高三英语学生寒假自主学习讲义(一).doc

高三英语学生寒假自主学习讲义（一）【基础知识训练】一、根据汉语意思或首字母提示用本单元单词的适当形式填空。1. Absolutely 绝对地，肯定地，（口语）当然Its years since I enjoyed myself so much.Since表示“自从以来”，若since引导的状语从句中的动词为终止性的动作，则从句表示的时间从动作开始的那个时刻起。若since引导的状语从句中的动词为持续性的动作或者状态性的动作，则从句表示的时间从动作结束的那个时刻起。如：I havent heard from him since I left Shanghai. I havent heard from him since I lived in Shanghai.2. ranking rank second 排名第二3. Considering4. attraction tourist attraction 旅游胜地5. sought go from bad to worse 每况越下，越来越糟6. occasion7. equipped8. compulsory9. bound be bound to do 肯定，一定10. Occupying occupy oneself with=be occupied with 忙于做某事二、用方框里所给的短语的适当形式填空。1. little more than 仅仅，只不过2. stressed the importance of 强调的重要性3. In terms of 在方面，就而言4. on behalf of 代表5. in particular 特别，尤其6. owed to owe sth to sb 把某事归因于某人，把某事归功于某人7. draw inspiration from 从中得到灵感8. on condition that 倘若，如果，在条件下9. is; consistent with 与相一致 = correspond with10. occupy herself with 忙于做某事三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. had seenThis is the first time they _ (see) a film in the cinema together as a family.2. prepared be prepared for sth 做好准备做某事（表示准备好的状态）prepare for sth 为做准备 (强调动作和过程)The students are busy _ for the final exam. I know there are problems,and I _ for this.3. to be changing He is said to study abroad next year.He is said to be studying abroad now.He is said to have studied abroad for two years.4. be equipped 不定式表目的 5. to help take the trouble to do sth 不辞劳苦地做某事，费力做某事6. to understandHis speech is easy to undertand.The question is difficult to answer.7. hidden8. Devoteddevote oneself to doing sth=be devoted to doing sth 致力于，献身于9. being defeated 10. thinking set sb/sth doing sth This has set the alarm bells ringing. 四、句子翻译1. He suspected her of not being fully loyal to him.2. They refused to join forces with us.3. The government will not negotiate with terrorists.4. Its a wonderful plan, and he is the very person to put it into effect.5. Nothing can compensate for losing my husband.【综合能力提升】一、单项填空15 BBCCD 610 ABCDD 1115 ACBCB1. In order to persuade drivers to _ checking their phone whenever it rings, New York State is to introduce “Texting Zones” along its major highways.resist doing sth 抵抗，忍住3. -Do you know there is a saying that _“Teach a man to fish but not give a man a fish.”-Yes, it means helping those in need of help _ themselves instead of just being helped.There is a saying that goes “ Teach.”= As a saying goes, teach.= A saying goes that teach.help sb (to) do sthC. goes, help5. -My goodness! Fang Zuming and Ke Zhengdong have been arrested! -What a pity! No drugs, and they _in jail.含蓄条件句 有时候虚拟语气不用条件从句，而是通过上下文或用介词短语等形式表示，如without, butfor(要不是)， otherwise, or Without air, human being would not be able to survive.=If there were no air, human being would not be able to survive. But for your timely help, we _ (not finish) the task on time. Luckily Mary phoned to inform me of the meeting, or I _ (be) absent.7. -As a shopping paradise and a center of delicious food, Hong Kong is really worth your visit. -_, sir, but I dont like being called locusts（蝗虫）in my face. They have to reflect on the problem. I meant it.no offence 无意冒犯，不要见怪8. When monkey-pox, a disease usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest, it is hard not to wonder _ the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings.monkey- pox 猴痘（也叫天花病毒）9. All his time _research on Genetically Modified Food, he _from the CCTV and went to the USA for further investigation.A. devoting to doing; retired B. devoted to doing; retiredC. devoting to doing; resigned D. devoted to doing; resigned retire from 从退休 resigh from 从辞职 独立主格结构：在用分词短语作状语时，它逻辑上的主语一般与句子的主语一致，但有时它可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构,在句中作状语。如： He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. Weather permitting, we will go for an outing tomorrow. There being no bus, we had to go back home on foot.10. The newly-elected leaders took office this year, _great changes have been witnessed in the so-called “Hunting Tigers” against corrupt officials. 关系副词前面一般不加介词，但from where 和since when是例外。此时的where是指代地点短语，when是指代时间，而不是指代某个先行名词。 比如：1.The book was written in 1946, _ the education system has witnessed great changes. 2. We went up to the roof,_we had a good view of the procession.14. _the many ways illegal immigrants come into the United States every year, the vehicle crammed with crowds seems to be the method of choice lately. However, tragedies, such as deaths on the journey to the destination, are sometimes reported nowadays. of. 中的She read some of the most famous poems in Japan.Of 300 students, only 12 passed the exam.He has many habit, _ are harmful. A. some of them B. which of some C. of which few D. few of whose15. -I have to let out the size of my trousers! To be honest, I need to see a doctor. -I bet you eat too much. _.A. An apple a day keeps the doctor away 一天一苹果，医生远离我B. Diet cures more than the doctor 药补不如食补C. Neglect of health is doctors wealth 忽视健康,医生财旺D. laugh at your ills, and save doctors bills 生病不忧虑,节省医药费二、完形填空1620 ABDCA 2125 DBACB 2630 CADCB 3135 ADBDC16. A. convey 传达，表达 B. clarify 阐明，澄清 C. interpret 解释，说明D. hidden被隐藏17.A. unconscious 无意识的，昏迷的 B. thoughtful 体贴的，考虑周到的C. tentative暂时的，尝试性的 D. confidential 秘密的，机密的18. a short list 一张短的购物单。前面”there wasnt much money left over for holiday shopping”和”do a little Christmas shopping”可以看出来19. prepare oneself for sth 为做好准备20. look sb in the eye 直视某人21. There must be something you want. 一定有你们想要的东西。Must do表示对现在的较为肯定的推测22. reply=response 回答，答复23. seriously 严肃地，认真地。说真的=I mean it24. disbelief 不相信25. determined 坚决的，坚定的，下定决心的26. we have everything a girl could want. 我拥有一个女孩所想要的一切。27. We are happy just to have you. 拥有你们我们就很开心了。28. skip 跳跃，跳过，遗漏 I felt my heart skip a beat. 我感觉我的心漏跳了一拍。（表示当时的激动）29. as my eyes welled with tears of joy 我的眼里涌出了开心的泪水30. take over 占上风，取而代之31. kill sb with kindness 好的让人受不了；因为溺爱某人而害了某人32. bless sb with=be blessed with 有幸享有33. the Christmas tree 圣诞树34. A. put up 举起，搭建，张贴，留宿 B. take up 占用（时间或空间），开始从事 C. cut up切D.sum up 总结35. gift 礼物三、阅读理解（A）3637BDMovies About TeachersFront of the ClassBrad Cohens story stars as a young boy whose mother helped doctors to realize that he had Tourette syndrome（妥瑞症）. With his mothers help and the support of his school principal, Brad eventually becomes an award-winning teacher. Thanks to his mother never giving up, Brad is a success story and shares his success with everyone around him.Mona Lisa SmileKatherine, takes a position teaching “History of Art” in a conservative womens college.She wants to make a difference and influence upon the next generation of women. Discovering that the girls have memorized everything from the textbook, she encourages spirited classroom discussions about topics such as what the Mona Lisas smile means. This brings her into conflict with College President who warns Katherine to stick to the textbook if she wants to keep the job Good Will HuntingAfter MIT professor Lambeau challenges students with a math problem on a hallway blackboard, Will, the rebellious 20-year-old MIT cleaner leaves the correct solution.As Will has problems with the police, Lambeau offers an out. He also contacts a therapist（治疗师）as his instructor. Both are equally stubborn, but Will is finally forced to deal with his past and his future.Les ChoristesClement Mathieu works as an inspector in a boarding school for orphans and problematic boys, most of whom have severe punishments for their faults by the cruel director Rachin.Clement decides to teach the boys to sing in a choir and identify the musical potential of the rebel Pierre Morhange. With his methods, Clement changes the lives of the boys, of the other employees and his own.36. 从文中划线部分可以看出37. A teacher can never tell where his influence stops. 一个老师永远不知道他的影响止于何方（即老师的影响是深远的）（B）3840CBD38. mugshot 大头照，面部照片。根据第一段中”build up a picture of an offenders face”可知39. 根据第三段这句话“Such genetic mugshots may be more reliable than computer-generated “e-fits” based on witnesses recollections.” 这样的基因的面部照片要比基于目击者的回忆用电脑生成的电子面部特征要可靠得多。40. 根据第一段 “DNA left at a crime scene could be used in the future to build up a picture of an offenders face, it was revealed tonight”在犯罪现场留下的DNA能够在将来被用来建立罪犯的面部照片（C）4145ACBBB41. 第五段“the Belarskys came to America in search of freedomto them the American Dream meant liberty.”42. overtake 赶上，超越，压倒 the materialistic slant of the dream overtook the political side 物质主义的倾向超越了政治的一面 此句前面的那一句“In the 1950s, TV commercials featured housewives proudly showing off kitchens filled with gleaming appliances. The quest for liberation became a quest for Coca Cola.”43. 倒数第三段“Cheyanne Smith was shocked at the deprivation that greeted her in America” “the deprivation of one of New Yorks poorest neighbourhoods shocked her.“ I thought thisis not America because this is not what I see on television,” “hes worried that Brooklyns schools arent going to give him a good enough education.”44. 最后一段的最后一句“What is startling is that these bright, ambitious youngsters just dont believe that talent and hard work are enough to ensure they will ever have a shot at that mythical American Dream.”45. 根据这篇文章，美国梦从原来的政治目的-单纯地追求自由到后来转变为对物质的追求，从而使得很多年轻的美国移民开始怀疑美国梦。（D）4650 ACCBD46. 根据第一段 “Mitchell attended Smith College, a womens college in Northampton, Massachusetts.”47. 根据第二段“Gone with the Wind differs from most Civil War novels by glorifying the South and uglifying the North.” 飘和大部分的内战小说不同是因为它称颂南方而丑化北方。48. 根据第三段“Female Intelligence and Capability are highlighted by Mitchell in the novel Gone with the Wind.” Despite the severe gender inequality of their time, women in the novel show strength and intelligence that equals or bests the strength and intelligence of men.女性的智慧和能力在小说飘中被Mitchell突出强调了。尽管他们那个时代严重的性别不平等，小说中的女性表现出等同于甚至超越男性的力量和智慧。接下来的几个例子“Scarlett”Melanie”Old Miss Fontaine and Ellen”都是为了证明这一点49. manipulate操纵，控制，处理50. 这篇文章介绍了Mitchell和她所写的唯一的一部小说，但也是经久不衰的作品飘四、任务型阅读51. Experiment experiment on=test 对.做实验52. progress make advances in=make progress in53. developed54. safe/secure safety (n.)- adj. _55. relate(s) relevant(adj.)相关的，有关的 relate to 与有关56. Harm do harm to 对有害57. opposed/ objecting oppose sth=be opposed to sth= object to sth58. cost cost sb sth 使某人付出某物为代价59. reliable/valid not reliable = unreliable60. additional/extra五、书面表达随着人们生活水平的提高，越来越多的人选择走出家门去探索世