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0011 柴油 动力 货车 传动轴 离合器 操纵 机构 设计

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0011-3吨柴油动力货车（传动轴、离合器及操纵机构的设计）,0011,柴油,动力,货车,传动轴,离合器,操纵,机构,设计

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车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书3吨柴油动力货车设计（传动轴、离合器及操纵机构设计）摘 要本文介绍了近年来发展的新型拉式膜片弹簧离合器的结构特点和工作原理，并与传统的推式膜片弹簧离合器进行了对比。在相同的约束条件下，优化后的拉式膜片弹簧，无论是在后备系数的稳定性、膜片的最大当量应力方面，还是在分离力的大小方面，均优于推式膜片弹簧。然后，对于拉式膜片弹簧的载荷-变形特性和应力-变形特性作了详细分析。在分析的基础上，阐述了拉式膜片弹簧基本参数的选择和设计。由于拉式膜片弹簧离合器具有许多优点，故拉式膜片弹簧离合器是一种很有发展前途的汽车离合器。本设计通过对传动轴的传动类型分析，结合所设计车的特点以及市场趋势等因素，对传动方式和传动轴进行了选型；通过对传动轴的类型与结构分析，选择传动轴的十字轴滚针轴承的密封形式为盖板式密封，并在其密封部位采用橡胶骨架油封和毡圈油封相结合的密封形式，以适应农村地区的恶略路况；通过对万向节的十字轴、滚针轴承、万向节差的设计计算，确定了所设计车辆使用的这些部件的具体尺寸；通过对传动轴的临界转速和计算载荷的确定，用待定系数法确定了传动轴的花键轴和轴管的尺寸，并校核了其扭转强度和临界转速，确定了合适的安全系数。鉴于矩形花键的一系列优点和国内的生产加工水平，传动轴花键采用了矩形花键。关键词：离合器，膜片弹簧式, 传动轴, 十字轴6 TON DIESEL POWER VAN DESIGN (TRANSMISSION SHAFT、CLUTCH AND CONTROLLING ORGANIZATION DESIGN)ABSTRACTIn this paper, the constructional features and principles of operation of recently developed new style pull-type diaphragm spring clutch are described in contrast with the traditional push-type diaphragm spring clutch.In the same dimension,pull-type diaphragm spring by optimum design is better than push-type,in respect of stability of reservation coefficient maximum equivalent stress of diaphragm and magnitude of declutching force.Then,the load-deflection characteristics and stress-deflection characteristics of pull-type diaphram spring are analysed in detail.Base on these analyses,the selection of main parameters and design of this spring are discussed.The pull-type diaphragm spring clutch possesses many advantages,therefore pull-type diaphram spring clutch is a very prospective motor vehicle clutch.The thesis introduced power transmission shaft used on transporting. According to the features of the vans and the characters of the road in rural areas ,we chose the simply made open style power transmission shaft .For vans , its cost and convenience for reparation and adaptability rather than its comfort ability and science ratio are concerned .So during the design we did not pay too much attention to the popular which is often advanced technology of the filed .On the contrary ,we just made some necessary improvement to the using form .For example ,we use involutes serration instead of rectangle serration ,so the durability of the spine will be much upgraded while its cost still low because nowadays its not more difficult to machine involutes serration than rectangle serration .To up the durability of the shaft ,we paid much attention to the seal form of the unit .We used rubber bone seal together with felt washer . KEY WORD：clutch, pull-mebrane-spring type, transmission shaft, cross axle符 号 说 明物理量代号单位物理量代号单位摩擦片外径Dmm发动机最大功率时转速nr/min摩擦片最大圆周速度Vm/s离合器后备系数单位压力静摩擦力矩N.m摩擦面间的静摩擦因数f压盘施加在摩擦面上的工作压力FN摩擦面数Z摩擦片的平均摩擦半径mm单位摩擦面积滑磨功w汽车总质量Kg轮胎滚动半径m主减速器传动比轴的扭转切应力轴的抗扭截面系数发动机最大转矩N.m物理量代号单位物理量代号单位传动轴计算载荷变速器一挡传动比计算驱动桥数n万向传动的计算转矩N.m万向传动的最大夹角十字轴轴颈根部弯曲应力滚针工作长度mm材料的弹性模量E临界转速r/mi安全系数K动载系数传动花键轴的扭转切应力齿侧挤压应力变速器一挡传动比目 录第一章 前言.1第二章 离合器概述.22.1离合器设计要求.22.2 离合器的工作原理.32.3 离合器功用及分类.32.4 离合器结构方案分析.4第三章 离合器设计计算.73.1离合器参数的选择.73.2 从动盘总成.113.3 压盘和离合器盖计算.123.4 拉式膜片弹簧计算.14 3.5 膜片弹簧的优化设计.153.6扭转减震器计算.193.7 离合器