论文中如何做citations.doc

Bibliographical and In-text CitationThis style sheet should help you give proper citations for most of the sources you use in your paper. If you have a source that you are unsure how to cite, or you cant find an example below, ask me and I will help you.General Notes on BibliographyThe bibliography goes at the end of your paper. It includes all of the sources you have used in your paper. All citations in the bibliography are written single-spaced, with a hanging indent. You will organize your bibliography alphabetically, by the first letter in each citation.Example Bibliography:“Beijing daxue Beijing University” Baike. Baidu, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2012.Bristow, Michael. “Is Beijings Smog Getting Worse?” BBC News. BBC, 6 Dec. 2011. Web. 20 Feb. 2012. “Jillian Helped Anita Lose Over 100 Pounds.” Jillian Michaels. Waterfront Media, Inc., 7 April 2011 Web. 20 Feb. 2012.General Notes on In-text CitationIn-text citations go in the actual paper as you are writing it. They can either be written into the sentence or in parentheses at the end of a sentence. The purpose of an in-text citation is to lead the reader to the appropriate citation in the Bibliography. Therefore, the in-text citation is always the first part of the bibliographical citationusually this is the authors last name. Included in the in-text citation is the page number, if one is given.Example In-text Citations:In the Sentence: Shakespeare said that the essence of humor is brevity (22).Parenthetical: The essence of humor is brevity (Shakespeare 22).BooksBook Basic FormatAuthors Name*. Book Title. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year. Medium*.*Authors Name: for English writersLast Name, First Name.for Chinese writers Xing Ming (in pinyin, as you would normally write it in Chinese)*Medium: For books you read on paper, write “Print” here. If you read the book online, ask me for help.Book with One AuthorHanley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. New York: Penguin, 1987. Print.In-text: (Hanley 27)*27 is the specific page numberBook with Two or Three AuthorsWrite the name of the first author as above, but for the second author write First Name then Last Name.Gillespie, Paula, and Neal Lerner. The Allyn and Bacon Guide to Peer Tutoring. Boston: Allyn, 2000. Print.In-text: (Gillespie and Lerner 67)Book with Four or More AuthorsWrite the name of the first author, then “et al.” for the rest (it means “and others”).Frances, Anne, et al. Writing New Media: Theory and Applications for Teaching Composition. Logan: Utah State UP, 2004. Print.In-text: (Frances et al. 4)Translated BookFormat it like a normal book, but after Book Title write “Trans.” and then the name of the translator.Foucault, Michel. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity. Trans. Richard Howard. New York: Random House, 1998. Print.In-text: (Foucault 59)Magazines and NewspapersMagazine Basic FormatAuthors Name. “Article Name.” Magazine Name. Issue.Volume (Year)*: Pages*. Medium*.*Issue.Volume (Year) is especially for Academic Journals or Magazines. For other magazines, you can replace this with “Day Month Year.”*Pages: List the page your article begins and ends in the magazine; if there are no page numbers, write “n.pag.” here.*Medium: if you read the magazine on paper, write “Print.” If you read it online, write “Web,” and include the “Date Accessed” (the date you read the article).Magazine (on paper)Hesketh, Therese, Li Lu, and Zhu Wei Xing. “The Effect of Chinas One-Child Family Policy after 25 Years.” New England Journal of Medicine. 353.11 (2005): 1171-1176. Print.In-text: (Hesketh, Li, and Zhu 1174)Magazine (online)Hesketh, Therese, Li Lu, and Zhu Wei Xing. “The Effect of Chinas One-Child Family Policy after 25 Years.” New England Journal of Medicine. 353.11 (2005): 1171-1176. Web. 20 Feb. 2012.In-text: (Hesketh, Li, and Zhu 1174)Newspaper Basic FormatAuthors Name. “Article Name.” Newspaper Name. Day Month Year: Pages. Medium*.*Medium: if you read the newspaper on paper, write “Print.” If you read it online, write “Web,” and include the “Date Accessed”.Newspaper (online)Qi Xiao. “Beijings population exceeds 22 million.” China Daily. 26 Feb. 2010: n. pag. Web. 20 Feb. 2012.In-text: (Qi)WebsiteWebsite Basic FormatAuthors Name. “Page Name.” Website Name. Sponsor or Publisher*, Date Published. Medium*. Date Accessed.*Sponsor or Publisher: This is usually at the bottom of a webpage, with a symbol next to it. If you cant find it, put “n.p.” here instead.*Medium: For websites, this is always “Web.” Website with Author, Page Name, and Date PublishedBristow, Michael. “Is Beijings Smog Getting Worse?” BBC News. BBC, 6 Dec. 2011. Web. 20 Feb. 2012.In-text: (Bristow)Website with Author and Date PublishedFelluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003. Web. 20 Feb. 2012.In-text: (Felluga)Website with Page Name and Date Published“Jillian Helped Anita Lose Over 100 Pounds.” Jillian Michaels. Waterfront Media, Inc., 7 April 2011 Web. 20 Feb. 2012.In-text: (“Jillian Helped Anita”)Website with Page Name (write “n.d.” for the Date Published) “Beijing daxue Beijing Univer