how与what在句中换用的几种情况.doc

how与what在句中换用的几种情况how与what在句中换用的几种情况在英语中，how是个疑问副词，what是个疑问代词。在它们引起的句式中，有时可以互相换用，来表达相同或相似的意思。一、问天气：How？=Whatlike 如：How was the weather yesterday 昨天的天气怎么样？What was the weather like yesterday二、征求意见或建议：How about =What about？如：How about going skatingWhat about going skating 去滑冰怎么样？三、问年龄：How old =Whatthe age？你多大岁数了？四、问看法：Howlike =Whatthink of/about 如：How do you like this film 你认为这部影片怎么样What do you think of this film五、问价钱：How much？=Whatthe price 价钱）of？如：How much is the bookWhats the price of the book 这书多少钱？六、“howwhat+可数名词单数”构成感叹句：How + adj. + a/ an+ n!=What + a/an +adj. +n. ! 如：How clever a girl she is! 她是个多么聪明的女孩子啊！What a clever girl she is!七、“how/what+可数名词复数或不可数名词”构成感叹句，句子结构有所不同，汉语意思也稍有差异。如：How high the mountains are！这些山多高啊！What high mountains they are！多高的山啊！当然，有些由how引起的感叹句是不能用what进行转换的，如下列句子中的how不宜换用what。How fast he is running！他跑得多快啊！How time flies！光阴似箭！不定代词用法归纳(详细讲解)本站特约作者陈根花一、不定代词概说英语的不定代词有all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every等，以及由some, any, no和every构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词none以及由some, any, no和every构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语，而no和every则只用作定语。二、指两者和三者的不定代词有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither)，有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every)，注意不要弄混：Both of my parents are doctors.我的父母都是医生。All of the students are interested in it.所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。There are trees on any side of the square.广场的每一边都种有树。He has two sons, neither of whom is rich.他有两个儿子，都不富有。He has three sons, none of whom is rich.他有三个儿子，都不富有。【说明】each可用于两者、三者或三者以上，而every只用于三者或三者以上，因此用于两者时只能用each，不能用every。如不能说There are trees on every side of the road.三、复合不定代词的用法特点复合不定代词包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。something, someone等和anything, anyone等的区别与some和any的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点：1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时，定语应放在它们后面：There is nothing wrong with the radio.这收音机没有毛病。Have you seen anyone anybody famous?你见过名人吗?2.指人的复合不定代词若用作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数，相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they, them, their：Everyone knows this, doesnt he dont they?人人都知道这一点，不是吗?If anybody anyone comes, ask him them to wait.要是有人来，让他等着。3.指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语，谓语动词只能用单数，相应的人称代词也只能用it，而不用they：Everything is ready, isnt it?一切都准备好了，是吗?4.不定代词anyone, everyone等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of短语。若是指物或后接of短语，可用any one, every one (分开写)：any one of the boys (books)孩子们(书)当中的任何一个(本)every one of the students (schools)每一个学生(一所学校)五、不定代词与部分否定不定代词all, both, every等与not连用时构成部分否定；若要表示完全否定，则需换用none, neither, no one等。比较：All of the students like the novel.所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。Not all of the students li