综合英语_赵新_现代大学英语精读第1册.doc

授课教案:现代大学英语精读第一册 Unit 1 Half a day学校：北京交通大学 课程名称：综合英语学院：人文与社会科学院 教学对象：英语专业本科一年级教学目的 1. 了解作者及其背景知识； 2熟悉本文使用的写作手法； 3掌握修辞疑问句、倒装句等修辞手法； 4熟练掌握三类构词法； 5通过深刻理解文章内涵，培养学生社会洞察力和相关的讨论能力，同时掌握文中的核心语言点。教学内容 1. 热身2作者 教育与背景 主要著作 创作观3作品赏析 结构分析 如何赏析文学作品 扩展式讨论4写作技巧 省略疑问句和修辞疑问句 倒装句 “with”独立结构5语言理解 长难句解析 核心词汇学习 介词练习 构词法：前缀6课堂讨论7练与讲教学重点 1. 文学作品的赏析；2文学中的修辞手法省略疑问句和修辞疑问句；倒装句；“with”独立结构3构词法：前缀教学方法 结合实际吸收各种教学法（讲授、问答、讨论、模仿、练习、多媒体使用）的优点。教学手段用投影仪播放PowerPoint课件及板书；群发电子邮件布置课堂资料和课后作业（或其来源）。Half a DayBy Naguib Mahfouz Picture Talking for Warming-up (10 minutes)Today, we will study Half a day by Naguib Mahfouz. Lets first appreciate The Persistence of Memory, 1931 by SalvadorDali (萨尔瓦多-达利的油画记忆的永恒). Can you find any clue about life and time from the picture? Do you know any sayings or quotes wise enough to express your feelings? I will write down a couple on the blackboard as hints. Lets categorize the sayings and quotes according to the implications they carry. Hopefully, some expressions may help you better understand the story Half a Day, and meanwhile, you will find it excellent to have lots to express yourself in both writing and speaking. Quotes and sayings劝诫“They always say time changes things, but you actually have to change them yourself.” -Andy Warhol感慨“Life is short and time is swift.”无奈Time is a great teacher, but unfortunately it kills all its pupils. -Hector BerliozMore quotes and sayings of time and life: If you want to make good use of your time, youve got to know whats most important and then give it all youve got. -Lee Iacocca Nothing is worth more than this day.-Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Every second is of infinite value. -Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Half our life is spent trying to find something to do with the time we have rushed through life trying to save. -Will Rogers Dont say you dont have enough time. You have exactly the same number of hours per day that were given to Helen Keller, Pasteur, Michaelangelo, Mother Teresea, Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Jefferson, and Albert Einstein.-H. Jackson Brown, Jr. Time is what we want most, but what we use worst. -William Penn课前口头描述图画练习 （10分种）由口头描述相关图画入手，以了解学生预习课文内容的深度，提高学生描述场景的口语表达能力，帮助学生把扩充词汇量和在具体情景中使用词汇有机结合起来。课前有趣的话题、竞争的气氛和合作的态度也有助于加快学生进入最佳的学习状态。 Time is but the stream I go a-fishing in. -Henry David Thoreau But what minutes! Count them by sensation, and not by calendars, and each moment is a day.-Benjamin Disraeli Men talk of killing time, while time quietly kills them.-Dion Boucicault The time for action is now. Its never too late to do something. -Carl Sandburg “How we spend our days is, of course, how we spend our lives.” -Annie Dillard Make today the first day of the rest of your life. The only thing constant is change. “Time lost is time when we have not lived a full human life, time unenriched by experience, creative endeavor, enjoyment, and suffering.” -Dietrich Bonhoeffer Be mindful of how you approach time. Watching the clock is not the same as watching the sun rise.- Sophia Bedford-Pierce To live is so startling it leaves little time for anything else. -Emily Dickinson:Reference 1: About The Persistence of Memory, 1931 by SalvadorDali萨尔瓦多-达利(SalvadorDail)，1904年5月11日生于西班牙菲格拉斯，1989年1月23日逝世。西班牙超现实主义画家和版画家，以探索潜意识的意象著称。与毕加索、马蒂斯一起被认为是二十世纪最有代表性的三个画家。他是一位具有卓越天才和想象力的画家 。在把梦境的主观世界变成客观而令人激动的形象方面，他对超现实主义、对20世纪的艺术做出了严肃认真的贡献。达利的一生充满了传奇色彩。除了他的绘画，他的文章、口才、动作、相貌以及胡须均给欣赏他的人们留下了扑朔迷离的印象。柔软的钟表是达利最广为人知的题材。达利著名的油画记忆的永恒、雕塑时间的贵族气息、时间马鞍、时间的侧影等都出现了仿佛是快被烈日 晒化的钟表。柔软的钟表达了达利与时间之间的狂热关系，以及他对时间的制约性和时间对记忆固有的重要性的理解。达利经常把时间的使者钟描绘得软绵绵的，这种象征主义的手法只限于他所痛恨的事物。在达利的秘密生活一书中，他指出：“机械从来就是我个人的仇敌；至于钟表，它们注定要消亡或根本不存在。” Background Information (40 minutes)I. Naguib Mahfouz Education & BackgroundNaguib Mahfouz was born on the 11th Dec. 1911 in an old quarter of Cairo, the youngest son of a merchant. He studied philosophy at King Faud I (now Cairo) University, graduating in 1934. He worked in university administration and then in 1939 he worked for the Mini-stry of Islamic Affairs. He was later Head of the State Cinema Organisation at the Ministry of Culture. He also worked as a journalist. Although widely translated, his works are not available in most Middle Eastern countries because of his support of Sadats Camp David initiative. In 1994 he survived an assassination attempt by Islamic extremists. 背景知识 （40分钟）通过问答和讲解的方式，帮助学生了解1. 纳吉布马福兹所受教育和一般背景; He is married, has two daughters and lives in Cairo.II. Naguib Mahfouz important worksNaguib Mahfouz was the first Arab to win the Nobel prize for literature, in 1988. He has been described as a Dickens of the Cairo cafs and the Balzac of Egypt.He is now the author of no fewer than 30 novels, more than 100 short stories, and more than 200 articles. Half of his novels have been made into films which have circulated throughout the Arabic-speaking world. Mahfouz began writing when he was 17. His first novel was published in 1939 and ten more were written before the Egyptian Revolution of July 1952, when he stopped writing for several years. One novel was republished in 1953, however, and the appearance of The Cairo Trilogy in 1957 made him famous throughout the Arab world as a depictor of traditional urban life. Works of his second writing period: The Children of Gebelawi (1959)The Thief and the Dogs (1961)Autumn Quail (1962)Small Talk on the Nile (1966)Miramar (1967)several collections of short stories.III. Naguib Mahfouz how he pictures the worldThe picture of the world as it emerges from the bulk of Mahfouzs work is very gloomy indeed, though not completely despondent. It shows that the authors social utopia is far from being realized. Mahfouz seems to conceive of time as a metaphysical force of oppression. His novels have consistently shown time as the bringer of change, and change as a very painful process, and very often time is not content until it has dealt his heroes the final blow of death. To sum up, in Mahfouzs dark tapestry of the world there are only two bright spots. These consists of mans continuing struggle for equality on the one hand and the promise of scientific progress on the other; meanwhile, life is a tragedy. Reference 2: Midaq Alley (DVD available) Plot Summary for Callejn de los milagros( Midaq Alley), El (1995)2. 纳吉布马福兹的主要著作:阿拉伯世界的第一位诺贝尔文学奖获得者;3. 纳吉布马福兹笔下的世界: 无尽的拼搏与悲剧的人生Based on the Nobel Prize Winners novel, the Egyptian Naguib Mahfouz. The story, translated from El Cairo to Mexico Citys downtown, narrates the life of the members of the neighbourhood and the connection between them Don Ru, the owner of the local pub; Eusebia, his wife; Guicho, his son and Abel his friend, who emigrate to USA in search of fortune; Susanita, the single landtender always dreaming to marry a good man; Jimmy, the pubs employee, who extracts the money when Don Ru is not there and finally marries Susanita; Alma, the very good looking girl, the Abels dream, who becomes a luxury prostitute while hes away, etc. This movie won the Ariel (the Mexican Oscar) as best movie in 1995Text Appreciation (50 minutes)I. Structure of the text (10 minutes)The text can be conveniently divided into three parts. In the first part (para.1-7), we learn about the boys misgivings about school. He found it hard to be away from home and mom, and thought school was punishment. The second part (para.8-16) describes how the boy felt about school. He found that life at school was rich and colorful in many ways, although it also required discipline and hard work. In the last part of the text, the boy walked out of the school to find that the outside world had changed beyond measure and that he had grown into an old man.= 2 * ROMAN II. How to appreciate literature (15 minutes) Plot of the story: Setting of the story: Protagonist v.s. Antagonists: Drama of the story lies in: Writing technique: (Have you ever read a story using the similar technique?) Theme of the story:= 3 * ROMAN III Further discussion (15 minutes)1. Read the following suggestions made by the father. Which ones do you agree with and which ones not? Have you ever been given some suggestions by your parents when entering the university? List them out. School is a place that make useful men out of boys. Dont you want to be useful like your brothers? Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others. Be a man. Today you truly begin life. 2. From the description between Para.8 and Para.16, we can see different aspects of school life. Try to list as many aspects as possible in the following table.Good onesBad onesLoveDiscipline3. In the last part of the text, the boy walked out of the school to find that the outside world had changed beyond measure. How might he feel about the changes? List exact words that support your choice.He was ? frightened ? surprised ? angry ? puzzled ?excited ? satisfied ? delighted ? sad ? indifferent ?criticalSupporting words startled, _4After-class thinking who, through works rich in nuance - now clear-sightedly realistic, now evocatively ambiguous - has formed an Arabian narrative art that applies to all mankind”After reading “Half a Day”, how do you understand the comment on Naguib Mahfouz? Great works never fail to reveal the common human experience. After reading the story, do you feel emotionally or spiritually touched? Why or why not? Writing devices (30 minutes). Elliptical question & rhetorical question“Why school?” I asked my father. “What have I done?”A: Headmaster: We want you to go and tell the boys parents the news.B: Teacher: Why me?Father: Well go to Tianjin this weekend.Daughter: What for?/ Why this weekend?/Why Tianjin?Dont you want to be useful like your brothers?Cant you see Im busy? (Dont disturb me!)What good is a promise for an unemployed worker?Does nothing ever worry you?Please give more examples. Inverted sentences here and there stood conjurers showing off their tricks, or making snakes appear from baskets.Conjurers stood everywhere. They were showing off their tricks or making snakes appear from baskets.More examples: There are some exceptions to this reaction. Were there no air on the earth, there would be no life on it. In no case should we waste our time. There goes the bell. Away hurried the customers. “with” absolute structure课后思考讨论写作技巧（30分钟）1省略疑问句和修辞疑问句2 倒装句3“with”独立结构Then there was a band ., with clowns and weight lifters walking in front.More examples: He stood there with a stick in his hand. (with + n. + prep.) Paul soon fell asleep with the light still burning. (with + n. + participle) She cant go out with all these dishes to wash. (with + n. + to do.) He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. (with + n. + adv. )Language Understanding （60 minutes）I. Sentence Paraphrase (20 minutes)1. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time.What does “they” refer to?What does the narrator imply by using “to be thrown into school”? 2. My mother stood at the window watching our progress, and I turned towards her from time to time, hoping she would help.n What does “progress” mean here?n What kind of help could his mother offer?n What does the sentence tell us about the boys relationships with his parents?3. a street lined with gardens a street where there are gardens along both sideslined with : past participle phrase used here to modify “a street”. It can be regarded as a relative clause cut short, eg.a novel (that was) written by Charles Dickenspersonal computers (that are) made in China4. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building.There is no good to be had in doing sth.It is no good/use doing sth.5. from each floor we were overlooked by a long balcony roofed in wood. on one side of the courtyard was a building with a long wood-roofed balcony on each floor where we could be seen. Or from the balcony on each floor of the building people could see the pattern into which we formed.6. Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis.Well, perhaps my doubt, worry and fear about what school would be like were all groundless. OrWell, it seemed that I was wrong to think that school was a dreadful place.7. In addition, the time for changing ones mind was over and gone and there was no question of ever returning to the paradise of home.There is no question (of doing): there is no possibilityBesides, it was impossible for us to quit school and return to the good old days when we stayed home playing and fooling around all day. Our childhood was gone, never to come back.8. Nothing lay ahead of us but exertion, struggle, and perseverance.nothing but: onlyWe would have to do our best and keep working very hard until we finished school. This is what I imagined our school days would be like. Or The kind of life that was waiting for us at school would be full of exertion, struggle and perseverance.9. Those who were able took advantage of the opportunities for success and happiness that presented themselves.to present itself/ themselves: (formal) to appear, happenIf there came opportunities, capable students would seize them to achieve success and happiness. Word study (20 minutes)1. to make sb./sth. (out) of sb./sth. Its a place that makes useful men out of boys. (make boys become useful men) eg. The army made a man of him. He said the Government were frightened of nothing. The real trouble was we were making a mountain out of a molehill.2. There is no good to be had in doing sth.It is no good/use doing sth.There is no good to be had in buying a boat when you dont have enough spare time to use it.Its no good crying over spilt milk.It is worth doing well what is worth doing.it is no (not much) good it is no (not any, hardly any, little) use it is uselessit is not the slightest useit is worth(worthwhile)there is no (no good, no use)There is no denying that women are playing an important role in the world today.3. to tear sb. away from a placeto (make sb.) leave a place or a person unwillingly because one has toeg. Cant you tear yourself away from the TV for dinner? I found the program absolutely fascinating. I couldnt tear myself awayeven to finish an urgent e-mail.4. to cling to sth.to hold tightly; not release ones grip oneg. The little child clung to his mother for comfort. Some of the victims of the fire climbed out of the building, clung to the window ledges for a minute or two and then dropped to their death a hundred feet below. She still clings to the belief that her son is alive.5. burst into (tears, sobs; laughter, a guffaw, song) begin, suddenly and/or violently, to cry, laugh, sing etc.eg. Aunt Annabel, who has been nervous and jumpy lately, suddenly burst into tears. As the comic got into his stride, the audience burst into hoots of laughter.cf. The aircraft turned on its back and burst into flames.The orchards seemed to have burst into blossom overnight.I mentioned the incident later to a tailor friend and he burst out laughing/crying.6 sort people into ranks put . in order; arrange They sorted the apples according to size into large ones and small ones.cf. She spent a happy afternoon sorting out her coins and stamps. Its no good standing back and waiting for things to sort themselves out.7to resort to to make use of ; to turn to sth. (esp. sth. bad) as a solutioneg. Terrorists resorted to bombing city centers as a means of achieving their political aims. These are means we have never resorted to to obtain information.8to present oneself to appear, happeneg. When the chance to study at Harvard presented itself, I jumped at it. He was ordered to present himself at the chairmans office at nine oclock next morning.Guess the word meaning They unwrapped their Christmas presents.His wife presented him with a brand-new baby girl.His sudden resignation presents us with a tricky situation.The National Theatre is presenting “King Lear” next month.It was unfair to discuss his case if he wasnt present.III. Preposition exercises（5 minutes） Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions.The change of air is particularly beneficial _ her health.He i