipsec详细信息sh vpn-sessiondb detail svc 查看ssl client信息sh vpn-sessiondb detail webvpn 查看webvpn信息sh vpn-sessiondb detail full l2l 相当于linux下的ipsec whack status 如果没有建立连接，则表示ipsec通道还没有建立起来。5. 配置访问权限可以建立对象组，设定不同的权限，如：object-group network testgroupdescription testnetwork-object 4 55access-list inside_access_in line 2 extended permit ip object-group all anyaccess-group inside_access_in in interface inside6. 配置sitetosite之VPNcrypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmaccrypto map outside_map 20 match address outside_cryptomap_20_1crypto map outside_map 20 set pfscrypto map outside_map 20 set peer 8crypto map outside_map 20 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHAcrypto map outside_map interface outsideisakmp identity addressisakmp enable outsideisakmp policy 10 authentication pre-shareisakmp policy 10 encryption 3desisakmp policy 10 hash shaisakmp policy 10 group 2isakmp policy 10 lifetime 86400tunnel-group 8 type ipsec-l2ltunnel-group 8 ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * peer-id-validate nochecktunnel-group-map enable rules注：打打PFS并设定以IP地址作为peer名，一个接口只能有一个加密图7. webvpn配置（ssl vpn）webvpn enable outside character-encoding gb2312 csd image disk0:/securedesktop-asa-6.pkg svc image disk0:/sslclient-win-54.pkg 1 svc enablecustomization customization1 title text TEST WebVPN system title style background-color:white;color: rgb(51,153,0);border-bottom:5px groove #669999;font-size:larger;vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;font-weight:bold tunnel-group-list enable注：也可通过ASDM图形界面进行配置登录后，可访问内部资源，如下例：（客户端首先要安装Java插件jre-1_5_0-windows-i586.exe,并打开浏览器的ActiveX）1) 输入用户名和密码2) 出现工具条3) 在Enter Web Address内输入即可访问内部网站4）在browse network输入即可访问共享文件5)点击application access，即可查看端口转发设置，如使用putty访问本机的2023端口，则即可通过ssh登录8. 远程拨入VPN相关的ASA配置命令如下：access-list inside_access_in extended permit ip object-group remotegroup anyaccess-list inside_access_in extended permit icmp object-group remotegroup anyaccess-list remotevpn_splitTunnelAcl standard permit access-list vpnclient_splitTunnelAcl standard permit ip local pool dialuserIP -54 mask group-policy remotevpn attributes dns-server value 8 6 default-domain value username jiang password Csmep3VzvPQPCbkx encrypted privilege 15crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmaccrypto ipsec transform-set ESP-DES-MD5 esp-des esp-md5-hmaccrypto ipsec transform-set ESP-DES-SHA esp-des esp-sha-hmaccrypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set pfscrypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHAcrypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set reverse-routecrypto map outside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic outside_dyn_mapcrypto map outside_map interface outsidetunnel-group remotevpn type ipsec-ratunnel-group remotevpn general-attributes address-pool dialuserIP default-group-policy remotevpntunnel-group remotevpn ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key *客户端设置如下：9. 日志服务器配置logging enablelogging timestamplogging emblemlogging trap informationallogging asdm warningslogging host inside 15 format emblemlogging permit-hostdown vpn-simultaneous-logins 310. Snmp网管配置snmp-server host inside 7 community testsnmpsnmp-server location DG-GTESTsnmp-server contact jiangdaoyou:6162snmp-server community testsnmpsnmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstar