英语单项知识的讲解与练习(122).docx

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（122）606. energy的用法energy能力、能量。例句：Young people usually have moreenergythan the old.青年人通常比老年人精力充沛。Dont waste your time andenergyon trifles.别把你的时间和精力浪费在琐事上。Auckland is a city full ofenergy.奥克兰是个充满活力的城市。The industry felt the effects of theenergycrisis.该工业受到能源危机的影响。He gave a lecture on the use of solarenergy.他就太阳能的利用作了一场讲演。短语：apply/ devote ones energies to a task致力于工作；full of energy 充满精力；have much energy 精力充沛；all ones energies to a job一个人的全部工作能力；a burst of energy一股劲；quantity of energy能量；sources of energy能源；devote ones energy to致力于；direct ones energy to致力于；have much energy精力充沛；pour energy into把精力倾注于；work with energy努力工作；用法： energy的基本意思是“活力”“干劲”“能力”,多用作不可数名词,在指人的“精力”时多用复数形式。引申可表示“能”“能量”“能源”。energy作“能力”解时,其后面可用动词不定式作定语,但不可用 v -ing形式。比较： energy 能、能量，是物理学名词，用于人时，指生理上的精力，用来做某事或完成某事的能力，以及自然界的能量。如：He is full of energy. strength指人的力量、体力，指物的强度、潜力。如：An apes strength may be greater than a mans. force主要指自然界的力量、暴力、势力、说服力、压制力、法律、道德或感情的力量，军事力量等。如：The window was stuck, but father got it open by force. power主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能；人或机器等事物潜在的或发挥出来的力量、职权、权力或政权。如：Knowledge is power.练习：Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of _. A. energy B. source C. power D. material Mr Pu, an actor of China, has devoted all his _ to the job, which helps the patients suffering from Aids. A. spirits B. lives C. energies D. careers You are always full of _. Can you tell me the secret? Taking plenty of exercise every day. A. power B. strength C. force D. energyThe teacher devotes his _ his teaching work. A. energy to B. energies at C. energies to D. energy at607. engage的用法engage使从事于、保证、使订婚。例句：Jack and Anne areengaged.杰克和安妮订婚了。I haveengageda room at this hotel.我已经在这个旅馆里预订了一个房间。I have no time toengagein the debate.我没时间参加辩论。Is it wise toengagein active sports at your age? 我这样的年纪积极参加体育活动是否明智？Theyengagein the study of music.他们从事音乐研究。短语：engage with somebody与某人交战；engage in something从事某事；engage somebody as a teacher聘请某人当教师；engage in teaching从事教学工作；engage oneself/ sb to do something 保证做某事、让某人做某事；be engaged in doing something 从事于某事；be engaged on something 研究某事；be engaged with somebody与某人约会；engage sb to sb使某人与某人订婚；be engaged to sb与某人订婚（状态）；get engaged to sb 与某人订婚（动作）； engage with a visitor陪客人；engage sb as adviser聘请某人当顾问；engage for应允,保证,约定；用法：engage主要用作及物动词,接名词、代词作宾语。作“雇,聘”解时可以接以as短语充当补足语的复合宾语。作“保证”解时可接for+名词或that从句,也可接oneself+to- v 构成的复合结构。engage接介词in可表示“参加”; 接介词with可表示“交战”; 表示“订婚”则接介词to。比较：engage in 从事，后可接各种活动、工作等名词或动名词。如：No sooner had he returned home than he engaged in putting things in order. 但不能跟表示思维活动的动名词，如：thinking, guessing, wondering等。 be/ get engaged to 与订婚，后须接表示人的名词。如：My sister was engaged to the young man.练习：The young lady _ the painter after she had _ him for 3 years. A. married; engaged B. be married; be engaged C. married; been engaged to D. be married to; engaged to How long has he _ to the girl? Only a month. A. engaged B. got engaged C. been engaged D. engaged oneself Many students are engaged _ for their midterm exam. A. to prepare B. to preparing C. in preparing D. preparing He returned home to learn that his daughter _ a man _ Jack. A. had just been engaged to; named B. had just engaged to; named C. had just been engaged with; naming D. had just engaged with; naming The handsome young man now _ decorating the house has been _ to Maria, a pretty girl from France. A. engaging in; engaged to B. engaged to; engaged with C. engaged in; engaged to D. engaging in; engaged with608. enjoy的用法enjoy喜欢。例句：Now that I am free, I canenjoymusic for a while.既然有空，我可以享受一下音乐。Theyenjoythe fruits of their hard labor. 他们享受自己辛勤努力的成果。How did youenjoythe concert?你喜欢那场音乐会吗？Ienjoyreading Mark Twains autobiography. 我喜欢读马克吐温的自传。短语：enjoy oneself = have a good time/ have a lot of fun 过得快乐；enjoy doing something 喜欢做某事；enjoy over ones wine饮酒作乐；enjoy to the full玩得十分痛快；enjoy life享受人生；enjoy music欣赏音乐；enjoy ones holiday某人假日过得愉快；用法：enjoy只用作及物动词,可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，但不能接不定式。可用于被动结构。enjoy作“观赏”解时,后面可以接表示时间的状语。enjoy后面常接反身代词作宾语,表示“玩得快乐,过得快活”,其后多接动名词。比较：enjoy 表示喜好时，侧重于对某件具体的事或行为感受到乐趣或得到享受。如：We together enjoyed the first sweets of success. like, love 表示喜好时，较常用于指一般的喜好。如：He likes swimming. / She loves her country. prefer表示喜好时，强调更加喜欢。如：I prefer to read this story.练习：Which do you enjoy _ your weekend, walking in the wood or fishing in the lake? A. spending B. to spend C. spent D. of spending If youre looking for an exciting place with lots of street life, _ moving to this city, where the streets are filled all day, bars and night clubs are open until 4 a.m., and the buses and subways run all night. A. enjoy B. consider C. youd better D. be sureI can take you home. Would you like a ride? Yes, Ill _ very much. Could you stop at the drugstore on the way? I need to buy some aspirin. A. thank you B. appreciate you C. appreciate it D. enjoy itHe used to _ to speak English, but now he _ reading English aloud. A. be too shy; is used to B. enjoy; used to C. be too shy; liked D. like; used to609. grip 的用法grip vt.紧握, 紧夹;n.掌握, 控制, 把手;v.抓住; 例句：The eagle seized its prey in a tenaciousgrip.鹰将捕获物紧紧抓住。The child would not let go hisgripon Tom. 这孩子紧紧地抓住汤姆不放。The audience weregrippedby the play. 这群观众被这部戏剧吸引住了。The frightened childgrippedhis mothers arm.这个受惊的孩子紧紧地抓着妈妈的胳膊。短语：in a grip of death拼命地；in the grip of受控制；shake hands with a hearty grip热情地握手；come within the grip of the law落入法网；grip sth in fear因害怕而抓住；gettake a grip on紧紧抓住；have a grip on对有吸引(力),掌握；keep a grip on抑制；let go ones grip of sth松开所握之物；lose ones grip失去自制；relaxrelease grip松手；用法：grip既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。grip后接on，表示“抓牢、控制、理解”。如：He released his grip on Mikes shoulders.练习：During a visit to the Forbidden City, she was heard to _ “its so beautiful” three times. A. have grasped B. have gripped C. have claimedD. have exclaimedThe students couldnt _ what the teacher was trying to explain. A. grip B. seize C. grasp D. snatchThe group of technicians are engaged in a study which _ all aspects of urban planning. A. inserts B. grips C. performs D. embraces When he woke up from his dream, the frightened boy tried to _ his mothers arm. A.grape B.grey C.grip D.graveThe accident _ him of his sight and the use of his legs. A. excluded B. disabled C. deprived D. gripped610. guilty 的用法guilty (adj)有罪的、犯法的、内疚的；例句：The court found himguilty.法官判他有罪。The man was provedguiltyof murder.这个男子被证实犯了杀人罪。A man is accounted innocent until he is provenguilty. 一个人未被证明有罪前，被视为是清白的。His answer evidenced aguiltyconscience.他的回答证明他良心有愧。短语：be guilty of a crime犯了罪；have a guilty conscience问心有愧；plead guilty服罪；plead not guilty不服罪；guilty looks内疚的神色；feel guilty感到内疚；lookplead guilty显得内疚；pronounce guilty of.宣判犯有罪；guilty about内疚的；guilty of a crime有罪,犯罪；guilty of a serious blunder犯大错；guilty of murdert