宾语从句、时间条件原因结果目的让步比较状语从句和定语从句.doc

一、宾语从句1、陈述句变为宾语从句，用that引导，that无意义可省略。He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday.2、一般疑问句变为宾语从句，用if或whether来引导，语序用陈述句语述She asked me if/whether she could join us.3、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，保留特殊疑问词，语序用陈述句语序。(1)She asked them what they were doing.(2)-Can you tell me _ it is from here to the Summer Palace? -Let me see.Its about 15 minutes ride.(3)-Could you tell me _ to have the picnic? -Near the South Beach.4、主句是一般在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，宾语从句的时态不受限制。Could you tell me what he said at the meeting.Tell him when we will start.5、主句是一般过去时，宾语从句一定要用过去的某一种时态。They said that they had already finished the work.BUT:She said that two heads are better than one.NOTE:Can you tell us when we will set off? =Can you tell us when to set off?二、时间状语从句1,The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.While the boy was walking down the street,the UFO landed.2.I was doing my homework while my parents were watching TV last night.3,As (当。的时候)he was a child,he began to learn to play the piano.4,He had studied in this school before he joined the army.5.After he locked the door,she left.6.They worked until/till it was dark. My grandma didnt go to sleep until I came back home.7.He will return the book as soon as he finishes it.三、条件状语从句1. will go fishing if it doesnt rain tomorrow.2.They will have a picnic unless(=if not) it rains tomorrow.四、原因状语从句1,He didnt catch/take the first/early bus because he got up too late.Because I got a good mark,so my mother was happy.()2,As you can see(正如你看到的那样),Lucy doesnt liking study at all.As it was raining, I stayed at home.3,Since we have got ready for it,lets set off(出发).Since China has become a member of WTO,English is more popular than before.五、结果状语从句1,That is such an interesting story that everybody likes it.=This story is so interesting that everybody likes it.2,She is so young that she cant go to school.=She is such a young gril that she cant go to school.=She is too young to go to school.=She isnt old enough to go to school.六、目的状语从句1,I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget it.=I shall write down your phone number in order not to /so as not to forget it.2,He works harder in order that he can go to a good college.=He works harder in order to /so as to go to a good college.七、让步状语从句1,Although/though he is young,but he knows a lot.()2,Hell go there even though/even if the weather is bad.3,He refuses to give up smoking no matter how/however we explained that it harms ones health.八、比较状语从句九、定语从句1、先行词是物，可用that也可用which，但下列句子只能用that.(1)Have you written down everything that Mr.Green said?(先行词是不定代词时)(2)I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun.(先行词被every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时)(3)This is the most intelligent man that I have ever met.(先行词被the only,the last,the first/second,the same,the very等修饰时)(4)We are talking about the people and the things that we have visited in the country.(先行词是两个或两个以上的人和物时)(5)Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?2、先行词是人，可用that也可用who，但常用who，如果是宾格用whom.He is one of the boys who like playing basketball.(他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一)He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball.(他就是那些男孩