牛津英语初中状语从句.doc

中小学1对1课外辅导专家精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义教学目标：熟练掌握状语从句1. 时间状语从句；(adverbial clause of time)引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有:after， as， before， once, since， till， until， when， whenever， while， as soon as，since; 1) when (表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，意为“当.时”。)e.g. When you get off the bus, you mustnt push others.2) before (表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之前，意为“在之前”。) e.g. Dont say anything before you look at the picture.3) after (表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后，意为“在之后”。) e.g. They talked about the party after the people left.4) until (表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之前，意为“直到为止”。主句用肯定式，谓语是延续性的动词，表示动作一直延续到until所表示的时间为止) e.g. I will wait until he comes.Note: (until 用于否定句时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，并且谓语动词是非延续性动词，表示某一动作到until所表示的时间才发生。notuntil ，意为“直到才”。） e.g. She wont go to bed until she finishes her homework.5) as soon as (表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后，意为“一就”。) e.g. My brother went out as soon as I got home.6)since (表示自从以来，常用于现在完成时)e.g.He has been been here since he leaved Beijing 3 years ago.注意：when, while和as*“When” 表示一个时间段，可以翻译为“在.时”，例如：when I was five years old, I didnt want to school.*“While”既可以表示一个时间点也可以表示一个时间段，一般强调两个动作同时进行或者同时发生。例如：My mother was cooking in the kitchen while I was doing my homework.* “As “一般表示一个动作伴随另一个动作发生，可以翻译为“随着”例如：As time goes ,people get wiser and wiser.考考你用适当的连词填空 1. We have lived in this city _ I moved here in 1990. 2. Have you decided what you want to be _ you grow up? 3. Dont worry; Ill phone you _ _ _ I get the news. 4. The drunken man didnt leave the station _the police came yesterday. 5. He had been a cook _ he went to college. 2.原因状语从句（1）主要引导词：because, since, as, for, now that 等词1. I didnt go to school yesterday because I was ill. 我昨天没去上学，因为我生病了。2. Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. 既然大家都来了, 让我们开始开会吧.3. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. 既然你身体不好, 你就不该熬夜.4. I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her. 我请她留下来喝茶,因为我有事要告诉她.3.条件状语从句 常用引导词：if, unless,(1) if引导的条件状语从句，当主句用一般将来时或者祈使句式，从句用一般现在时.例如:Well start our project if the president agrees.Pass me the clothes if you can If 引导的条件状语从句可以改为由“and”或者 “or”做并列词的简单句。例如.If you work fast ,you will finish it earlier.=Work fast and you will finish it earlierIf you work fast ,you will finish it earlier= Work fast or you will finish it earlier.(2) unless = if .not 例如：The patient will wait all day unless the doctor works fast. = The patient will wait all day if the doctor dont work fast4. 让步状语从句常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though难点：1）though, although当虽然讲, 都不能和but连用. 5. 目的状语从句要点： 目的状语从句由连词 so that, in order that 引导。1.so that 以至, 以便Ill run slowly so that you can catch up with me. (目的)我将慢慢跑以至你能赶上我。I opened the window so that fresh air might come in. (目的)我把窗户打开以使新鲜空气可以进来。2.in order that=so that:为了We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arrangements.不久我们将会让你知道详情,以便你们能够做出安排。(目的) 6.结果状语从句（1）要点：结果状语从句由连词( so )that, sothat, suchthat, so much/manythat引导。1.sothat 如此以至于The scientists report was so instructive that we were all very excited.科学家的报告很有启发性，我们感到很兴奋。He always studied so hard that he made great progress.他总是那么努力，结果他取得了很大的进步。2. Suchthat 如此。以至Its such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.天气是如此的好，我们大家都想去公园玩。7. 比较状语从句比较状语从句常由than（比）, as（与一样）等词引导：It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing.上海下的雨比北京的多。Our country is as big as the whole of Europe.我们的国家同整个欧洲一样大。The result was not as/so good as I had expected.结果不如我预料的那么好。比较状语从句中常见的句型：the +比较级，the +比较级The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙越开心。Step3 Drilling 1( ) 1 The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there.A. because B. until C. why D. if( ) 2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until( ) 3 I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when ( ) 4 He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday. A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; to C. doesnt go; before; with D. didnt go; until; to( ) 5 He _ back until the work _ done.A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. wont be; will be D. wont be; is( ) 6 They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back.A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if2( ) 1 Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to( ) 2 Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves( ) 3 I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came3( ) 1 Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought ,C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought ( ) 2 When he got to the station, the train _.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left( ) 3 The boy told his father what he _ in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see( ) 4 We _ TV when the telephone _.A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang ( ) 5 By the end of last term, I_ ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read4( ) 1 I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _?A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have; goneC. havent seen; have; been D. havent seen; have; gone( ) 2 Tom_ China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at( ) 3 I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose( ) 4 -Hello! May I speak to Bob? -Sorry, but he _ for a month.A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away( ) 5 I _ him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know( ) 6 Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studyingStep4 Homework1( ) 1 Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill.A. because B. but C. until D. if( ) 2 May I sit nearer_ I can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so( ) 3 _ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.A. Though B. If C. Because D. For( ) 4 _ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English.A. While B. When C. Since D. After( ) 5 Id like to go swimming _ the water is not too cold.A. for B. unless C. if D. whether2( ) 1 There are _ many league members in class 2 _ in Class 4.A. both; and B. so; that C. either; or D. as; as( ) 2 -Do you have a big library? -No, we dont. At least, not_ yours.A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as( ) 3 Suzhou is not _ beautiful _ Hangzhou.A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than( ) 4 Iron is more useful _ any other metal.A. as B. than C. then D. so3( ) 1 I want to know _ she is going to see a film.A. if B. that C. what D. which( ) 2 You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard.A. if B. though C. that D. since( ) 3 Ill go to see the film with you_ I have time this evening.A. whether B. so C. if D. when( ) 4 _ you study harder, youll never pass the final exam.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except4( ) 1 Although it was raining, still worked in the fields.A. but they B. and they C. they D. and yet they( ) 2 _ there were only five soldiers left at the front, _ they went on fighting.A. Because; so B. If; and C. Though; but D. Though; /( ) 3 _ she is very old, _ she can still work eight hours a day.A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet D. Though; yet5( ) 1 Please answer the question in a loud enough voice _ all the class may hear.A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and( ) 2 Lift it up_ I may see it.A. though B. so that C. as D. than( ) 3 I hurried_ I wouldnt be late for class.A. so B. so that C. if D. unless( ) 4 We should go by bus _ we can get there earlier.A. as soon as B. where C. in order that D. as并列复合句与状语从句. 从方框中选择适当的词完成句子。and, but, so, or, then 1. They are happy _ they deserved their happiness.2. Hurry _ you will miss the plane.3. I like chocolate, _ it is bad for teeth.4. I wanted to know the answer, _ I went to ask him.5. He had a drink, _ went to bed. 选择填空：( )1. Be careful, _ you will fall off the bike. A. but B. and C. so D. or ( )2. Edison said, “Never give up, _ youll make it.” A. yet B. or C. and D. but ( )3. Lucy and Lily are twins. Lucy likes playing table tennis, _ Lily doesnt. A. or B. but C. and D. yet ( )4. Mr. Green knows little German, _ he cant understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills. A. but B. so C. for D. or( )5. My aunt doesnt have much money, _ she always enjoys himself. A. but B. and C. or D. so ( )6. Which is nearer to us, the sun _ the moon?A.but B. and C. or D. so( )7. I cant understand this passage _ there are no new words in it.A. if B. because C. though D. an ( )8. The computer cost me too much, _ its really useful.A. so B. but C. and D. or( )9. There is air _ water on the moon.A. and B. or C. so D. yet( )10. Its getting dark, _theyre still working. A. and B. but C. so D. or( )11. The street was wet, _ it rained last night.A. because B. as C. for D. since( )12. Rose is an English girl, _ she doesnt like English food.A. yet B. so C. for D. and( )13. That was our first lesson, _ she didnt know all our names. A. for B. but C. so D. or( )14. _ did she go to see her father, _ did she want her father to come. A. Either,or B. Not , only C. No sooner, than D. Neither, nor( )15. She didnt go to school yesterday, _ he had hurt her legs while climbing the mountain. A. but B. however C. or D. for ( )16. You can study _Chinese _ English. A. not only, but B. either,or C. both , or D. only, and( ) 17. Tom works very hard, _ his family is still very poor. A. yet B. for C. so D. and( )18. Some are reading newspaper, _ others are playing basketball. A. or B. for C. so D. while( )19. Maybe he has gone home, _ he is in his office. A. or B. but C. nor /D. yet( )20. I help him _ he helps me. We help each other.A. but, B. and C. or D. for( ) 21. The shop is new, _ it has been open only for three days. A. for B. and C. but D. so( ) 22. You neednt sweep the floor, _ its very clean. A. and B but C. or D. for( ) 23. Tom works hard, _ he still failed in the exam. A. yet B. so C. and D. or( ) 24. I felt tired after the work, _ I too a long rest. A. so B but C. for D. or( )25. I hate smoking, _ I dont like drinking, either. A. though B. but C. and D. for( )26. _ Saturday _ Sunday is OK. Ill be free in these two days. A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. One; the other( ) 27. In spring it is_hot _ cold here. A. both, and B. either, or C. neither, nor D. not only, but( ) 28. Jim was very hungry _ he ate all the cakes. A. and B. but C. so D. or( )29. Lilei passed his father this cup _ asked for some more tea. A. but B. and C.or D. if( ) 30. ( )30.Go along the street, turn to the left at the end of the street and _ youll find the post office. A. then B. so C. but D. yet完型填空一，Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文): Have you ever heard of Pisa? I often 85 about Pisa when I was a boy. I read about the famous building called the Leaning Tower (斜塔)of Pisa, but when I read the word Pisa, I was thinking of pizza. I thought this tower was a place to buy pizza. It must be the best place to buy pizza in the world, I thought.Many years 86 I saw the Leaning Tower. I knew then that it was Pisa and no pizza, but there was still something special about it for me. The tower got its name because it really does lean to one side. Some people want to try to fix it. They are 87 it may fall over and they dont like it leans over the city.I do not think its a good 88 to try to fix it. The tower probably will not fall down. It is 600 years old. Why should anything happen to it 89 ? And I like what it looks like. 90 is perfect, it seems to say.And who cares? Why do people want things to be perfect? Imperfect things may be more _ 91 . Lets take the tower of Pisa. Why is it so famous? There are many other older, more beautiful towers in Italy. But Pisa tower is the most famous. People come all over the world to see it.85.A) ateB) made C) sold D) dreamed 86.A) later B) before C) behindD) after87. A) sorry B) glad C) sure D) afraid 88.A) idea B) way C) plan D) answer 89.A) ago B) now C) future D) then90. A) Something B) Anything C) Everything D) Nothing 91. A) interesting B) colorful C) delicious D) changeable 二，先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题后的ABCD四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It is known to all that everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. _34_ is nice to have a friend to talk and laugh with. Certainly sometimes we need to be alone. We dont always want people _35_. But we would feel lonely if we _36_ had a friend. Two friends dont always have _37_ view about the same thing. Friends sometimes dont get on well. That doesnt mean _38_ they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make up and become friends again.Sometimes when friends move away, we feel very _39_ and we miss them very much, but we can _40_ them and write to them. We would even see them again. And we can _41_ new friends. It is surprising to find _42_ we like new people when we get to know them.Theres more good news for people who have new friends. They who have friends live longer than people who dont. Why? Because they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. And friends can take care of you when you study, work, especially when you get into trouble. If someone cares about you, you will take _43_ care of yourself.（ ）34. A. It B. He C. There D. Someone（ ）35. A. alone B. away C. around D. all over（ ）36. A. ever B. never C. just D. really（ ）37. A. friendly B. kind C. the same D. different（ ）38. A. that B. whether C. how D. why（ ）39. A. angry B. sad C. happy D. alone（ ）40. A. call B. ask C. tell D. talk with（ ）41. A. look for B. find C. make D. know（ ）42. A. how often B. how long C. how many D. how much（ ）43. A. less B. better C. little D. no阅读理解B Beijing-Beijing is to spend $20 billion to change the Chinese capital into a 21st century one for the 2008 Olympics. The government manages to host the 2008 games. The general aim is for Beijing to have the same environmental standards as Paris, London or Washington by 2008. Hundreds of dollars will be spent to pipe （排管道） natural gas to the citys home, taking away dirty coal burning gradually while 60,000 buses will be changed to liquefied gas （液化气）. The money will also be used for relocating the polluting factories outside the city and building green belts （绿化带）. By 2008 around 90 percent of Beijing waste will be treated, compared to only 40 percent at present. Olympic officials realize the city has a long way to go to match the environmental standards of such cities as Paris, Toronto, Istanbul, and Osaka. City officials have already announced that around 50 large projects are being dealt with to improve traffic jam（堵塞） and cut down pollution. They include construction （建设）of Beijings first light railway, a 40.5-kilometer line which is expected to be finished in 2005. Beijing plans to build an 82.25-kilometer-long subway （地铁） to add to existing （现存的）kilometers. Nine major roads will be rebuilt or widened. Beijing also plans to build a 70-meter-wide belt along the waterways to protect water quality as well as increase the green areas.（ ）48. The government will pipe natural gas to the citys home in order to _.A. solve the problem of being short of fuelB. Bring down the cost of daily lifeC. Reduce the pollution of our capitalD. Keep up with the development of modern society（ ）49. The underlined word “relocating” in the report means _.A. removing B. pulling down C. rebuilding D. dealing with（ ）50. From the last three paragraphs we know that _.A. Beijing is very close to mee