Unit0Money（2）（学案（北师大版必修4）

知识详解 1 .existvi.存在；生存；维持生活(回归课本P5)Two thousand years ago，English did not exist.在两千年以前，英语还没有出现。归纳拓展例句探源There always exists a force of attraction between two bodies.两物体间总是存在着吸引力。They exist on very little food.他们靠极少的食物来生存。(朗文P758)Scientists have many theories about how the universe came into existence.关于宇宙的起源，科学家有许多理论。1John doesnt believe in the _ of God.Alife BexistCexistence Dexhibition解析：选C。句意：约翰不相信上帝的存在。2 .concernv关系，涉及，与有关 n忧虑，挂念之事(回归课本P8)Some millionaires continue to be concerned about money when they become millionaires有些人当他们成其为百万富翁的时候还在继续为金钱烦恼。归纳拓展例句探源People all over the world are concerned about the problem of global warming.全世界的人们都在担心气候变暖的问题。Dont be involved in what doesnt concern you.不要管那些与你无关的事。(牛津P407)This chapter concerns itself with the historical background.本章旨在讲述历史背景。2完成句子_ _ _ _ _ _ (就我们而言)，you can go whenever you want.答案：As far as we are concerned3 .awareadj.知道的，意识到的(回归课本P8)I was a millionaire，but was aware there were a lot of hungry people in the world.我是个百万富翁，但是也意识到世界上有许多吃不饱的人。归纳拓展例句探源(2010年高考江西卷)He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him.他是如此忙于想着他要抓到的鱼以至于他没有察觉到四周的一切。Now most people are aware of the seriousness of the water pollution现在大多数人意识到了水污染的严重性。As far as I am aware，he didnt say anything of the kind.据我所知，他没有说过此类的话。3The student became _ the danger of smoking and decided to give it up.AawareBaware ofCaware that Daware with解析：选B。句意：那个学生意识到了吸烟的危害性，决定戒烟。become aware of“知道，意识到”符合句意。be/become aware that后接从句；aware通常不与with连用。4 .bargainvt.交易，讨价还价n.便宜货(回归课本P10)Where does Helen say you cant bargain?海伦说你在哪里不能讲价？归纳拓展例句探源He made a bargain with his wife，“You do the shopping and I will cook.”他和妻子达成协议：“你去买东西，我烧饭。”We bargained with her about the price.我们跟她讲价。4翻译句子(1)她和卖水果的人讨价还价，直到他把水果便宜地卖给了她。_答案：She bargained with the trader till he sold her the fruit cheaply.(2)这件夹克衫这么便宜，真划得来。_答案：This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price.(3)你讲讲价，他们可能会把价钱降低。_答案：If you bargain with them，they might reduce the price.5 .ashamedadj.羞耻的；惭愧的(回归课本P10)She is not ashamed to say she has not got much money.她并不为没挣到钱而感到羞愧。归纳拓展(2010年高考广东卷)When I was growing up in America，I was ashamed of my mothers Chinese English.因为我在美国长大，所以我对妈妈的中国式英语感到难为情。She was ashamed to tell anyone that she had fallen in love with him.她羞于告诉任何人自己爱上了他。例句探源5We all felt _ when we realized we made the same mistake as they did.AashameBshameCshameful Dashamed解析：选D。句意：当意识到我们犯了和他们一样的错误时，我们感到很惭愧。fell是系动词，后面应用形容词形式，故A、B项不对；shameful意为“令人感到可耻的”，不符合句意。6 .annoyvt.打搅；使烦恼(回归课本P10)If the person says“no”，she is annoyed.如果那人说“不”，她就不高兴。归纳拓展例句探源It is possible that annoying rushhour traffic could become a source of renewable energy?令人心烦的交通高峰期有可能成为可再利用的新能源吗？I was really annoyed with him at that time.那时，我是真的生他的气了。Everyone is annoyed by the amount of traffic in the city.大家都为城市拥挤的交通感到烦恼。6用annoy的适当形式填空Some _ flies kept _ me and I felt _ very much.答案：annoying；annoying；annoyed7 .appealvi.吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁，恳求(回归课本P12)Well，if buying a bag of candies or cookies doesnt appeal to you，how about buying a tree instead?如果你对买一袋糖果或甜点不感兴趣，那(用这钱)买一棵树如何？归纳拓展He appealed against the judges decision他不服法官判决而上诉。(牛津P79)The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups.设计要雅俗共赏，老少皆宜。例句探源7“Would you really help？”he said with an _ look.Aappealed BappealingCworrying Dangry解析：选B。根据直接引语中Would you .的表达语气，可以看出问话人用的是一种非常礼貌的请求语气，因此可以排除D项。此处表达的应是“一种恳求的表情”的含义。8 .containvt.包含，包括(回归课本P12)The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area.泥土中有一些物质可以保持这个地区的自然平衡。易混解析contain，include(1)contain意为“包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指的是包含的全部内容或容量，也可指里面所含的成分。其宾语与主语常是同位关系，不用于进行时态(2)include意为“包含；连在内，计入，算入，包括”，只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。常用including被包括部分，被包括部分included。Many people like tennis，including me/me included.(2010年高考陕西卷)Many spam emails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company.8By figuring out the secret message _ in each item，the person who received the basket began to understand the true feelings of the person who sent it.AcontainedBincludedCfound Dwritten解析：选A。句意：通过弄清楚每个物品中所包含的秘密信息，这个收到篮子的人开始明白了送篮子的人的真正情感。此句中用contained作后置定语，表示每一件物品中所包含的信息。9 .balancevt.& n平衡；称(回归课本P12)The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area.泥土中有一些物质可以保持这个地区的自然平衡。归纳拓展(朗文P137)I think on balance I prefer the old system.总的说来，我更喜欢旧体制。The acrobat balanced himself on the high rope.杂技演员在高处的绳子上使自己保持平衡。It is difficult to keep ones balance on an icy pavement.人行道上结了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。例句探源9John lost his _ and fell from the ladder.AbodyBweightCbalance Dspirit解析：选C。根据题干中的“fell from the ladder”可以看出“约翰失去了平衡”。10 .advancevi. & vt.(知识、技术等)取得进展；前进；提前 n.前进；提升(回归课本P13)They were determined to take the opportunity to advance across the river.他们下决心借此机会向前横过那条河。归纳拓展例句探源There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.她发现一堵墙似的洪流朝她迅速奔涌过来。Its cheaper if you book the tickets in advance.提前预订票要便宜一些。(2010年高考上海卷)If we have advance warning，well be able to reduce the damage.如果我们有提前预警，我们就能减少损失。10He has many qualities，but his best quality is his kindness which _ to everyone.AadvancesBsuitsCappeals Dadopts解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意：他有许多优良品质，其中最突出的是他的仁慈，这一点每个人都喜欢。advance“前进，促进”；suit“适合，符合”；adopt“应用，收养”；appeal to“吸引”；故C项符合句意。11.replacevt.代替；取代；把放回原处(回归课本P17)Well，its a disk to replace our textbook.噢，它是一个代替我们教科书的磁盘。归纳拓展例句探源(2010年高考浙江卷).my wonderful camera would very quickly be replaced by a new model.我的很好的照相机很快就会被新的型号代替。I replaced the old tyres with new ones.我用新轮胎替换了旧轮胎。Can anything replace a mothers love and care?有什么东西能代替母亲的爱和关心吗？11Robots are _ people on assembly lines.AreplacementBreplacingCplacing Dreplaced解析：选B。句中已经出现系动词are，选项位置如果是动词应该用动词ing或ed形式，体现进行时态或被动语态。从语义上看，本句含义是“机器人逐渐代替了装配线上的工人”，replace“取代，替换，代替，把放回原处”。replacement是名词，意思是“归还，复位，交换，代替者”；place意为“放置，寄予，任命”。12 .drop out掉出，衰退，消失，退出，退学(回归课本P8)Charles Gray decided to drop out and has discovered that having only a little money makes you free.查尔斯格雷决定退出，他发现仅有少量的钱财可以使人自由。归纳拓展例句探源If you dont like the idea，drop out!若你不喜欢这个建议，你就退出！Because his parents died，he had to drop out of school.因为父母去世，他不得不中途辍学。I think Ill drop in on Jill on my way home.我想我回家时会顺路看望一下吉尔。Dont drop behind the others on the trail in case you get lost.路上别掉队，以免迷路。12It is unlucky to the farmers that there _ a few _ of rain in such dry weather.Ais；dropsBis；dropCare；drops Dare；drop解析：选C。句意：对农民来说，在这么干旱的天气里，就下了几滴雨是不幸的。a few修饰可数名词，排除B、D两项；there be句型中谓语动词应与drops一致。13 .be tired of.对厌烦(指精神上)(回归课本P8)He was tired of being a person who had everything in a world where many people had nothing.他不再想做在许多人一无所有的情况下自己却拥有一切的那种人。be tired from/with，be tired of(1)be tired from/with表“因而疲乏”，两词组的意思差不多，都表示身体上的累。(2)be tired of表“对厌倦”，指精神上的疲劳。You may be_tired_with reading，but you should not be tired of it.He wants to be famoushe is_tired_of being nobody.易混辨析13介词填空(1)Im very tired _ running as fast as I can答案：from/with(2)Im tired _ the same breakfast every morning.答案：of14 .give away颁发(奖品)；捐赠，赠送；放弃(机会等)，泄露(秘密等)；出卖；让步；陷下(回归课本P8)Therefore he gave away all his money to charities.所以他把自己的一切钱财都捐给了慈善事业。归纳拓展例句探源(朗文P822)I was afraid the kids would give the whole thing away.恐怕孩子们会把整件事说出去。(朗文P823)Ive given up expecting him to change.我已经不指望他会改变。(朗文P823)Students were giving out leaflets to everyone on the street.学生们在向街上所有的人分发传单。14Johnson _ his wife and _ smoking.Agave up；gave inBgave away to；gave upCgave in to；gave upDgave away to；gave out解析：选C。本题考查四个短语的区别。give up表示“放弃”；give in to表示“向让步”；give away to表示“背弃，出卖，泄密”；give out表示“耗尽，用光”。根据句意和短语的意思可知C项最合适。15 .make up缝制；虚构；整理；和解；弥补；拼凑；构成；化妆(回归课本P18)However，instead of showing real，existing structures，he used photographs to make up imaginary structures that best represented the different architectural styles.但他没有去展现真实存在的建筑结构，而是用照片聚合成一个想象中的能最佳代表不同建筑风格的结构图。归纳拓展make up for补偿make out 听出，辨认出make up to讨好，奉承make up(to sb.)for sth.(对某人)表示歉意，给以补偿make up with sb.与某人和好be made into.被制成be made up of.由组成例句探源