四级作文热词.doc

四级作文热词手机过度使用症 OCUD 2010-11-26 15:30 手机带给人们最大的便利就是可以随时随地保持通话，而这样的便利同时也早就了一批耳朵粘着手机不放的“手机通话狂”。OCUD (Obsessive Cellphone Use Disorder) describes a person who continually talks on their cellphone in public, while driving, checking out, or eating in a restaurant.OCUD（全称Obsessive Cellphone Use Disorder，手机过度使用症）指一个人一直在用手机打电话，无论开车、出门或是在餐馆吃饭，都一直在打电话的状态。For example:I wish that lady would get off her cellphone and watch the road. Gosh, she must have OCUD or something.我真希望那位女士能放下手机看着点路。天啊，她一定得了手机过度使用症啥的。相关阅读手机掩护法 cellular faux无手机焦虑症 nomophobia手机幻听 ringxiety（中国日报网英语点津 Helen 编辑）手机掩护法 cellular faux 2010-07-14 16:06 自从有了手机以后，我们似乎多了一样可以保护自己的武器。街上偶遇不想见到的人，或者独自一人处在陌生的环境中的时候，我们都可以拿出手机，让它靠近耳朵，然后面带微笑，让别人以为我们在打电话，然后尴尬就这么过去了。这就是cellular faux。Cellular faux refers to a social phenomenon wherein which a person acts as though he is on his cell phone in order to shield himself from uncomfortable situations.手机掩护法（cellular faux）指有人为了避免使自己陷入尴尬境地而假装在打电话的情形。For example:When Peggy saw the beggar approaching, she flipped open her LG and began laughing incessantly as though someone had told a joke on the other end of the line. Still penniless, the beggars plan was thwarted by cellular faux.看到那个乞丐走过来，佩琪立马打开自己的LG手机，然后不停地大笑，感觉好像电话那头有人在给她讲笑话。空手而归的乞丐就这样被手机掩护法给蒙了。无手机焦虑症 nomophobia 2009-08-04 15:44 如果有一天出门太急忘了带手机，你会怎么样？估计很多人都会说，要是走得不远的话一定会回去拿的。从什么时候开始，手机成了我们生活的必需品？而且是时刻要在视野范围内的一个必需品。每天不知道有多少人因为手机没电或者余额不足而焦躁不安。英国的研究人员给这样的症状起了个名字，叫nomophobia。Nomophobia is the fear of being out of mobile phone contact. The term, an abbreviation for no-mobile-phone phobia, was coined during a study by the UK Post Office who commissioned YouGov, a UK-based research organization to look at anxieties suffered by mobile phone users. The study found that nearly 53 percent of mobile phone users in Britain tend to be anxious when they lose their mobile phone, run out of battery or credit, or have no network coverage.无手机焦虑症（nomophobia）指手机联系不畅通时的恐惧心理。这个词是no-mobile-phone phobia（无手机焦虑症）的缩写形式，是由英国一个名为YouGov的研究机构在受英国邮局委托研究手机用户焦虑症状时首创的一个说法。该研究发现，英国有近53的手机用户在“手机丢失、手机没电或余额不足、或者不在服务区”的时候会感到焦虑不安。The study compared stress levels induced by the average case of nomophobia to be on-par with those of wedding day jitters and trips to the dentists. Ten percent of those questioned said they needed to be contactable at all times because of work. More than one in two nomophobes never switch off their mobile phones.该研究发现，一般状况下的无手机焦虑症引发的压力水平相当于“婚礼紧张症”和看牙医时所经历的压力水平。有百分之十的受访者表示因为工作原因需要随时保持手机畅通。一半以上的无手机焦虑症患者从不关机。手机幻听 ringxiety 2009-06-23 16:19 办公室里，键盘敲击声和手机铃声此起彼伏。明明不是自己电话响，却还是忍不住要拿出手机来看一眼。过了一会儿，似乎感觉到放手机的地方在振动，赶紧掏兜看手机，哦，原来手机并没有响动。你是不是也有过这样的经历？告诉你吧，这种情况就是我们常说的“手机幻听”，在英文里叫ringxiety。Ringxiety is a portmanteau neologism formed from the words ringtone and anxiety. Ringxiety is described as the sensation and the false belief that one can hear his or her mobile phone ringing or feel it vibrating, when in fact the telephone is not doing so.Ringxiety（手机幻听）是由ringtone（手机铃声）和anxiety（焦虑）两个词组合而成的一个词，指在手机没有响动的情况下，人们听到手机响或者感到其振动的错觉。Other terms for this concept include phantom ring effect and fauxcellarm. The reasoning for this relates partially to the idea that humans are particularly sensitive to auditory tones between 1,000 and 6,000 hertz, and basic mobile phone ringers often fall within this range. False vibrations are less well understood, however, and could have psychological or neurological sources.其他可以用来指代“手机幻听”的说法还有phantom ring effect和fauxcellarm。导致这一现象的部分原因可能是人类对1000到6000赫兹的声音频率比较敏感，而手机铃声大都在这一频率范围内。错觉手机振动的反应就不太好解释了，可能有心理或神经方面的原因。垃圾睡眠 junk sleep 2009-07-21 15:22 睡眠专家们近几年发现，现在很多青少年睡眠时间都不足4个小时，而且睡眠质量不高。甚至很多青少年都是玩着游戏睡着的，因此睡眠质量无法保证，从而影响白天的学习和工作表现。专家们把这种睡眠状态叫做junk sleep，由此可见其危害程度了。Junk Sleep refers to low-quality sleep caused by disruptions from nearby electronic devices such as cell phones, computers, and TVs, which is of neither the length nor quality that it should be in order to feed the brain with the rest it needs to perform properly at school or work.垃圾睡眠指低质睡眠状态，多因手机、电脑及电视等电子设备的运行而致。这种睡眠状态因无法给大脑提供足够长时间和高质量的休息而导致其在日常的工作学习中无法正常运转。As a lifestyle choice, it is just as harmful as junk food. It is a Sleep Disorder which not only leads to exhaustion, moodiness and acne, but to more serious complaints like depression, decreased creativity, reduced socialization, poor performance, degraded immune functioning, aggressiveness and the inability to handle complex tasks.作为一种生活方式，垃圾睡眠和垃圾食品一样都是有害的。这是一种睡眠紊乱状态，不仅会导致疲惫、忧郁及粉刺等症状，还有可能会引发更加诸如抑郁、创造力减弱、社会交际减少、表现欠佳、免疫能力和竞争能力下降以及无法应对复杂任务等更加严重的后果。火灾消防有关词汇 2010-11-18 09:20 2010年11月15日14时，上海余姚路胶州路一栋高层公寓起火。据附近居民介绍，公寓内住着不少退休教师，起火点位于10-12层之间，整栋楼都被大火包围着，楼内还有不少居民没有撤离。截至11月16日9时20分，大火已导致53人遇难，另有70余人正在接受治疗。英语点津借此总结归纳了常见的火灾消防相关词汇供大家学习和参考，同时提醒大家，冬季干燥，请小心用火用电。accident analysis 事故分析accident and sickness benefits 事故和疾病补助accident arson fire 事故式纵火accident at work 操作事故accident cause 事故原因accident compensation 事故损失赔偿accident cost 事故造成的经济损失accident due to negligence 过失责任事故accident environment 发生事故的环境accidental explosion 意外爆炸accidental ignition 意外发火accompanying fire 伴随性火灾active fire control 主动灭火active fire precaution 主动防火active fire protection system 主动消防系统alarm buzzer 警报器alarm call 警戒呼叫alarm center 警报中心basement fire 地下室火灾blast wind 爆炸气浪burning area 燃烧面积burning intensity 燃烧强度constructional material 建筑材料death by burning 烧死death by poisoning 中毒死death by suffocation 窒息死death count 死亡数emergency stop valve 防火开关failure to follow instruction 违反操作程序（来源：网络，编辑：Helen）盘点：如何用英文说班级里的干部 2010-10-05 08:38 在我们的班级里，有着大大小小的干部：班长、学习委员、组织委员、劳动委员每个委员都承担着自己领域的责任，为同学们的学习和生活提供服务。今天我们就来看看如何用英语说这些委员的称号。班委会 class committee班长 class monitor副班长 assistant class monitor学习委员 commissary in charge of studies组织委员 commissary in charge of organization宣传委员 commissary in charge of publicity文艺委员 commissary in charge of literature and art体育委员 commissary in charge of sports生活委员 commissary in charge of general affairs劳动委员 commissary in charge of physical labour其实“啥啥委员”是很中国化的东西，所以英语中也没有确切对应的表达方式。以上译法是我们这里比较通用的方式，不过就小编个人看来，将其中的commissary一词换做class representative（班级代表）更为贴切一些。下面是一所国外学校的The Class Committee Structure（班委结构图）：其中form teacher是指级任导师，也就是年级组长的概念。我们可以发现他们都是分成了一个个Committee：Welfare Committee（福利委员会，负责向学生提供福利服务，如：订购午膳饭盒、文具等）, Environment Committee（环境委员会）, Special Projects Committee（特殊项目委员会）, Subject Areas Committee（学科工作委员会）。所以要说“啥啥委员”时也可以用a member of XXX Committee 或者 XXX Committee Member。研究：独生子女最幸福Only children are the happiest, says new study 2010-11-15 13:57 特别推荐：亚运英语学习之旅英国一项最新研究显示，独生子女比有兄弟姐妹的孩子更幸福，而且家庭中手足同胞之间的敌意会对孩子的心理健康产生严重的影响。该研究指出，受调查的孩子中超过半数都表示曾经被兄弟姐妹欺负，还有孩子称曾遭辱骂或者个人物品被偷。这项研究还显示，不用在父母那里争宠以及不用与兄弟姐妹共享卧室等也是独生子女感觉更加幸福的原因。Reasons for only children being more contented include not having to compete for parental attention with a sibling.Only children are happier than those with brothers or sisters, according to new research which shows sibling rivalry can have a serious effect on a childs emotional wellbeing.Over half of the children surveyed said they had been bullied by a sibling, and one in three said they had been hit, kicked or pushed on regular occasions. Others complained of name-calling and having their belongings stolen.The Understanding Society study run by the Institute for Social and Economic Research concluded that happin