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综合训练九:状语从句 定义:状语从句在句中起副词作用,所以又叫副词从句。状语从句有:时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、比较、方式、目的、结果等状语从句。一、时间状语从句:常用来引导时间状语从句的关联词有as,when,whenever,while(当的时候),before,after,till,until(直到为止),as soon as(一.就)等。考例He made a mistake,but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.(2003北京高考) A.until B.when C.before D.as 某些表示时间的副词、名词短语和介词短语也可引导时间状语从句。如directly,immediately,the instant,the moment,the minute(一就),the day,the year,each /every time(每当),next time,the first(second,last)time,by the time等。考例-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes,I gave it to her _ I saw her.(2001北京、内蒙古、安徽春招) A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 二、地点状语从句常用来引导地点状语从句的关联词有where,wherever等。考例The famous scientist grew up _ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.(2002上海) A. when B.whenever C.where D.wherever 三、原因状语从句常用来引导原因状语从句的关联词有because,as,since,now that等。考例_ youve got a chance,you might as well make full use of it.(NMET1999) A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as 四、结果状语从句:常用来引导结果状语从句的关联词有that, so(that),so.that, such.that等。考例We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.(2003上海高考) A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush 五、目的状语从句:常用来引导目的状语从句的关联词有that, so that, in order that, in case等。从句的谓语常由cancould,maymight动词原形构成,有时也用shallshould,willwould动词原形。考例Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report _ her boss could read it first the next morning.(2003安徽春招) A. so that B. because C. before D. or else 六、条件状语从句:常用来引导条件状语从句的关联词有if, unless , when(如果),suppose, supposing, given that(假如;假使), in case that (万一),on condition that, as /so long as(只要)等。考例_ I know the money is safe,I shall not worry about it.(2003北京高考) A. Even though B.Unless C.As long as D.While 考例You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway.(2001上海春招) A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless 考例I shall stay in the hotel all day _ there is news of the missing child.(2000上海春招) A. in case B. no matter C. in any case D. ever since 七、让步状语从句常用来引导让步状语从句的关联词有though, although, as(虽然), while,even ifthough, whatever, whoever, whichever, however, whether.or.,no matter who等。考例Mr. Hall understands that _ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students.(2003安徽春招) A. unless B. since C. although D. when 考例Well have to finish the job,_.(NMET1999) A. long it takes however B. it takes however long C. long however it takes D. however long it takes 八、方式状语从句常用来引导方式状语从句的关联词有as(按照;像。一样)as if /though(似乎;好象)九、比较状语从句as.as, not so/as.as, than等。考例John plays football _,if not better than, David.(NMET1994) A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as 精典名题导解选择填空1. I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some _.(NMET 2000)A.as last B.in case C.once again D.in time解析:答案为B。句意为“带些钱以防万一”,只能选择in case。引导的条件状语从句,后面省略了I should need it。2. The WTO cant live up to its name _ it doesnt include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.(NMET 2000)A.as long as B.while C.if D.even though解析:答案为C。本题考查状语从句的用法。句意为“假如世贸组织不包括占世界人口五分之一的中国的话,那它就名不副实”。as long as语气过于强烈,while和even though不符合句意。3、Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up_I could answer the phone.(NMET 2000)A.as B.since C.before D.until解析:答案为C。题意为:半夜里有人打来电话,我没来得及就挂了。but暗示在接话前就挂了。考点:1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较;2、no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 引导的从句的区别;3、状语从句的时态问题; 4、状语从句的倒装问题;5. 五.区分定语从句和状语从句一.各种从属连词的含义及用法比较1、时间状语从句 问题11). Dont be afraid of asking for help it is needed. (03全国卷)2). I was walking on the street suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder.3). He was playing the guitar his sister was watching TV.注: 复习when 时要注意比较它与while 与 as 的区别。when, while, as 三者的具体用法关键在于动作发生的时间及从句的动词。while 表时间,从句需用延续性动词,不用瞬间动词;when 表时间,从句既可用延续性动词,又可以用瞬间动词;as 表时间,与when 相似,但侧重强调主、从句动作同点或同段进行,可用延续行动词的一般过去式表式过去进行时。when, while 后还可以接分词短语。when 作并列连词,表示一个动作在发生时,另一个动作接着发生,这时就不能用while、as。 while 作并列连词,表示两种情况对比。 问题2:1) Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him he became one of the top students in his grade. (03北京春季) 2) Simon thought his computer was broken _ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. (05北京春季) 3) Not until I returned (她做完)her homework. It was not until I returned home that (她做完) her homeworkuntil / till “直到止”(肯定句,主句是延续性动词); notuntil “直到才”(否定句,主句是终止性动词);until 可用于倒装句和强调句,till不用于句首。问题3:1、The American Civil War lasted four years _ the North won in the end. (05广东卷) 2、He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. (03北京)before 从句是高考中的一大热点,从时间概念上不难做出判断。注意它的翻译:在肯定句中一般翻译成“(主句的动作)才(从句的动作)”,如题1;或“还没有(从句的动作)就(主句的动作)”,如题2。问题4: Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. (01北京春季) as soon as, the time, the moment / minute / second / instant (一 就 ), next time, the first time, the last time,immediately(一就), instantly(一就), directly(一就)等词或词组可引导表示时间的状语从句;还有一些表示习惯性动作的词如:every time(每次), each time(每次), whenever等也可引导表示时间的状语从句。2、条件状语从句问题1:1、The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. (2000全国)2、 It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. (05重庆卷) 问题2:1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. (04北京春季)2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. (05全国卷3) 3、让步状语从句问题1: _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. (04江苏)问题2: 1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was.(05天津卷) 2、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. (05浙江)二.no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区别:no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句,此时与 wh-ever通用。如: he comes back, he should be invited to the party.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句, No matter wh-不能。如:1).I can do for you will be nothing but paying a debt. 2). can help us will be welcome 三. 状语从句的时态问题1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ (do)some quick repair work. (04全国IV)2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. (05北京春季)在条件,时间和让步从句中,用一般现在时表示一般将来时,用现在完成时表将来完成时,用一般过去时表过去将来时。在 since 引导的时间状语从句中,动词一般都用一般过去时,而主句常用现在完成时。四、状语从句的倒装问题1、So difficult _ (I, feel)it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (01 上海) 2、Not until all the fish died in the river, _(the villagers, realize)how serious the pollution was. (95 NMET)状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况: 否定词开头; so 加 adj. 开头; as / though引导的让步状语从句。特别注意: Hardly when Hardly (他到达) the station the train left. No sooner than No sooner (他放下) the phone the phone rang. Child as he is, Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.五.区分定语从句和状语从句介词+which代替where只有是定语从句情况下才可以,判断是否是定语从句,要看从句前是否有先行词,有先行词的是定语从句,这时可以用介词+which代替where。如果没有先行词的话,则不能用介词+which代替,再看几个句子:AShallwehaveapartywherewemetlastSunday?BHaveyoubeentotheislandwheretherearemanymonkeys?CPleaseputallthesebookswheretheyusedtobe.DWewillgowhereweareneededmost.请你判断一下哪个是定语从句,哪个是地点状语从句。巩固练习:I .填入适当的引导词1. I havent heard from him _ he went to America .2.He wont be here _ he is invited .3. He will not go to the cinema _ he is very busy .4. We found the key _ she lad left it .5. We found the books two days _ he had gone away .6. We had no sooner got to the station _ the train left.7. Hespeaks English _ he were an Englishman .8.He is explaining clearly _ they could understand .9. Do not leave the room _ you have finished the test .10. She sang _ she went along .11._ will do the experiment comes to the professors office .12. _ will do the experiment hasnt been decided .13. The teacher didnt leave _ twelve oclock .14. _ the day went on , the weather got worse .15. _ she is young , she knows quite a lot .16.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey .17. You will be late _ you leave immediately.18.Go and get your coat . Its _ you left it .19._ is mentioned above , the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing .20. _ had I entered the room _ the phone rang .II.改错1. The children were running on the playground as fast as they can .2.Since her husband had died , so she had to support her family .3.He wont go out until his mother will come .4.He was very foolish that he didnt pass such an easy exam5.Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home .6.It was three months since he came to our school .7.The playground of our school is larger than their school .8.The streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai .9.Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain , the fields aregreen .10. She singssongsas ifshe is a bird .11.Is this the watch for which he is looking now ?12. This is all which I can do for you .13.Do you know the old man at the back of the room, whom has been chosen head of the factory .14. I want to know the way which you learn new words .15. Can you tell me that theres a bookstore near here ?16. Our school quite different from that it was before .17. If she likes the present is not clear to me .18. For she is ill , shehasnt come to school .19. It gave him so a big shock that his face turned pale .20. He is cleverer than any boy in his class .III.找出从句并指出是那类从句1. It depends on whether we have enough time .2.The question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored.3. The mountain is no longer what it used to be .4. The fact that she works hard is well known to us all .5. He wasnotthe man that he was before .6. Nowyou was free , why not go swimming with us ?7. Where there are schools and colleges , there are examinations .8. Bad habits , once firmed , are difficult to give up .9.She often wears the same kind of skirt as her twin sister does .10 .The moment he opened the window , a bird flew in .IV 选择题1. We were watching TV _ we caught sight of a friend of ours.A. as soon as B. while C. when D. once2. The price of diamond rings has risen sharply _ the price of gold rings has gone down.A. when B. as C. while D. otherwise3. _ reason you may give, you ought not to have left homework unfinished.A. What B. No matter C. However D. Whatever4. It seemed only several minutes _ he finished this painting.A. after B. before C. when D. until5. The secretary made a note of it _ she should forget.A. in order that B. in case C. so that D. ever when6. No matter _ says no to us, we will return to our motherland.A. whoever B. who C. what D. whatever7. It was _ that they planned to have a picnic.A. such fine weather B. so fine a weatherC. such a fine weather as D. such a fine weather8. _, he knows a lot about American literature.A. A child though he is not B. A child as he is C. Child as he is D. As he is a child9. I do every single bit of housework _ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.(2004年全国,35)A. since B. while C. when D. as10. We are going to have a barbecue _ it rains.A. if not B. when C. except that D. unless11. I was about to leave my house _ the phone rang.A. after B. as C. when D. while12. It is five days _ we came here.A. since B. as C. before D. when13. It was not long _ he got to know it.A. until B. after C. before D. when14. He wouldnt give up smoking _ his doctor told him it was a matter of life and death.A. except when B. after C. until D. in case15. I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some _.A. at last B. in case C. once again D. in time16. _ I know, the computer can never take the place of the human brain.A. As for B. As long as C. So far for D. As far as17. _ you have got used to it, youll like it.A. While B. On the condition C. Once D. Unless18. Well carry the work through, _ it may cost.A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. however19. Fight to the end, _ you are the only one left.A. even if B. but C. however D. in spite of20. He always talks _ he had been to outer space.A. like B. as if /though C. because of D. as21. _ we walk, _ we shall get there.A. The quickly/the early B. Quick/earlyC. The more quickly/the earlier D. The more quicker/the more earlier22.Scientists say it may be five or six years it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.(20004年福建,31)A. since B. after C. before D. when23. _, it was finished in time.A. As was the work difficult B. Difficult as was the workC. Difficult as the work was D. As the work was difficultV. 翻译句子1. 我们还没来得及坐下,电影就开始了。2. 你不能改进你的英语,除非你天天练习。3. 我们开了个会以便把这件事彻底讨论一下。4. 医生跟我们一起去了工厂,以防出事故。5. 即使你主动提出要帮助他他也不会接受。6. 鲁迅说过:“只要我活着,我就会学习”。7. 他很早就出发了为了能及时到达。8. 很多东西都改变了,自从我们搬到新址。9. 不论你在哪里,我都会在这里等你。10. 每次我与他交谈,我可以从他身上知道一些新的东西。VI. 短文填空AThe clock was just striking eleven 1 I heard a noise coming from the lift(电梯). I opened the door of my room and listened; someone was beating against the door of the lift and calling out 2 the same time.Whats wrong? I shouted. The door 3 (stick),it seems, and I can not get out, the answer came back. The voice, 4 sounded like that of a girl, came from several floors below.After 5 (tell) the girl that I would help, I went back into the room to get some tools and my wife went off to call the police. Then I hurried down the stairs until I reached the place 6 the lift got stuck.I tried forcing open the lift door, talking all the while to the girl 7 (trap) inside, but my tools were no use for this purpose. Very soon, however, my wife returned and said that the police 8 (promise) to send an engineer.Shortly afterwards the engineer turned 9 with two policemen. 10 took the engineer only a short while to get the door open. We waited anxiously. Was the girl all right?Im hungry, she said in good spirits as she stepped out.BVisitors to Britain are always complaining about English food. But they do not really know 1 they are talking about because they rarely get a chance 2 (eat) it. Most of the restaurants in large towns have foreign owners and serve foreign food. When visitors are invited to eat in an English home, their 3 often feel they must offer them something foreign and exotic.Those of us 4 do know English foods are aware that at
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