河高高三英语语法专题讲练7倒装.doc

河高高三英语语法专题讲练倒装句的用法编制人：倪安莉 审核人：赵清林 序号：7班级： 姓名： 小组：倒装句是为了语法结构的需要或为了强调而把谓语的一部分或全部提到主语的前面。倒装句有两种：部分倒装和全部倒装。一、部分倒装一般把谓语中的be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语前面。常见于下列情况：1.only所修饰的副词，介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，用部分倒装。注意：only修饰主语时，不需要倒装。如：Only you can do it. 1) .Only then did I realize that I was wrong.直到那时我才意识到自己错了。 2). Only when I see it with my own eyes do I believe it.只有当我亲眼看见我才相信。 3) .Only in this way can we learn English well.只有这样我们才能学好英语。2.含有否定意义的副词或词组放在句首时用部分倒装。常见的否定词有：never、not、little、rarely(很少）、seldom(很少)、hardly(几乎不)、scarcely(几乎不)、nowhere等 常见的否定词组有：not until(直到才)、not often（不经常）、not only( but also)(不但.而且) 、hardly/scarcely(when)（一就）、no sooner(than)（一就）、in no way/case（决不），by no means （决不），on no account/condition（决不）等。1).Little did I know that she had already left. 我一点也不知道她离开了。2).Not only is he rich but also he is very kind.他不仅很富有而且很友善。3).Never have I seen such a kind man.我从没见过这么好心的人。 4).On no account must this employee be removed. 这个雇员绝不能被解雇。5).Not until he told me had I heard anything of it. 直到他告诉我，我才听说这件事。6).No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.我刚出门，他就来看我了。7).Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests.火车刚一进站，我们就跑向卧车去找我们的客人。3.把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物，用于肯定句，或者把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物，主语和谓语要部分倒装。1). He went to the film last night.So did I.他昨晚去看了电影，我也去了。2）.He hasnt been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他没去过乡村，他也不想去。注意：如果“so”不作“也”讲而只起连词作用，表示一种“的确如此”的意思时，句子就要用正常语序。如：1).His mother told him to go to the film.So he did.他妈妈叫他去看电影。他真的去了。2).He is a tall thin man.So he is.他是一个又高又瘦的男子。确实如此。当前面有两个以上不同类型的谓语动词时，或既有肯定又有否定时用：So it is with或It is the same with句型。如：3).I like chicken, but I dont like fish.我喜欢吃鸡，但是不喜欢吃鱼。So it is with me.我也一样。4).Tom is an American, but lives in China.It is the same with Jack.汤姆是美国人，但住在中国，杰克也一样。4.在sothat, suchthat句型中，若把so, such引导的结构放在句首时,用部分倒装。 1). So fast did he walk that none of us could catch up with him.他走得如此快，以至于我们没人能赶上他。 2). So difficult did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English well.我觉得在说英语的国家生活真难以至于我决定要学好英语。 3). Such a fine day is it that we like to play outside. 天气是如此之好以至于我想出去玩一下。5.省略了if的虚拟条件句中，把were, had或should放在句首时。 1).Were I you, I would not do such a thing. 如果我是你，我不会做这样的事。 2). Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the meeting. 如果明天下雨，我们将把会议推迟。3).Had you worked harder, you would have passed the exam. 要是你努力学习，你就通过考试了。二、全部倒装就是把整个谓语部分放在主语之前。注意：谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致。常见于下列几种情况：1.在there be 结构中，全部倒装。1).There are some flowers on the table .2).There is a book on the desk.除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等，一般都译成有的含义，构成完全倒装句。2.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时也用倒装。1).“Is it ready yet?”asked Hu Xin.2).“Try again. Watson!”said Holmes.3.由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句：以地点副词here, there,方位副词out, in, up, down及时间副词now, then等开头的句子里，以示强调,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等. 注意：主语是人称代词时,主谓不倒装。Here he comes. Here you are.请观察以下转换，转换后的句子为倒装句：1)The bell goes there .There goes the bell. 铃响了。 2)The chairman came then. Then came the chairman.然后主席来了。 3)The children rushed out. Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。 4.强调表语或主语较长，把表语置于句首时，“主系表”全部倒装为“表系主”即“表语+系动词+主语”。 1).Present at the meeting was the headmaster.校长出席了会议。2).Hidden behind the door were some naughty children.一些淘气的孩子藏在门后。3).In front of the playground is a newly-built house.一栋新建的房子位于操场前面。4).On the floor were piles of books, magazines and newspaper. 地板上是一堆堆的书，杂志和报纸。（主语较长）三、其它类型的倒装：1.用于形容词/副词/名词/动词+as/though引导的让步状语从句中。注意：当表语为名词时，则名词前不加任何冠词.其结构为 n. / adj. / adv. / v. + as / though + 主语+ 谓语1).Old as he is, he is full of energy.2).Clever though he is, he is not proud.3).Try as he would, he might fail again.4).Child as he was, he had to make a living.2.由however/no matter how和whatever/no matter what引导的让步状语从句中，把however/no matter how+adj./adv.或whatever/no matter what+n.放在句首时用倒装。However busy you are, you should spend some time reading books. However late he is, his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. 3.比较级句型“the more+比较级,the +比较级”，即“越越” The more difficult the problem is, the more interested he becomes.题越难，他越感兴趣。4.感叹句结构为 How + adj./adv. + 主语+ 谓语+What + n. + 主语+ 谓语+ 1).How happy the children are! 2).What a pity( it is)!特殊：May置于句首的感叹句，表示“但愿！”“愿！” 1).May you have a long happy life! 祝你健康长寿，生活幸福！ 2). May you succeed!祝你成功！四、倒装在高考中的运用倒装句在英语语法中，通常和强调句型等放在一起称为特殊句式。在广东高考的语法填空中，近四年都不曾体现倒装句这一考点，但是这并不意味着这一语法不重要。倒装句更多的是在我们的写作当中体现，特别是在作文的结尾部分，如果要用到一些号召性或呼吁性的字句，我们经常可以用到“Only状语”的倒装句。比如在2008年高考的读写任务中，在写完写作要点后，我们可以来个总结：Only when we are fully prepared for college life can we adapt ourselves to the new environment quickly.这样结尾水到渠成，文章首尾呼应，读来一气呵成，定能吸引评卷老师的眼球。多项选择：1.(2014大纲卷）26. _ the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.A. Not do only B. Do not only C. Only not do D. Not only do 2.(2014湖南卷29. Only when you can find peace in your heart _good relationships with others.A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you kept D. did you keep3.（2014陕西卷）17. No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C. has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has4.（2014 福建卷）32. no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. A. Were there B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been 5.（2014 天津卷）15. _ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting. A. Did he catch B. Should be catch C. Has he caught D. Had he caught6.【2013 江西】25. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _to him again. A. I will speak B. will I speak C. do I speak D. I speak7.(2013 辽宁】26. At no time_ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. A. they actually broke B. do they actually break C. did they actually break D. they had actually broken8.【2013湖南】Not once _ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. A. occurred it B. it did occur C. it occurred D. did it occur9.【2013江苏】“Never for a second,” the boy says, “_ that my father would come to my rescue.” A. I doubted B. do I doubt C. I have doubted D. did I doubt 10.【2012江西】Never before _ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. A. had she B. she had C. has she D. she has11.【2012重庆】The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _it a thought.A. does he even give B. he even gives C. will he even give D. he will even give12.【2013福建】 Not until he went through real hardship _the love we have for our families is important. A. had he realized B. did he realize C. he realized D. he had realized 13.【2012辽宁】Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _ having a holiday abroad. A. he had considered B. had he considered C. he considered D. did he consider14.【2013广西】 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _ properly in this hospital. A.can be the patients treated B. can the patients be treated C. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients 15.【2012天津】Only after Mary read her composition the second time _ the spelling mistakes. A. did she notice B. she noticed C. does she notice D. she has noticed 完成句子1. 【2013湖北】So fast _ that we can hardly imagine its speed. (travel）光传播的速度快到我们难以想象。2. 【2012湖北】Little _ what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance. (care) 她不在乎外表,她在乎的是自己的工作表现。 3. 【2011湖北】Not until