广东省天河区高考英语二轮复习 语法精讲精炼 状语从句02.doc

状语从句精讲精炼02 八、结果状语从句1.常用的引导词有that（结果，以至），so that（结果，以至），so.that（如此以至）,such.that（如此以至）等。如：the temperature is increased so that the volume of gas becomes greater.温度升高了气体的体积就增大了。the mountain is so high that she cant climb it up to the top.那座山太高了，她无法登上山顶。it is such a lovely day that everybody feels happy and gay.天气这么好，人人都感到高兴、快乐。注：1)so.that和such.that都是引导结果状语从句的从属连词，它们都表示“如此以至”，但其要求的句型结构不一样。如：he ran so fast that his brother couldnt catch up with him.他跑得太快了，他弟弟赶不上他。he is such a naughty boy that he becomes unwelcome in his neighborhood.他是那么个调皮的孩子，以至在邻里中不受欢迎。she looks so lovely that everybody cant help taking a look at her when passing her by.她生得太可爱了，从她身边经过的人都忍不住要看她一眼。2)当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。如：so clever was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. 他是如此聪明以至于他能解出所有的难题。2.除结果状语从句外，too.to.(太而不能)，enough to.(能够)，so.as to.(那么以至于)等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。如：他起床晚了，结果误了车。he didnt get up early enough to catch the bus.=he got up too late to catch the bus.=he got up so late as to miss the bus.九、比较状语从句常用的引导词有than（比）,as.as（如一样）,“the +比较级.,the+比较级.”（越越）等。如：he is taller than his brother.他比他弟弟个高一些。the more they discover about the brain,the more questions they cant answer in that area.他们越多地发现有关人脑的情况，他们就有越多的问题无法回答。要点提示：有关比较状语的问题请看前面“形容词与副词的比较级和最高级”一章。这里只提醒一个关于比较状语从句的问题。那就是：than和as.as中的第二个as都是连词，后面若是人称代词，常用主格形式。如：her mother is not as tall as she（is）.她妈妈没有她个高。i dont think that he is taller than i.我并不认为他比我个高。十、状语从句中的省略1.若从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，同时从句中又含有系动词be，则通常省去从句的主语和系动词be而保留其余部分。如：while (she was) very young，she began to study english.她很小的时候就开始学英语。2.若从句主语是it，动词是系动词be,则通常省去主语it及系动词be而保留其余部分。如：everything went on better than (it had been) expected.一切进展得比预料的要好。3.若从句中部分内容与主句中的部分内容相同，可将从句中的此部分内容省略。如：she has no money.if (she has) any，she will give us. 她没钱，如果有的话，她会给我们的。【考点诠释】考点1 状语从句的时态高考主要考查时间、条件、让步状语从句用一般现在时表将来及一般过去时代替过去将来时的用法。如：he said he would go to japan for holiday when he finished writing the book他说他写完这本书后会去日本度假。even if it snows tomorrow，the performance wont be called off即使明天下雪，演出也不会取消。考点二 状语从句的结构高考主要考查结构较为复杂、特殊的状语从句，如no matter+疑问词；whatever，however，as引导的让步状语从句；“the+比较级，the+比较级”中的比较状语从句等。如：the harder you work，the better your studies will be你学习越努力，功课就越好。no matter what serious difficulties he met with，he could always overcome them不管碰到多么可怕的困难，他总能克服。考点3 状语从句的省略在时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，常常省略相同的主语或作主语的代词it以及be动词，保留现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式等成分。如果从句中有“it is+形容词”，也可以省略it is。如：once printed，this dictionary will be very popular一旦出版，这本词典会非常畅销。(once后省去了it is)do not leave the building until instructed to do so接到指示后才可离开这幢房子。(until后省去了you are)考点4 从属连词的选择和辨析高考重点考查引导状语从句的从属连词，如引导时间状语从句的immediately，the moment，every time，once；引导条件状语从句的as long as；引导原因状语从句的now that，since；引导让步状语从句的even if，even though；引导目的状语从句的in case，in order that等。如：we hadnt met for 20 years，but i recognized him the moment i saw him我们已经有20年没见面了，可是我一见到他就认出他来了。(时间状语从句)we should bring a knife in case that there ale any dangerous animals there我们应当带把刀，以防那儿有什么危险动物。(目的状语从句)考点5 where引导地点状语从句要注意where引导的地点状语从句和where引导的定语从句、表语从句以及宾语从句的区别。如：the flower grows best where it often rains这种花在经常下雨的地方长得最好。(地点状语从句)the flower grows best in the place where it often rains这种花在经常下雨的地方长得最好。(定语从句)典题链接【示例1】it is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.a. beforeb. sincec. afterd. when解析:此题考查时间状语从句的用法。这是一个典型的句型结构：it is/has been+段时间+since+句子(一般过去时)。句子意思是：自从我们上次见面几乎有五年了。答案：b【示例2】there were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.a. whereb. whichc. whend. that解析:根据句子结构，由于从句结构完整，可排除b、d两项；前面的先行词是on her trousers表地点，where在此引导状语从句，where相当于in the places where，本句意思是：在她裤子上擦手的地方有脏迹。答案：a特别提示：学会将where引导的状语从句转换成介词短语(地点)+where引导的定语从句是逐步掌握这种用法的好办法。【示例3】we were told we should follow the main road _ we reached the central railway station.a. wheneverb. untilc. whiled. wherever解析:根据两句子的关系不存在让步，从而可排除选项a、d；再根据句意，表示until前面的动作或者状态一直持续到until后面的地点或时间。答案选b。本句意为：有人告诉我们应沿大路走，一直走到中心车站。答案：b【示例4】you can eat food free in my restaurant _ you like. a. wheneverb. whereverc. whateverd. however解析:主句部分不缺主、宾、宾补成分，也有具体的地点状语，故选a。本句意为：无论任何时候你都能在我饭店里免费吃饭。答案：a【示例5】we were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.a.whenb.whilec.untild.before解析:when表示这时突然,相当于suddenly。其常用结构有were/was doing.when.；were/was about to do.when.；had/had not done.when.。答案：a【示例6】you should try to get a good nights sleep _ much work you have to do. a.howeverb.no matterc.althoughd.whatever解析:根据句子结构，排除选项b、c，因b项后面需连接副词when，how，where或连接代词who，what，而c项后面的句子不能倒装；当名词前有much，many，little，few等修饰时，前面不能用whatever，故选a。答案：a【示例7】id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ i can have time for a cup of tea. a.as soon asb.as a resultc.in cased.so that解析:此题考查目的状语从句的用法。as soon as“一就”， as a result “结果是”，in case“万一”，so that“以便于”。答案：d【示例8】scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.a.sinceb.afterc.befored.when解析:根据句子的意思，科学家对药品先要进行反复试验后才能用于病人身上，因此答案选c。本题考查了before的固定句型，即it was/will be+时间段+before+主+谓(did/do)。答案：c特别提示：要选对连词，一定要清楚主从句之间的语意和逻辑关系。思维升级怎样做好状语从句试题呢？首先我们应该系统地掌握状语从句的基本知识，把握每个连词的具体用法；其次我们要正确区分容易混淆的连词，像as,when,while,since,even if,as if等；再者，要善于理清句子的逻辑关系，要具备分析长难句的能力。要特别注意as引导让步状语从句、时间状语从句、方式状语从句和原因状语从句的不同用法。例如：as time went on,einsteins theory proved to be correct.(时间)as(=since) the weather is fine,lets go.（原因）do as you like.（方式）child as/though he is,he knows a lot.（让步）思维链接【示例11】_ i explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.a.whenb.afterc.asd.since解析:此题考查as引导定语从句和状语从句的区别。此题中as引导的是非限制性定语从句，as指代后面整句话的内容，意为“正如”。句子意思是：正如我在电话里所解释的，你的要求会在下次会议上考虑。a和b两项都指时间，d项表示“既然”，指原因，都引导状语从句。答案：c特别提示：since既可以引导时间状语从句，表示“自从开始”，也可以引导原因状语从句，表示“因为、既然”。its/it has been 10 years since he enjoyed a good dinner.since you have finished your work, you are free to do what you like.【2016高考模拟试题精讲精炼】1.ones life has valueone brings value to the life of others.a. so thatb. no matter how c. as long asd. except that【考点】连词【答案】c【解析】as long as意为“只要”；so that意为“以便；因此”；no matter how意为“不管怎样”；except that意为“除了”。句意为：只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。，根据题意，应选c项。【难度】一般2. _ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. a. howeverb. whateverc. whicheverd. whenever【答案】a【考点】本题考查状语从句引导的用法。【解析】句意为：不管你如何（however）努力，如果你不减少食量是很难减肥的。复合句 让步状语从句 引导词however 3. _ i always felt i would pass the exam, i never thought i would get an a. a. whileb. oncec. ifd. until【答案】a【考点】本题考查状语从句引导词用法。【解析】句意为：虽然我总觉得我考试能过关，但我从没想过我能得优。while常见含义有“虽然；然而，而；在期间，当时；趁着”等，此处为“虽然”之意。复合句 让步状语从句 引导词while 4.coach, can i continue with the training? sorry, you cant _you havent recovered from the knee injury.a. until b. before c. to consider d. unless【考点】状语从句【答案】 c【解析】短语语境表示“抱歉，你不能继续训练因为你膝盖受的伤还没有恢复。”由此可知，空白处后面为原因状语从句，c选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为c选项。【难度】一般【易错点】审题时粗心大意，很容易误认为是notuntil句型，从而误选成a选项。技巧点拨：考查原因状语从句。a和b选项主要用于引导定语从句；c选项引导目的和结果状语从句；d选项是“因为”之意，引导原因状语从句。分析句子结构，本题不是定语从句。根据语境，应该选择d选项。5. a number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. a. whenb. wherec. before d. until 【答案】b【解析】此处是where引导地点状语从句，表示“在地方”。 句意：很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方矗立起来了。www.【考点】考查状语从句的连接词。6. he smiled politely _ mary apologized for her drunken friends. a. asb. if c. unlessd. though【答案】a【解析】此处是as引导这个时间状语从句，这里smile和apol