高考英语第一轮复习 第一部分课文 Module 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions课件.ppt

第一部分基础模块夯实 module8unit3inventorsandinventions sectioni 课本扫描 一 核心单词1 distinguish dis ti wi v 显示 的差别 辨别 1 icandistinguishthematadistance 从远处我就能认出他们 2 themandistinguisheshimselfbyhiswisdom 这个人因才智而扬名 归纳 distinguishafromb辨别a与bbedistinguishedfrom不同于 bedistinguishedby以 为特征bedistinguishedfor因 而著称distinguishoneself使自己杰出 使自己扬名 小练 根据句子的要求在括号里填词 1 canyoudistinguish thosetwoobjects 2 childrenshouldbetaughtto 分辨好坏 3 speechdistinguisheshumanbeings theanimals 4 thechinesenationisdistinguished itsdiligenceandcourage between distinguishrightfromwrong from for 2 convenient k n vi nj nt adj 便利的 方便的conveniencen 便利 方便convenientlyadv 便利地 1 isitconvenientforyoutocomenextsunday 下个星期天你方便来吗 2 ican tseehernow it snotconvenient 我现在不便见她 归纳 beconvenienttosb 对某人方便itisconvenient forsb todosth 某人 做某事方便atone sconvenience在某人方便的时候小练 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译 1 comeandseeme 无论你何时方便 2 cometoseeme 在你方便时 3 ikeepmyreferencebooksnearbythedeskfor convenient wheneverit sconvenienttoyou atyouconvenience convenience 3 seize si z vt 抓住 捉住 夺 1 heseizedmebythewrist 他抓住我的手腕 2 panicseizedus 我们惊恐万状 归纳 seizeholdofsth 抓住某物seizeachance anopportunity抓住时机seizeon uponsth 意识到某事物而立即加以利用小练 根据中文意思完成句子 1 hisfatheraskedhim 抓住时机赚一些钱 2 we 身不由己 byasuddenimpulsetorun 3 thecritics 抓住 mymistakeandsaidiwasignorant toseizethechancetomakesomemoney wereseized seizedon 4 file fail n c 文件 档案vt 把 归档 1 hereareourfilesontheresultsofthebusinessinthepastfiveyears 这是我们过去五年来经营成绩的案卷 2 pleasefilethispaperaway missmary 玛丽小姐 请把这份文件归档 归纳 have open keepafileon存有 设立 保存 的档案小练 汉译英 1 他阅读了有关这个案件的全部卷宗 2 她把她所有的信件仔细归档 hefiledallherletterscarefully shereadallthefilesonthecase 5 hang h vt i mjustcoming hungup washanged hangs hangon 二 重点词组1 callup给 打电话 召集 使想起 1 hecalledmeuptotellmethegoodnews 他打电话给我并告诉我这个好消息 2 iwascalledupthreemonthsafterwarbrokeout 战争爆发后的第三个月 我应征入伍 短语归纳 callback回电话 收回callon at拜访 on后跟人 at后跟地点名词 callfor要求 提倡 为 叫喊callforth使产生 唤起 使起作用callin召集 召来alloff取消 延期callout出动 唤起 大声叫唤 小练 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或副词 1 thisistheworkthatcalls patience 2 humanrightsgroupsarecalling thereleaseofpoliticalprisoners 3 shehadtocall themeetingbecauseofthebadweather 4 i llcall himtomorrow doyouwanttovisithimwithme 5 thecompanyhascalled allsuchmodelsasbuiltin1990 6 thegovernmentthencalled troopstodealwiththedisturbances 7 theoldphotocalls memoriesofmychildhood for for off on back in up 2 setabout sth doingsth 不用于被动语态 开始 某工作 着手做某事 1 imustsetaboutmypacking 我得开始收拾行李了 2 thenewgovernmentmustsetaboutfindingsolutionstothecountry seconomicproblems 新政府必须立即找出解决国家经济问题的办法 短语归纳 setaside将 放在一边setdown把 记下来setout从某地出发上路setoff开始 旅行 赛跑等 setsthoff使 炸弹 地雷等 爆炸setsthup摆放或竖起某物 创 体育 记录 小练 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词 1 idon tknowhowtoset thisjob 2 sheset anewworldrecordtime the100metres 3 theyset onthelaststage theirjourney 4 howdoseniormanagersset makingthesedecisions about up in out of about 3 every nowandthen everynowandagain时而 偶尔 有时 1 iliketogototheoperanowandthen 我喜欢偶尔去看歌剧 2 everynowandagainhewentupstairstoseeifshewasstillasleep 他时而到楼上看看她是否还在睡 短语归纳 now that 由于 既然rightnow此刻 现在bynow到目前为止justnow刚才fromnowon从现在开始 小练 用now的相关词组填空 1 soniashouldhavebeenhome doyouthinkshe sok 2 ihearfromhim 3 pleasetrytobemorecareful 4 there snothingicandoaboutthis bynow everynowandthen fromnowon rightnow 4 outoforder次序颠倒 发生故障ourair conditionerisoutoforder 我们的空调出故障了 短语归纳 inorder整齐 状况良好 适宜 按顺序inorderthat后接从句 而inorderto后接动词原形小练 汉译英 1 电梯出故障了 2 情况一团糟 3 他现在发言是十分合适的 theelevatorisoutoforder thingswereinterribleorder it llbequiteinorderforhimtospeaknow 5 getthrough设法联系上 尤指打通电话 设法 做完 通过 1 i vegotthroughalotofcorrespondencetoday 今天我处理了一大批信件 2 itriedringingyouseveraltimesyesterdaybuticouldn tgetthrough toyou 昨天我给你打了几次电话 可是都没 和你 接通 短语归纳 getacross 使 被了解 将 讲清楚getahead获得成功 取得进展getalong前进 进展 with 与 相处 生活getaway逃离或摆脱开 getoff出发 下班getawaywithsth 侥幸做成getby onsth 靠某物 勉强维生 设法维持 对付getdownto开始 着手getoversth 克服小练 用get的适当短词填空 1 ifyoucheatintheexamyou llnever it 2 it stimei 认真干 someseriouswork 3 hewasdisappointedatnotgettingthejob buthe ll it getawaywith gotdownto getover 6 ringback回复电话 1 i llaskhimtoringyouback 我会叫他给你回电话 2 sherangoffbeforeicouldanswerit 我还没来得及接她就挂断了 短语归纳 ring up给 打电话ringoff挂断电话givesb aring给某人打电话小练 汉译英 1 他们一到我就给你打电话 2 你一定要挂电话了 我要用这个电话 3 他给他的医生打了电话 取消了他们的约会 i llringyouupassoonastheyarrive iwillgiveyouaringassoonastheyarrive youmustringoffnow iwanttousethisphone hegavehisdoctoraringandcanceledhisappointment 7 incase因为可能发生某事 以防万一 1 itmayrain you dbettertakeanumbrella just incase itdoes 可能下雨 你最好带把伞 以防万一 下起来 短语归纳 incaseof万一 如果发生inanycase无论如何innocase决不inthatcase既然那样小练 根据中文提示完成句子 1 如果发生火灾 ringthealarmbell 2 youdon tlikeyourjob 既然那样 whydon tyouleave 3 bringsomemoneywithyou 以防万一 youwanttobuysomething incaseoffire inthatcase incase 三 课文回顾whenirangupmymotherinthecountrysideshesoundedveryupset1 thetelephone shetoldmethatsomesnakes 2 come nearthehousenowandthen hadmadetheirhomeinthecourtyardandshewantedmetogetridofthem thinkingitachancetodistinguish3 byinventingsomethingmercifulthatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem isetaboutresearchingthehabitsofsnakestofindtheeasiestwaytotrap4 5 prepare withtheresearchfindings idecidedtousethelastoneofthethreepossibleapproaches theniset6 tomakethefirstattemptbyplacingthefrozenbowloverthesnakes habitattocoolit on coming myself them havingprepared out 7 ihadtoadjustmyplanbecausewhenitriedtocatchthesnakes they8 abrupt disappearedintoaconvenientholeinthewall forthesecondattempt ididasbeforeintheeveningandlefteverythingovernight earlythenextmorningireturnedtofindthesnakesverysleepy butonce9 pick up theytriedtobiteme soineededtoimprovemydesignagain inmythirdattemptwhilerepeatingthesecondprocedureihadtheexpectationthatthesnakeswouldbiteagain soicollectedthepassivesnakes10 asmallnetthaticarriedinmyhand thenextday afterwemerrilyreleasedthemallbackintothewild idecidedtoseizetheopportunitytogetrecognitionfortheinventionfromthepatentofficebecauseonlyafteryouhavehadtherecognitioncanyousayyouaretrulyaninventor but abruptly picked with 四 句子精析与仿写1 theyabruptlydisappearedintoaconvenientholeinthewall 它们突然消失在墙上一个附近的洞里 句子分析 convenient一般用来修饰sth 或用it作主语 不能用来修饰sb 若要表达 如果某人方便的话 往往用 ifitisconvenienttosb 如 i llcometoseeyoutonightifitisconvenienttoyou 仿写 1 如果方便的话 能不能现在给我个电话 2 为了方便 她把头发剪短了 ifitisconvenienttoyou canyougivemeacallnow shehadherhaircutshortforconvenience 2 betweentheoutsideandtheinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly whichfreezeswhencooled 在这个碗的内壁和外壁间有一些果冻 这些果冻遇冷会冰冻起来 句子分析 when while once if等引导的时间 条件状语从句 当从句主语和主句主语相同 且谓语含有be时 可以将从句中的主语和be动词进行省略 如 butoncepickedup theytriedtobiteme 仿写 1 如果再给他一次机会的话 他一定会好好珍惜 2 环境一旦被破坏就很难恢复 ifgivenanotherchance heissuretocherishit oncedestroyed theenvironmentishardtorestore 3 onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor 你只有在获得了那样的认可后才能说是一个真正的发明家 句子分析 only 状语 副词 介词短语 从句 位于句首时 主句应采用部分倒装的语序 如 onlythendidiknowthetruth 仿写 1 只有通过交流我们才能相互了解 2 两国只有抛开分歧才能继续合作 onlybycommunicationcanweknoweachother onlyaftertheysetasidetheirdisagreementscanthesetwocountriesgoonwiththeircooperation 4 itwasthisexploringaroundproblemsandhisdynamicspiritthatledtohismostfamousinvention 正是这种对问题的探索精神和持之以恒的毅力使得他创造了他最著名的发明问世 句子分析 强调句型 itis was 被强调部分 that 句子其他部分 用于强调主语 宾语或状语 当强调 not until 状语部分时 notuntil应放在一起强调 如 itisthecooperativespiritthathelacks 仿写 1 直到他回来后我们才知道事情的真相 2 孩子最需要的是关爱而不是钱 itwasnotuntilhecamebackthatweknewthetruth itisnotmoneybutlovethatchildrenneedmost sectionii 单元配套一 重点词词形变换1 themanagerishavingameeting soitis forhimtoseeyounow youcanleaveamessagehereorcomeathis convenient 2 itisoutoftheir thathelostthegame expect 3 inwesterncountries thenumber thirteen isusually withbadluck butactuallythereisn tany betweenthem associate 4 this iswellreceivedinthemarket therefore the aretryingtheirbesttoincreaseits produce 5 hecannolonger beingshoutedatinthepublicbyhisboss whichis toanyoneelse bear inconvenient convenience expectation associated association product producers production bear 二 活用表格中的短语1 afterweeksofresearch she writinghergraduationessay 2 thelineisengaged icouldn t tomybrother 3 thechaoscausedbywarmadethewholecountry 4 thebabyiscrying ihaveto now 5 theytalkabouttheirdreamsontheinternet 6 whenaskedwhyhewaslate hecouldn t ananswer 7 ican t yourrudenessanymore setabout getthrough outoforder ringoff nowandthen comeupwith putupwith 三 完形填空 breadisprobablythemostimportantfoodfortheentirehumanrace thereisno1aboutitbeingarealandtruerichnessandanextraordinaryresource 2 wedonotknowthenameofthatrealgenius orthenameofthosegeniuses whoinvented3andbakeditforthefirsttime whatis4isthatbreadhadanamazingdevelopmentduringthecourseofitshistory 5 itsingredientsdidnotchangethatmuchandtheyare6thesamenowadays althoughwedonotknowwhowasthefirstman orwoman tobakebread heorshewassurelysomeonewhohadavividandamazing7 thinkingaboutmilling 磨 wheatinordertogetapowder andthenthinkingof8adough 生面团 fromitbyusingwaterandthentobakeitwith9 itmayseemassomethingevidentandexpected anywaywehaveto10itisoneofthecleverest11oftheentirehistoryofthehumanrace talkingaboutbreadwouldmakemuchsense becausethisfoodissuchanimportantpartofalmosteverycultureoftheworldandevery12hasitsowntraditionsandbreadstyles simplebread specialbread seasonedbreadandsoon withoutevenconsideringthemany13breadcanhave ifweconsiderthemanydifferentlocalbreadswefoundineverycountryoftheworld thelistis14 endless bread comparedtootherfoods ispretty15 however nootherfoodiscapableofevoking 唤起 suchemotionsandcharmasthesmellofbakedbread 1 a needb doubtc worryd hurryb根据第一句话可以得知面包的重要性是确定的 此处表示毫无疑问 故选b项 2 a luckilyb necessarilyc importantlyd unfortunatelyd本句和前一句在意义上是转折的 人们知道面包的重要性却不知道最初烘焙出面包的人的名字 故选d项 unfortunately不幸地 luckily幸运地 necessarily必要地 importantly重要地 3 a foodb flourc breadd wheatc根据前两句 可知此处指的是bread 4 a certainb greatc funnyd familiara此处意为 可以确定的是 故选certain 5 a somehowb somewhatc therefored howeverd根据句子的内容和逻辑分析 此处要表示的是转折关系 故用however 6 a evenb mostlyc almostd hardlyc根据前一个分句可以得知 面包的原料没有很大变化 故选almost 7 a realizationb organizationc imaginationd devotionc句意为 尽管我们不知道是谁最先发明的烤面包 但可以确定他必定是一个有生动想象力 imagination 的人 8 a takingb leavingc puttingd makingd用面粉制作面团 故用making 9 a electricityb firec energyd woodb最初烘烤面包必然只能用火 故选fire 10 a thinkb decidec attachd admitd我们不得不承认 admit 这是整个人类历史上最聪明的发明 inventions 之一 11 a discoveriesb inventionsc technologiesd outcomesb句意 我们不得不承认 admit 这是整个人类历史上最聪明的发明 inventions 之一 12 a villageb townc countryd personc此处缺少的词和前面的everyculture意义并列 故选country 13 a benefitsb weightsc functionsd shapesd根据句意 应该是 面包所能拥有的各种形状 shapes 14 a practicallyb terriblyc strangelyd occasionallya此处practically意为 简直 几乎 等同于almost 故选a项 terribly极度地 厉害地 strangely奇怪地 occasionally偶尔地 15 a fineb heavyc simpled nutritiousc此处缺少的词表示的意义应与however后面内容不同或进行对比 故选simple 四 语法填空inthe1950s afamilythatownedafarmnearbeulah michigankeptabullchainedtoanelm 榆树 thebullpaced1thetree draggingtheheavyironchain whichledtoagroove 槽 inthebark 树皮 thegroove2 deep overtheyears thoughforwhateverreason itdidnotkillthetree 3someyears thefamilytooktheirbullaway theycutthechain leavingthelooparoundthetreeandonelink4 hangdown thenoneyear agriculturalcatastrophestruckmichiganin5formofdutchelmdisease around wasdeepened after hangingdown the alloftheelmsliningtheroadleadingtothefarmbecameinfected6died everyonethoughtthattheoldelmwouldbethenext thefarmownersconsidered7 go thesafething pullingitoutandchoppingitupintofirewoodbeforeitdied 8 amazing thetreedidnotdie nobodycouldunderstand9itwastheonlyelmstillstandinginthecounty it ssaidthat10doesn tkillyouwillmakeyoustronger or asaplantpathologists 病理学家 putit lifebreaksusall butafterwards manyofusarestrongestatthebrokenplaces and going amazingly why what 1 around下文告诉我们 树皮被铁链磨出了一个槽 由此可以看出 这是由牛绕着树来回踱步造成的 2 wasdeepened随着岁月的流逝 磨出来的槽逐渐被加深了 所以要用被动 另外 由于动作发生在过去 所以动词要用过去式 3 afterafter 时间段 表示经过一段时间之后 4 hangingdownhangdown和其逻辑主语onelink是主谓关系 所以用现在分词表示主动 构成leave 宾语 现在分词 5 theintheformof固定用法 意思是 以 的形式 6 and榆树受到感染 继而死去 7 goingconsider后跟动名词作宾语 8 amazingly副词作状语 修饰整个句子 9 why谁都不理解为什么只有这棵榆树依然耸立在那里 10 what引导一个主语从句 并在从句中作主语 所以用what 五 阅读理解 bicyclesareagreatwaytogetaround they refuntoride especiallydownhills and asyouspeedalongtheroad youmightalsothinkofwaysinwhichyoucouldimproveyourbike makeitsafer moreefficient ormorecomfortable infact thetwo wheeledmachinesmakeforsomecoolscienceprojects thisyear sintelinternationalscienceandengineeringfair isef heldlastmayincleveland featured had threebicycleprojectsfromthreecountries likemanyoftheotherexperimentspresentedatisef thebikeprojectsshowedthatsomeofthemostinterestingscientificresearchoftenbeginsbytakingacloserlookatthingsyoucareabout renatoangulochuhadevengranderambitions the12th graderfromlima peru wantedtoaddresssomeofhiscountry seconomictroubles iseeaprobleminmycountry renatosaid ifyougototheforestsinperu insomeplacesyoucannotfindelectricity ifyougowithmybicycle youcanturnonthelights renato 16 spent3yearsdesigninghisspecialmulti bike thedevicelookslikeafixedexercisebike ithaswiresfixedalongtheframeandablenderstrapped fastened totheback turningthepedalsoperatestheblender thesameprinciplecanbeusedtosharpenknivesorsweepcitystreets themulti bikecanworkeitherasafixedbikeorasabicycleabletotravelcitystreetsandcountryroads it smadefrominexpensivematerials andtheusergetsexercisewhilepedalingtooperateamachine youpedalthebike andyoucanmixanydrinkyouwant renatosaid moreimportantly headded thesameconceptcouldbeusedtobringlighttohousesinremoteregionsoftherainforest 1 whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph a bicyclesarethebestwaytogoabout b bikesshouldbemademorecomfortabletoride c youcanimproveyourbicycleforscienceresearch d manyinventionsareconnectedwiththebicycle 细节理解题 改进自行车也可以成为科学项目 由第一段 infact thetwo wheeledmachinesmakefor 得出答案 c 2 whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage a isefisanexhibitiondisplayingbicycleexperimentsdesignedbystudents b lookingcloselyatthingsyouareconcernedaboutcanleadtoscientificresearch c renato simprovementofthebicyclehassolvedthecountry sgreatproblem d renato sspecialbicyclewillsoonbeputintouseinremoteareas 判断归纳题 仔细观察你所关心的东西可以成为科学研究 由第二段 thebikeprojectsshowedthatsomeofthemostinterestingscientificresearchoften 得出答案 b 3 theunderlinedword address intheparagraph3probablyhasthesamemeaningas a makeaddresswrittenb giveupc workatd speakat词义猜测题 从词语的上下文来看 address在此处的意思是 从事于 即解决一个问题 由三 四段得出 c 4 renato sspecialmulti bikehasallthefollowingexcept a makingknivessharpb mixinganykindofdrinksc producingelectricityd operatingamachinewithitsownelectricity判断归纳题 这种独特的自行车可以磨刀 发电 搅拌饮料 文中没有提到用自发的电驱动电机 由倒数二 三段得出答案 d 5 itcanbeinferredthatrenato sspecialbicycleismainlydesignedfor a distantareasintherainforestwithoutelectricityb theuseofhisownfamilytomakelifeeasierc thecompetitionofiseftowinmoneytosupportremoterainforestsd enoughexercisebypedalingit推理判断题 这辆特殊自行车的主要目的是能在偏远雨林地区发电用 由三 四段和最后一段 moreimportantly headded thesameconceptcouldbeused 得出答案 a 六 读写任务阅读下面的短文 然后按照要求写一篇约30词左右的英语短文 mp4istheshortnameforaspecialvideoformatcalledmpeg 4 theformatcancompresslargevideocontentintoarelativelysmalldocumentwhilekeepingitsquality theynameditmp4mainlybecauseitwasregardedasanupdatefrommp3 mp3onlycompressesaudiodocuments aftermp3playersbecamepopular sometechnologycompaniesstartedthinkingaboutmakingvideosthatfitintopeople spockets infact mostpdasandsomehand heldmobilephonesalreadyhavevideofunction sincethen manufacturersworldwidehavejoinedintherush amongthemarebigcompanieslikesony microsoftandapple althoughtheydon tcalltheirproductsmp4players sonycalleditsproductwithvideofunctionthepmp portablemediaplayer microsoftpreferspmc personalmediacentre whilesomeotherscallthegadgetspvps personalvideoplayer but basically theseproductsallhavethesamecorefunction playingvideocontent anmp4playerisnotjustanmp3playerwithanextravideofunction infact mp4playersmustbeabletoplay record andtransformlargevideocontent thatrequiresanoverallchangeinbothhardwareandsoftware storagemustbee