状语从句重难点详解[课件].ppt

状语从句详解 禄劝一中董加维2009年4月8日 状语从句 用作状语的从句叫做状语从句 引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词 例 Whenyoucrosstheroad youmustbecareful 当你过马路时要小心 when是从属连词 IwaslatebecauseImissedthebus 我迟到了 因为我误了公共汽车 关联词是从属连词because Ifsheasksme I lltellher 她如果问我 我就告诉她 关联词是从属连词if Youlookasifyouneedarest 你像是需要休息似的 关联词是从属连词asif 从上面的例子可以看出 状语从句的位置比较灵活 有时可以放于句首 有时可以置于句末 状语从句位于句首时 其后常用逗号与后面的句子隔开 状语从句可以根据其用途分为时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 结果状语从句 程度状语从句 目的状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句及方式状语从句 今天我们主要来复习时间状语从句 原因状语从句 结果状语从句 目的状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句等 1 时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的关联词常有 after before when while whenever assoonas as since until等 例 Theballgoesupveryhighafterithitstheground 这球着地后蹦得很高 Waituntilyou recalled 你等着叫你吧 Whenhecame Iwascooking 他来时 我在做饭 I llcallyouassoonasIcomeback 我一回来就给你打电话 Beforetheycameback wehadfinishedthework 他们回来前 我们已经完成工作了 Wehaven tseeneachothersinceheleft 从他离开后我们没见过面 2 原因状语从句 原因状语从句通常由because as since等词引导 because语气较强 用以回答why问句as语气较弱 较口语化 所表示的原因较明显 since语气较弱 常表对方已知的事实 相当于汉语的 既然 e g IeatpotatoesbecauseIlikethem 我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆 AsIdidn tknowtheway Iaskedapoliceman 我由于不知道路 因而问警察 Sinceyouwon thelpme I llasksomeoneelse 你既然不帮我 那我就请别人帮我 3 结果状语从句 结果状语从句常用sothat suchthat等关联词引导 e g Heissoyoungthathecan tgotowork 他如此小以致于他不能上班 Hegotsolittlepaythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney 他工资很少 他的家人不得不靠救济金生活 It ssuchagoodchancethatwemustn tmissit 机会这样好 我们决不能失掉 4 目的状语从句 目的状语从句常由sothat inorderthat等词引导 目的状语从句常用助动词may might shall should will would can could 目的状语从句常放于主句之后 例 Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou 你要讲得清楚 他们才听得懂 Hespokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand 他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂 5 条件状语从句 条件状语从句表示条件 关联词常用if或unless as so longas Ifitsnowstomorrow wewillbuildasnowman 明天如果下雪 我们就堆雪人 You llcatchacoldunlessyouputonyourcoat 你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣 Hewilldoanythingaslongasitisinteresting 只要有趣 他什么都愿意干 6 让步状语从句 让步状语从句 表示 虽然 尽管 即使 等概念 常用的关联词有 though although eventhough等 Thoughhewasill hewasstillworking 他虽然有病 但仍然继续工作 Althoughitisdifficult weshalldoit 此事虽难 但我们还是要做 Eventhoughyousayso Idonotbelieveit 即使你这样说 我也不信 注 though和although可以互换 只是although比较正式 though不可以与连词but连用 但可以与yet still连用 例 Thoughheworkedhard hecouldn tpasstheexam 虽然他很努力 但还是没通过考试 7 比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用than或as as引导 than表示两者的比较 as as表示程度相同的比较 例 HeistallerthanI 他比我高 Thatbookismoreinterestingthanthisone 那本书比这本有趣 HerunsasfastasI do 他和我跑得一样快 Heisolderthanme 注 1 比较状语从句后面的主语在口语中常用宾格 如果后面的句子主语为主格时 可以加助动词 情态动词等 HecanjumphigherthanIcan 他能比我跳得高 HecamelaterthanLiLeidid 他比李磊来得晚 注 2 becauseof和because的区别becauseof后加名词代词或动名词 不加句子 而because加句子 例 Becauseofhisillness hedidn tgotowork 因为生病 他没上班 Becausehewasill hedidn tgotowork 在条件和时间状语从句中 如果主句用将来时 从句常用一般现在时 Ifitdoesn train we llgofishing 明天不下雨我们就去钓鱼 Assoonashecomesback I lllethimknowit 他一回来 我就让他知道这事 if构成条件从句时意为 如果 可以放句首也可以放主句后 构成宾语从句时意为 是否 一般放主句后 例 Idon tknowifhewillcometomorrow 宾从 我不知道他明天是否来 Ifhecomes I lltellyou I lltellyouifhecomes 如果他来 我会告诉你 模拟试题 答题时间 50分钟 1 Didhetellyou attheschoolgate A whohewaitedforB whoishewaitingC whodidhewaitforD whohewaswaiting 2 Doyouknow A whoisheB whatheisC whatisheD whoheis A D 3 Idon tknow A wheredoeshecomefromB wherehedoescomefromC wherehecomefromD wherehecomesfrom 4 Excuseme Couldyoutellme gettotheplane Certainly Gostraightalonghere A howcanweB howwecanC wherecanweD wherewecan 5 Theteacheraskedthenewstudent classhewasin A whichB whereC howD when D B A 6 Doyouknow afterschooleveryday A whatdoeshedoB hedoeswhatC whathedoesD doeshedowhat 7 Haveyoudecided withme A whowillyougoB whowillgoC whowentD whodidyougo 8 Heaskedme A whodidkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD wherewillthe2008Olympicbeheld C B C 9 KatehasgonetoShanghaiandIdon tknow tomorrow A whenshecallsmeB whenshewillcallmeC whendoesshecallmeD whenwillshecallme 10 Wheredoeshecomefrom Pardon Iaskedwhere A didhecomefromB hecamefromC hecomesfromD doeshecomefrom 11 Ididn tknow atthemeetingyesterday A whattosayB tosaywhatC whytosayD tosaywhy B A B 12 Couldyoutellme A whattimetheplaneleavesB whattimetheplaneleaveC whattimedidtheplaneleaveD whattimewilltheplaneleave 13 Doyouknow sheknowsit A whatB ifC whenD what 14 Boysandgirls didyouhear Isaid A thatB whatC itD those 15 Youmustremember A whatyourteachersaidB whatdidyourteachersayC yourteachersaidwhatD whathasyourteachersaid B B A A 16 Iwatchedthatmanforalongtimeandwantedtoknow A whetherIhaveseenhimbeforeB whereIhadseenhimbeforeC thatIhadseenhimbeforeD whendidIseehim 17 Doyouknow Sorry Idon tknow Youmayaskthewomanoverthere A whentheshopopensB whenistheshopopenC whendoestheshopopenD whenwilltheshopopen 18 Doyouknowwhyshe Mr Wangtomorrow Shehaschangedhermind A won tvisitB didn tvisitC doesn tvisitD hasn tvisit A A B 19 Couldyoutellme withthebrokenwindow A whatIshoulddoB whatshouldIdoC howtodD howIshoulddo 20 Doyouknow Theymovedheresoonaftertheirsonwasborn A whenwouldtheGreensmovehereB whentheGreensmovedhereC theGreenswouldmovehereD whentheGreenswouldmovehere 21 Idon tknowwhenhe backfromEngland A willcomeB comeC comesD coming B A A 22 Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter Hetoldmethathe theDisneyWorldthenextday A willvisitB hasvisitedC isgoingtovisitD wouldvisit 23 Ifhe hardernexttime hewillcatchupwithus A workB workedC worksD willwork 24 IthinkWeiHuawillbeveryhappywhenshe yourpresents A looksB willlookC receivesD willreceive C C D 25 We llsetoutassoonasourmonitor A comeB comesC willcomeD hascome 26 I llgowithyouifit finetomorrow A hasbeenB isC willbeD be 27 I llmeethimatthestationwhenhe A willreturnB returnC returnsD returned 28 Iwon tgotoseethefilmtonight becauseI myticket A lostB havelostC willlostD didn thave B B C B 29 Areyougoingtovisitthefarmtomorrow Yes Butifit we llstayatschool A rainB rainedC rainsD willrain 30 Pleasedon tstandupinclassuntilyou A weretoldtoB aretoldtoC weretoldD aretold 31 Theywon tbebackuntilthework A doB doesC isdoneD willdo 32 XiaoMingwillcomeandplaywithmeifhe busy A isB won tbeC isn tD willbe B C C C 33 IwillletyouknowaboutitassoonasI