2010英语二答案及难点注解.doc

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(英语二)试题标准答案section I Use of English（10points）1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.A11.C 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.C16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.BSection Reading comprehensionpartA21.D 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.C26.A 27.C 28.B 29.D 30.B31.A 32.A 33.D 34.C 35.B36.D 37.A 38.C 39.B 40.DPart B41.F 42.T 43.F 44.T 45.FSection Translation最近，“承受力”成了一个流行词，但对Ted Ning来说，他对其含义有自己亲身的体会。在经历了一段无法承受的痛苦生活后，他清楚的认识到，旨在提高承受力的价值观只有通过每日的行为和抉择才能得到体现。Ning回忆起九十年代后期销售保险那困惑的一年。在经历了网络泡沫的膨胀和破灭后，他急需找到一份工作，因此就与Boulder公司签了约。但情况并不顺利。“这的确是糟糕的一步，因为它激不起我的工作热情，”Ning说。不出所料，工作上的进退维谷造成他销售业绩不佳。“我很痛苦，愁肠百结，常常在半夜惊醒，望着天花板发愣。我身无分文，需要这份工作。大家都说，等等看，过一段时间情况会好转的。”Section WritingPart ADear xxx,I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to you for your kindness to receive me when I participated in an exchange program in USA.Your generous help made it possible that I had a very pleasant stay and a chance to know American culture better. Besides, I think it is an honor for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go. I do hope that you will visit China one day, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship.I feel obliged to thank you again.Sincerely yours,Zhang WeiPart BMobile phone has been widely used in the world now, but the popularization in developed countries and developing countries has experienced different courses. The given chart just shows the changes of the subscriptions within about a decade. From this chart, it can be learnt that the mobile phone subscriptions in developed countries have a steady and slight increase from the year 2000 to 2007 and then remain constant in 2008. Meanwhile the mobile phone subscriptions in developing countries have witnessed a slow increase from 1990 to 2004 and then a great surge from 2004 to 2008: the biggest surge happened during the years from 2005 to 2008.What is reflected by the chart is very both interesting and instructive, and there are many implications behind it. Generally, the developed countries have smaller populations compared with those of developing countries, and many people are rich enough to enjoy the service. Therefore, the spreading of the mobile phone service is efficient and soon the market is saturated. But with much larger populations, the developing countries have a much larger market with a great demand for mobile service. Thus, there is no wonder that with the continuous dropping of the cost, large numbers of people in developing countries may subscribe to and enjoy this service.High-tech is changing the life of billions of people. I am sure that the trend will continue, and more and more people will share the benefits brought about by technology. 阅读题注解：Text 1全文大意：艺术品市场的动荡21. D it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis线索：第一段最后两句It was a last hurrah欢呼. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy. 这是最后一次欢呼欢呼。当拍卖人喊出报价的，在纽约一个古老的华尔街银行，雷曼兄弟申请破产。22. A collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions线索：在第三段后几句中有解释especially in New York, where the bail-out 救市of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise转让 of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms特别是在纽约，那里银行的纾困救市正值的工作和许多艺术投资者的财经消亡转让成千上万的损失。在艺术界，这意味着收藏家远离了画廊和拍卖行23. B The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.线索：其他三项在文中都有线索。关于momentum，在第二段第一句提到The world art market had already been losing momentum动力 for a while after rising vertiginously令人头晕地 since 2003。但是没有线索表明B项正确24. C factors promoting artwork circulation线索：最后一段The three Ds（这三个D，就是后边的death, debt, divorce）death, debt and divorce-still deliver works of art to the market三DS死亡，债务和离婚仍为市场提供艺术作品25. C Art Market in Decline根据全文大意Text 2全文大意：缺乏交流离婚的主要原因26. A Talking to them.线索：根据第三段most of the women she interviewed - but only a few of the men - gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces她采访过的大多数女性但只有很少的人把缺乏沟通作为离婚的理由。根据这句推断。第四段对此作了进一步发展。27. C causing damage上下文辩义。根据上文可以看出这个意义最可能28. B nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversation线索：第三段最后三行Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year - a virtual epidemic of failed conversation. 鉴于近百分之50，达数百万例每年在美国现在的离婚率一个实际的交流失败的流行病。这句话的含义是，由于这个原因，难怪有那么多的离婚案。但是并不等于这些离婚都是交流失败引起的。其他几项在文中都有明确的线索29. D Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.考全文大意。全文大意是探讨离婚的原因夫妇间缺乏交流。只有这项与交流有关。30. B a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoon考上下文关系：下文可能什么内容。其他三项更不靠谱。Text 3全文大意：为了商业目的改变消费者的行为习惯31. A should be further cultivated线索：根据第二段大意推断“There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we cant figure out how to change peoples habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.” 有基本的公共健康问题，如用肥皂洗手，这些依然是杀手只因为我们不知道如何改变人们的习惯，”柯蒂斯博士说。“我们想了解私人产业如何创造新的自动发生的行为”从根本上说，还是想利用这些习惯赚钱。说是“killers”，就是还没有办法利用这些赚钱。所以选择A项。32. A reveal their impact on people habits线索：第四段提到了那些产品的广告宣传造成了人们的习惯（are results of manufactured habitsbecause of canny 精明狡猾的advertising and public health campaigns），第五段继续细节发展。33. DUnilever第三段提到，作为被调查的公司。但是没有线索说这个公司在create peoples habits 方面的作用。The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to - Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever柯蒂斯博士把-宝洁公司和联合利华，高露洁棕榄34. 34. C commercial promotions线索：第四段Today, because of canny 精明狡猾的advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands. 今天，因为精明狡猾的广告和公共卫生运动，很多美国人习惯性地给他们的珍珠白的牙齿作防虫牙擦洗一天两次，经常和高露洁，嵴或其他品牌之一。35. B negative线索：第七段最后一句As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods. 这个新的习惯科学的出现，当这些策略已经被用来销售有问题美容霜或不健康的食物时，争论爆发了。Text 4全文大意：美国陪审团制度的变迁36. D judgment should consider the opinion of the public线索：根据第一段and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law判决应该代表社会良心的不只是法律文字。37. A the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws线索：第二段最后一句the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon头等的，一流的 juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws. 选择所谓的精英或头等陪审团的作法，为绕过这个和其他的反歧视法提供了简便方法。38. C they were supposed to perform domestic duties线索：第三段Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s. 即使那时，那几个州自动排女性除陪审义务，除非他们亲自要求将他们的名字列入陪审员名单。他们这么做的理由是家庭需要女性，它使陪审团在整个60年代不具女性代表性。39. B educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of f