仁爱版九年级英语上册unit 3 topic 1-2 知识点讲解.doc

年级： 九年级 班别：清北班 科目： 英语 日期： 2014 年 11 月 8 日 课次：8 第七讲：Unit 3 English around the world 一、学习目标 1、熟练掌握课文中单词及短语。 2、熟练掌握被动语态的用法。二、教学过程 Step1: 词汇荟萃1. 迫不急待地做某事_2. 有好机会做某事_3. 竭尽所能做某事_4. 从现在开始_5. 和.相似._6. 做某事有困难_7. 在某人去.的路上_8. 考虑做某事_9. 把A比作B_10. 坚持做某事_Step2: 重点语法. 含义与构成1. 被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。2. 构成：be + 过去分词（be有时可用become 或get代替）Be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。3. 被动语态的各种时态形式有： 一般时态：be + 过去分词现在过去将来 English is spoken in many countries. Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare. Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace. 进行时态：be + being + 过去分词现在过去 His plan is being carried out successfully. The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up. The car will be being cleaned by my brother. 完成时态：have + been + 过去分词现在过去Ive been robbed. The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had been counted. Everything will have been done by the end of this month. 【中考链接】1. (2010 长沙) This coastal area _ a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names2. (2010 上海) The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made3. (2010 北京) In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the words _.A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 4. (2010 西安) It is reported that many a new house _ at present in the disaster area.A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built 5. (2010 包头) Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money making jobs they _ before they leaving their hometowns.A. promised B. were promisedC. have promised D. have been promised 6. (2010 天津) Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibiting D. is being exhibiting. 用法1. 要用到被动语态的情况1） _：Frank was hit by a car. A new idea has been suggested. 2） _： This bridge was built in 1700. The house is being repaired. 3） 说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示据说或相信 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, expect, feel , report, say, see, think, understand等组成，如： It is said that据说；It is reported that 据报道；It is believed that大家相信；It is hoped that大家希望； It is well known that 众所周知 It is said that Japans industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.4） 在文章标题、广告、新闻中 Waitress wanted. Millions of pounds worth of damage has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. 2. 感官动词和使役动词主动语态的宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to：这些动词有：感官动词：_使役动词：_ The teacher made me go out of the classroom. -_ We saw him play football on the playground. - _. 3. 主动形式表被动意义1） 系动词_ 构成系表结构:The steel feels cold. His plan proved (to be) practical.2） 表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut等：Work began at 7oclock this morning. The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day. 3） 表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如read, write, act, cut, drive, sell, wash, clean等。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语：This coat dries/ washes/ irons easily.The book sells well.This novel reads well. . 4） blame, let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build等: I was to blame for the accident. Much work remains. 5） 在need, require, want, worth （形容词）, deserve + V-ing 表示被动： The door needs repairing. = The door needs to be repaired. This book is worth reading. 6） 介词in, on, under+ n. 构成介词短语表被动：Under control 受控制; under treatment 在治疗中; under repair 在修理中；under discussion 在讨论中；in print 在印刷中；on sale 出售；on show 展出The rumor is beyond belief. (=cant be believed)Today some treasures are on show (= are being shown) in the museum.【练一练】翻译下列句子：1.这道菜尝起来很香。_2.这门锁不上。 _3.这刀子很好用。_4.你的头发该理了。_5.这个问题正在讨论之中。_4.不用被动语态的情况：1）不及物动词或不及物动词短语，如appear, die disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等没有无被动语态。 After the fire, very little remained of my house. 【试比较】rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。 （ ） The price has been risen. （ ） The price has risen. （ ） The accident was happened last week. （ ） The accident happened last week. （ ） The price has raised. （ ） The price has been raised. （ ） Please seat. （ ） Please be seated. 2） 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等：例：This key just fits the lock. 这把钥匙只配这把锁。 3） 系动词无被动语态，如appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn：例：It sounds good. 听上去不错。 . Exercises1. I should be very much like to have gone to the party, but I _.A. am not invited B. am not being invitedC. shall not be invited D. was not invited 2. -How are things going?- The disabled _ no relatives in Guangzhou _ by the volunteers, who will graduate from Zhongshan University next year. A. with; are taking care of B. have; will be taken care of C. with; are being taken care of D. have; are being taken care of3. The attackers were arrested and didnt know where they _.A. would take B. are taken C. were being taken D. will be taken4. People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them _ in the past.A. are not taken B. were not taken C. hadnt been taken D. wouldnt be taken 5. -My car _ twice this month.- Im sorry to hear that. A. has been broken in B. was broken in C. has been broken into D. was broken into 6. Our game of basketball _. We had been playing for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily.A. has interrupted B. had interrupted C. was interrupted D. had been interrupted7. The princess and the Frog is a fairy musical that _ the days when Walt Disney was a person, not a brand. A. was dated back to B. dates back to C. has been dating from D. had dated from 8. Linda, make sure the tables _ before the guests arrive. A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting9. The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated 10. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _ not to touch any unattended bag.A. had always been warned B. were always being warnedC. are always warning D. always warned Step 4:课后作业I.单项选择1.-Why does the lake smell terrible?-Because large quantities of water _.A. have polluted B. is being pollutedC. has been polluted D. have been polluted2. -Hi, Tory, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?-Sorry. _.A. Its repaired B. It has been repairedC. Its being repaired D. It had been repaired 3. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front _ to arrive. A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected 4. Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you.A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected 5.I got caught in the rain and my suit _.A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruinedII.阅读理解TYPINGThis course is for those who want to learn to type，as well as those who want to improve their typing. The course is not common. You are tested in the first class and begin practicing at one of eight different skill levels. This allows you to learn at your own speed. Each program lasts 20 hours. Bring your own paper.Course fee：D|S125 Materials：D|S25Two hours each evening for two weeks. New classes begin every two weeks.This course is taught by a number of qualified business education teachers who have successfully taught typing courses before.UNDERSTANDING COMPUTERSThis twelve hour course is for people who do not know very much about computers，but who need to learn about them. You will learn what computers are，what they can and cant do and how to use them.Course fee：D|S75Equipment fee：D|S10Jan.4,7,11,14,18，Wed.& Sat.911：30 am.Joseph Saunders is Professor of Computer Science at New Urban University. He has over twenty years of experience in the computer field.STOP SMOKINGDo you want to stop smoking? Have you already tried to stop and failed? Now is the time to stop smoking using the latest methods. You can stop smoking，and this twelve hour course will help you do it.Course fee：D|S30Jan.2,9,16,23 Mon.25 pm.Dr John Good is a practicing psychologist who had helped hundreds of people stop smoking.1If you choose the UNDERSTANDING COMPUTERS cours