2可数名词.doc

可数名词一单数变复数1. 一般情况情况变化方法特殊情况1一般情况加s2以s, x,sh, ch结尾加es3以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加es以元音字母+y结尾加s4以0结尾加esheroes, potatoes, Negroes, echoestomatoes, torpedoes, dominoes, vetoes词末为两个原音字母，加sBamboos, radios, studios, zoos, cuckoos, kangaroos, folios, embryos某些外来词加sPhotos, solos, pianos, kilos, tobaccos, memos, Eskimos, Filipinos有些词加s或es都可以Banjo, cargo, motto, volcano, buffalo, archipelago, halo, manifesto, tornado5以f/fe结尾变f/fe为v再加esLeaf, life, shelf, wife, thief, half, knife, wolf, loaf, self 有些词直接加sRoofs, cliffs, proofs, hoofs, chiefs,gulfs, beliefs有些词加s或es都可以Scarf, handkerchief, dwarf2. 特殊情况 man-men, woman-women, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, child-children, goose-geese, mouse-mice, ox-oxen sanatorium-sanatoria（疗养院）, phenomenon-phenomena, stratum-strata（地层）, formula-formulae, thesis-theses, basis-bases, analysis-analyses, criterion-criteria, crisis-crises, appendix-appendices3. 单复数同形 Chinese, Japanese, barracks（兵营）, aircraft, sheep, deer, swine, means, series, species, works4. 合成名词 Lookers-on, runners-up, sons-in-law, editors-in-chief, grand-children, armymen, go-betweens, drawbacks, men servants, women doctors二 特别注意1. 有些名词形式上是复数但其意义是单数疾病名称：measles（麻疹）, mumps(腮腺炎), rickets（佝偻病）, diabetes（糖尿病）, phlebitis（静脉炎）, arthritis（关节炎）学科名称：mathematics, linguistics, politics, economics, acoustics, phonetics, physics, optics.比赛名称：billiards（台球）, checkers（西洋跳棋）, fives（一种类似手球游戏）, darts（投镖游戏）, marbles,（打弹子游戏） skittles（九柱戏）, draughts（国际跳棋）专有名词: Athens（雅典）, Naples(那不勒斯), the United States, The United Nations2. 由两个部分组成的物件名词常用复数衣服：trousers, pants, pajamas（睡衣）, braces(吊带、括号), breeches（马裤）用具：scissors, shears（剪切机）, pincers（钳子）, spectacles, tongs（夹子）, compasses, scales, pliers（钳子）, glasses, briefs（内裤）, shorts, 说明：这些名词作主语谓语动词用复数， 但前面有a pair of 时用单数3. 以-ings结尾的名词Belongings, earnings, savings, filings（锉屑）, lodgings（出租的住房）, surroundings, sweepings（垃圾）, doings, tidings, findings, shavings（切屑）, 4. 有些词通常一复数形式出现 Alms（施舍）, arms, archieves, clothes, contents, eaves（屋檐）, fireworks, goods, outskirts(郊区), minutes（会议记录） soapsuds（有泡沫的肥皂水）, stairs, suburbs（近郊）, the Middle Ages, wages（工资）, statistics, overalls（工作服）, remains（遗体）, congratulations, thanks, assets（资产、财产）, living-quarters（住宅）, riches（财产）, ashes, valuables, amends（赔款、赔偿）, annals（编年史、年报）, headquarters（总部、司令部）, tropics（热带）5. 有些名词在一定的词组中一定要用复数形式Take pains, present credentials, make arrangements, make preparations, give regards to, be at odds with（和不和）, sing the praises of, give respects to, master of ceremonies（司仪）, be in high spirits6. 有些名词复数形式表示特别意思Minutes, papers, goods, authorities, greens, looks, times, manners, customs, grounds（围院）, ruins, damages（赔偿金）, brains（智力）, imports, troops三名词单复数练习1. 写出下列各名词的复数形式 Baby branch tax mouse bush place inch cat roof tooth phenomenon goose dish lake prince ox mass butterfly handkerchief success holiday house knife map shelf piano glass tomato hero month mouth bridge brother-in-law gentleman commander-in-chief grown-up woman worker basis analysis index nucleus-nuclei(核子) erratum-errata（写错）2. 用名词的适当形式填空 Before liberation he could hardly live on his _(wage).One has to be especialy careful under such _(circumstance).Our institute is in the western _(suburb) of Beijing.The school _(authority) will take care of it.The new ambassador presented his _( credential) to the President yesterday.The students are making _(preparation) for the coming festival.Have you made _(arrangement) for your trip to Qingdao?Most of the the houses in the village were burnt to _(ash) during the war.The truck was loaded with _(bedding), _(suitcase) and _(food).10 When are yoy to report on your _(finding).11 He is making a study of freshwater _(fish).12 There are more than a dozen _(goldfish) in the bowl.13 Now the people are eating more _（fruit）than they did before liberation.14 Various _(fruit) are on sale now.15 Please tell us about your _(experience) in Tibet.16 Everyone was in high _(spirit).17 The trees are now in full _(blossom).18 The tree was covered with _(blossom).19 It contained a little quantity of _(hair); not more than one or two long golden _(hair).20 They exchanged _(greeting) whenever they met each other.(21)Today he is capable of making scientific _(analysis) of natural _(phenomenon).3. 将下列短语翻译成英语一把剪刀一条裤子一副眼镜他的所有物他的积蓄他的作品军备竞争祝贺住宅城郊贵重物品武装部队物理学语言学经济学统计学数学杂技政治学当局自然资源情绪高昂路费观光摆架子随身物品内部事务有礼貌出示证件举行谈判工作条件外交关系 名词的性和所有格一常见分阴阳性的名词阳性阴性godgoddessemperorempresskingqueenprinceprincessactoractresswaiterwaitressmastermistresshosthostessheirhieressshepherdshepherdesscountcountesslandlordlandladychairmanchairwomanwizardwitchpriestpriestesspoetpoetessmanagermanageresswidowerwidowheroheroineladlassnephewniecebridegroombridelionlionesstigertigeressbullcowhorsemarecockhendrakeduckheadmasterheadmistressmayormayoress二练习（翻译）男教师女作家男朋友女朋友男警察女警察男售货员女售货员男护士女歌手母象公象母猴雄狼母山羊表姐妹表兄弟三名词所有格 老李的电话号码 他嫂子的朋友总编辑室农民协会主席今天的报纸坐车半小时的路程政府的政策大多数人的意见公司的董事之一国家的计划北京的公园地球的表面这个省的人口这个岛的南端这个农场的水果收成车站的候车室旅馆的门口学校的历史哈佛大学语言学系工业的布局这本书的名称这个单词的语法作用the cars enginethe machines designhis lifes aimthe treatys ratificationthe novels plotsciences rolethe bodys needsthe polls resultsthe minds development为了友情黔驴技穷尽情地在某人的心目中博士学位 鲁迅的一本小说 老杨的几个学生 我哥哥的一些朋友学生会女工宿舍总司令的命令别人的房间我嫂嫂弟弟的女儿一年的艰苦劳动元旦除夕鸟瞰图国际儿童节尽情歌唱寄件人地址留言薄旅行支票一元钱的肉国际劳动妇女节四名词作定语 1. 单数名词作定语paper flowercotton goodsorange juicepower planttime tablefire brigadefamily planningresearch projectnews broadcastpress conferencehead librarianhead nurseeye dropsnose dropswelcome partywelcome speechemergency departmentbrain concussionseason ticketinquiry officeexpree trainweather forecastweather stationfeature filmseat beltforest beltsong and dance ensemblebox-office valueimport dutytrade deficitidentity cardcustoms officer空调装配线银行账户人才流失停车场信用卡带沟医疗中心所得税母语失业救济金军备竞赛血压开罐器隐形眼镜 contact lens药棉 cotton wool死刑温室效应矿泉水卫生纸福利国家激光唱盘 compact disc急救人权神经失常手榴弹hand grenade北极熊验血副作用贸易代表团强权政治恐怖电影邮政编码（电话）区号姓新闻社和谈就业指导careers guide峰会 summit conference汇票money order运动会心脏病入学考试闹钟客机商品交易会commodities fair新闻稿news release 2. 复数名词作定语goods trainarms depot军火库machines hallparks departmentexaminations boardsports meetcommodities fairsavings bankcourses committeeentertainments guidea customs housean Arts degree文科学位a grants committee补助金委员会 3. 比较gold reserve-golden sunshineheart trouble -hearty welcomeart circle-artistic levelsilver dollar- silvery hairstone house-stony heartsnow mountain-snowy table-clothrain drops- rainy seasonrose garden- rosy cheekscolour film-colourful dressesmountain village-mountainous areahistory teacher-historical playgeography lesson-geographical termpeace talk-peaceful constructionyouth deligation-youthful apperanceproduction plan-productive labour 4. 选择正确选项 You shouldnt miss such a _ opporyunity. He left him a _ ring. (gold, golden) He produced a few _ coins. She has got a _vioce. (silver, silvery) His report aroused great interest among the _circle. A number teachers of our institute are engaged in _ research. (science， scientific) Pass me the _ bottle, please. The wall is of _ colour. (milk, milky) A _ hall is to be built in this city this summer. The violin is a _ instrument. (music, musical) There is a _ gallery near Wangfujing Street. The book is full of _ descriptions. (picture, picturesque) Some people like the book for its _ language. There is a garden in our institute. (flower, flowery) )Over 90 percent of the women in our village are taking part in _ labour. All the factories in this district are engaged in the _ campa