甘肃省兰州市高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练（1）.doc

甘肃省兰州市2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练（1）阅读理解in todays throwaway society，dealing with the citys growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council(市议会) recently, edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of(处理)about 250,000 million tons of waste a year. despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green mannerlargely through encouraging recyclingits aging facilities such as the powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.the european union(eu) has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.the five councils (edinburgh，east lothian, west lothian，midlothian and borders) face fines around 18 million a year from 2013 if they dont increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.with this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.but this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new uk government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the citys waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.after the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the citys waste by train to a landfill site near dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near portobello.since powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the edinburgh council to accept the suggestion.but soon they turned it downafter 700 local objections reached thembecause it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.that still leaves the council with a problem.by 2013，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.due to this，edinburgh and midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.回收利用曾是最绿色的垃圾处理方式。 但是，这种处理方法却不能短时间内满足欧盟对于及时解决废物的政策需求，因此，在回收利用的同时，他们还是得重建一所大型的垃圾焚烧厂。1the main way of handling waste in a green manner in edinburgh is _.arecycling brestoringcburying dburning答案：a。细节判断题。第二段中的信息词“largely through encouraging recycling”可以断定选项a的说法是与原文保持一致的。2the five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to _.areduce the cost of burying waste bmeet the eu requirements cspeed up waste recyclingdreplace landfill sites答案：b。细节判断题。在第三个段落的开头提到了“the eu has issued a new policy.”便可以断定他们制定这个处理垃圾的计划也正是这个政策的出台，所以与选项b的说法是相符合的。3the city council of edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near portobello because _.ait came from a private company bthe council was not interested in it cit was not supported by eudthe local people were against it答案：d。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“.700 local objections reached them.”，可以断定市民是反对的。4what is the final decision of edinburgh and midlothian councils? ato open a new landfill nearby.bto close the powderhall landfill in 2015.cto set up a plant for burning waste.dto persuade people to reduce their waste.答案：c。细节判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的“set up an incenerator plant”，即：建一个垃圾焚烧厂，就可以断定，选项c与本信息句是相吻合的。【由安徽省合肥市2014高考模拟题改编】阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。 when i decided to quit my job as a wedding photographer, i was in my late twenties, fresh from my divorce from bob who had left me empty and confused. i decided to leave the us and travel. i had no savings, plus more than $5,000 in debt. what i did have were two sponsored tasks as a travel photographer- and with that along, i thought, it would be easy.my first experience was a road trip from toronto to las vegas, paid for by a car delivery service. other trips followed and then i started a travel blog (博客). it was intended to be my calling card for assignment travel photography. yet even with my blog and past experience, email after email i sent to publications, trying to get work, went unanswered. when they did get in touch, editors told me that i had no chance of making a career with travel photography. while i struggled to get on the path that i wanted, and as i expanded my blog to help get me there, i found myself wearing the hat of a full-time blogger.luckily, i got in at the right time. it was 2010，and the travel industry was just starting to turn its attention to bloggers. as i never could have predicted, my blogging-not my photography-did take me around the world successfully. at first，i thought it was for personal reasons, but i realized later that it was for free marketing for my blogging.within two years, i was being asked to speak at travel blogging conferences, which helped me to raise a network of friends around the world. even more meaningful, however, was when i saw that my travels were also helping other people. my blog and social media followers saw that i chased my dreams and told me over and over again how they needed that kind of example, which was absent in their lives elsewhere.51 after the author quit her job, she decided to _.a. divorce her husbandb. be a wedding photographerc. pay off all her debtd. go travelling abroad2. what can we learn about the author from the 2nd paragraph?a. she paid money to a car delivery agency for a road trip.b. she realised his dream of becoming a travel photographer.c. she got a job as an editor in a publishing house.d. she finally became a professional blogger unintentionally.3. the author believed her success mainly resulted from _.a. her personal reasonsb. her photographing skillsc. free marketing for bloggingd. booming of travel industry4. what did the author think of her two years work?a. inspiring. b. appealing. c. interesting. d. challenging.【参考答案】14、ddca 【由广东省广州市2014模拟改编】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项。stage fright or performance anxiety is the anxiety, or fear which may occur in an individual by the requirement to perform in front of an audience. it is most commonly seen in school situations, like stand-up projects and class speeches. it has numerous forms: heart beating fast, trembling hands and legs, sweaty hands, dry mouth etc.in fact, most of the fear occurs before you step on stage. once youre up there, it usually goes away. thus, it is a phenomenon that you must learn to control. try to think of stage fright in a positive way. it heightens your energy, adds color to your cheeks. with these good side effects you will actually look healthier and more physically attractive.many of the top performers in the world get stage fright so you are in good company. stage fright may come and go or decrease, but it usually does not disappear permanently. you must concentrate on getting the feeling out and present what you have prepared calmly.remember “nobody” ever died from stage fright. but, according to surveys, many people would rather die than give a speech. if that applies to you, and you are an unlucky guy who is with stage fright the whole time, try out some of the strategies(策略) as follows to help get yourself under control. realize that you may never overcome stage fright, but you can learn to control it, and use it to your advantage.strategies are as follows when the program begins:1) if legs are trembling, lean on table or shift legs or move.2) dont hold notes. the audience can see them shake. use three-by-five cards instead.3) use eye contact. look at the friendliest faces in the audience. remember nervousness doesnt show one-tenth as much as it feels. before each presentation, make a short list of the items you think will make you feel better. dont be afraid to experiment with different combinations. you never know which ones will work best until you try. use these steps to control stage fright so it doesnt control you. once you are used to stage fright, you will find you on the road to a great speech-maker.1. someone may be most likely to suffer from stage fright when he/she is _.a. attending an english classb. standing in a classroomc. watching a performanced. talking in front of people2. by thinking of stage fright in a positive way, one could _.a. learn to control stage frightb. get rid of stage frightc. calm down before stepping on staged. become more physically attractive3. which of the following is true?a. top performers usually suffer from stage fright.b. stage fright may stay with a person for a life time.c. nobody would rather die than give a speech.d. no one can overcome or control stage fright.4. the author advises people with stage fright to _.a. show one-tenth of their nervousnessb. experiment with different kinds of stage frightc. refer to the strategies whenever they feel the needd. use one of the strategies each time5. the passage mainly talks about _.a. how to deal with stage fright b. what stage fright is likec. when stage fright occurs d. why people have stage fright【参考答案】1. d 2. a3. b 4. c 5. a【由湖南省2014高考十三校联考第二次考试改编】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。washington the head of the world bank says for the first time in human history, it is possible to end poverty around the worldjim yong kim told a washington audience tuesday, he wants to make ending world poverty by 2030 a top goal for the bank and governments around the worldworld bank president jim yong kim says that the problems of poverty, hunger and inequality are wide, urgent and a matter of survival of millionswe know that despite the great successes of the last decade, there are still about 13 billion people living in extreme poverty, 870 million who go hungry every day, and 69 million children under five dying every year, he saidbut kim told a washington audience that the previous successful efforts to cut the number of people living in extreme poverty by half give them hopewe are at an auspicious moment in history, when the successes of past decades and an increasingly favourable economic outlook （前景:） combine to give developing countries a chance-for the first time ever-to end extreme poverty within a generation, he said in a speech at georgetown universityour duty now must be to ensure that these favourable circumstances are matched with deliberate decisions to realize this historic opportunitykim says success will require increasing the speed of economic growth, particularly in south africa and south asiabut he warned that civil unrest （动乱） could happen if economic growth does not help people at all income levels, and also include women and youthkim says that the world bank and other development agencies will have more resources to get this job done rightmeeting this 2030 goal will take extraordinary effort, he saidhowever, kim warned that all the progress in fighting poverty could be destroyed by climate disasters unless the nations of the world do more to prevent climate change1in the opinion of jim yong kim, world poverty _ais not quite hard to end by 2030bexists only in africa and asiacis difficult but hopeful to end by 2030dwill be sure to disappear by 20302which of the following gives jim yong kim the hope to end world poverty?aa decreasing number of people are living in povertybgreat successes have been achieved in science and technologyceconomic growth is increasing in developing countriesdall countries have started to fight poverty3the underlined word auspicious in paragraph 5 most probably means _aunforgettable bluckycdisappearing dimportant4according to jim yong kim, in order to end world poverty, _awe must prevent civil unrest from happeningbwe cant ignore the needs of women and youthcwe must make more people realize the importance of fighting povertydthe countries across the world must work together to stop climate change5what s the passage mainly about?athe key of ending world poverty is preventing climate changeba top goal - ending world poverty will possibly be achieved by 2030cthe success of ending poverty - economic growthdthe progress in fighting poverty【参考答案】1-5、cabdb 1.下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加个漏字符号()，并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词的下面写上修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分。this morning on my way to school i was deep moved by what i saw outside a bank. an old man was counting his money in the front of the bank. suddenly a young man came running and knocked him down. to make things bad, his money was lying in all direction. at once the people around rush to pick the money up, while the old man stood there, not know what to do. surprisingly, everyone gave back the money they had just picked. the old man counted the money again and found that not a single bill was missed. to my great joy, there are now a lot of nice people in your life. its true what honesty is more important than money! 【参考答案】1.this morning on my way to school i was deep moved by what i saw outside a bank. an old deeplyman was counting his money in the front of the bank. suddenly a young man came running and knocked him down. to make things bad, his money was lying in all direction. at once the people worse directions/all 改anyaround rush to pick the money up when the old man stood there, not know what to do. rushed knowingsurprisingly, everyone gave back the money they had just picked. the old man counted the upmoney again and found that not a single bill was missed. to my great joy, there are now a lot of missing /lostnice people in your life. its true what honesty is more important than money! our that2.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。the way of communication in peoples li