2018届秋季高中英语Unit2WorkingthelandPeriod3LearningaboutLanguage课后阅读作业新人教版必修.docx

Unit 2 Working the land Period 3 Learning about Language课后阅读作业ALONDON(Reuters)Organic fruit, delivered right to the doorstep. That is what Gabriel Gold prefers, and he is willing to pay for it. If this is not possible, the 26-year-old computer technician will spend the extra money at the supermarket buying organic food. “Organic product is always better, ”Gold said. “The food is free of pesticides(杀虫剂), and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally grown and seasonal, so it is tasty. ”Gold is one of the growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business. But how many shoppers really know what they are getting, and why are they willing to pay a higher price for organic product? Market research shows that Gold and others who buy organic food can generally give clear reasons for their preferencesbut their knowledge of organic food is far from complete. For example, small amounts of pesticides can be used on organic product. And about three quarters of organic food in Britain is not local but imported to meet growing demand. “The demand for organic food is increasing by about one third every year, so it is a very fast-growing market, ”said Sue Flock, a specialist in this line of business. 【语篇概述】有机农产品不用农药, 更环保, 更健康。尽管价格稍高, 但还是很受人们的青睐。1. More and more people in Britain are buying organic food because_. A. they are getting richerB. they can get the food anywhereC. they consider the food free of pollutionD. they like home-grown fruit【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Organic product is always better. . . The food is free of pesticides. . . ”可知, 有机农产品不用农药, 没有污染。2. Which of the following statements is TRUE about most organic product sold in Britain? A. It grows indoors all year round. B. It is produced outside Britain. C. It is grown on family farms. D. It is produced on large farms. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。此题考查审题的缜密性。本题的题眼在“most”一词。根据第二段中的“And about three quarters of organic food in Britain is not local but imported to meet growing demand. ”可知, 英国本地生产有机农产品, 但是约四分之三的有机农产品是从国外进口的。3. What is the meaning of the underlined words“the organic trend”in the second paragraph? A. Growing interest in organic food. B. Better quality of organic food. C. Rising market for organic food. D. Higher prices of organic food. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Gold is one of the growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend. . . ”可知, 越来越多的人购买有机农产品, 结果成了一种潮流。4. What is the best title for this news story? A. Organic foodhealthy, or just for the wealthy? B. The making of organic food in BritainC. Organic foodto import or not? D. Good qualities of organic food【解析】选A。主旨大意题。综观全文可知, 有机农产品不用农药, 更环保, 更健康。在英国, 约四分之三的有机农产品是从国外进口的, 价格稍高一点, 但是购买的人还是越来越多。BFor some years the big drugmakers have been worrying about an approaching“patent cliff”a fall in sales as the patents on their most popular pills expire or are struck down by legal challenges, with few new potential blockbusters to take their place. This week the patent on the best-selling drug in history expiredLipitor, an anti-cholesterol pill which earned Pfizer nearly $11 billion in revenues last year. In all, pill like Lipitor with a combined $170 billion in annual sales will go off-patent by the end of 2015. What is supposed to happen now is that lots of copycat firms rush in with“generic”(ie, chemically identical)versions of Lipitor at perhaps one-fifth of its price. Patients and health-care payers should reap the benefit. Pfizers revenues should suffer. The same story will be repeated many times, as other best-selling drugs march over the patent cliff. But generics makers may face delays getting their cheaper versions to market. Ranbaxy, a Japanese-owned drug maker, struggled to get regulators approval for its generic version of Lipitor, and only won it on the day the patent expired. More importantly, research-based drug firms are using a variety of tactics to make the patent cliff slope more gently. Jon Leibowitz, chairman of Americas Federal Trade Commission(FTC), is concerned by drugmakers filing additional patents on their products to put off the day when their protection expires. Another tactic(策略)is“pay-for-delay”, in which a drugmaker facing a legal challenge to its patent pays its would-be competitor to put off introducing its cheaper copy. In the year to October the FTC identified what it believes to be 28 such settlements. American and European regulators are looking into these deals. However, legal challenges against them have been delayed, and a bill to ban them is stuck in Congress. To encourage generics makers to challenge patents on drugs, and introduce cheaper copies, an American law passed in 1984 says that the first one to do so will get a 180-day exclusivity period, in which no other generics maker can sell versions of the drug in question, as Ranbaxy supposedly won with Lipitor. However, Pfizer is exploiting a loophole(空子)in the 1984 law, which lets it appoint a second, authorized copycatin this case, Watson, another American firm. According to Bernstein Research, under the deal between the two drugmakers Pfizer will receive about 70% of Watsons revenues from its approved copy of Lipitor. More unusual, Pfizer has cut the price of its original version, and will keep marketing it vigorously. So Ranbaxy faces not one, but two competitors. All this may raise Pfizers sales by nearly $500m in the last half of 2015 compared with what they would otherwise have been, says Tim Anderson of Bernstein Research, with revenues then falling after the 180 days are over. Others fear that Pfizers tactics, if copied, will make the 180-day exclusivity period worth far less, and thus discourage generic firms from challenging patents in the first place. 【语篇概述】本文主要讲述药品制造商所面临的销售危机和对此采取的一些措施。5. What is the tactic mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. Legal challenges against expired patents have been paid for putting off the cheaper copy. B. Bills to prohibit generic makers have been stuck in Congress. C. Drugmakers try to spend money delaying filing additional patents on popular pills. D. Patent-holders give possible competitors money to prevent more losses. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第四段第一句中的“would-be competitor”可知, 其与选项中的“would-be competitor”相一致。6. Pfizer exploit a loophole in the 1984 law mainly by_. A. marketing Lipitor more activelyB. making the price of Lipitor go upC. cooperating with Watson to beat RanbaxyD. encouraging Watson to produce cheaper copies【解析】选C。细节理解题。从倒数第二段最后一句“So Ranbaxy faces not one, but two competitors. ”可知, Pfizer所做的是为了跟屈臣氏联合打败Ranbaxy。7. How many tactics are adopted by patent-holders in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第三段最后一句和第四段第一句以及倒数第三段内容可知共运用了三个策略。8. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Drugmakers struggleB. Generic makers dilemmaC. Laws concerning patent protectionD. Popular pills of Pfizer【解析】选A。主旨大意题。第一段讲述了药品商的销售危机, 接下来讲述了药品商采取的一些策略。所以总体上来讲就是药品商之间的竞争。CThink about the different ways that people use wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources, as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills(风车)began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power. For many centuries, people used windmills to grind(磨碎)wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground. When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote(偏僻的)areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used. During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means high costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind. 【语篇概述】文章介绍风能发展的过程和用途, 并介绍全球已越来越多地使用风力发电, 因为它是清洁环保的能源。9. From the text we know that windmills_. A. were invented by Europeans armiesB. have a history of more than 2800 yearsC. used to supply power to electric lights in remote areasD. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的第二、三两句可知, 风车可以给偏僻的地方的无线电提供电力。10. What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century? A. Sailing a boat. B. Producing electricity. C. Grinding wheat into flour. D. Pumping water from underground. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知, 在19世纪末期, 风车可以用来发电。11. One of the reasons why wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that_. A. wind power is cleanerB. it is one of the oldest power sourcesC. it was cheaper to create energy from windD. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet ends【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知, 重新使用风能是因为它是清洁能源。12. What would the writer probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. The advantages of wind power. B. The design of wind power plants. C. The worldwide movement to save energy. D. The global trend(趋势)towards producing power from wind. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。第三段最后已提出现在全球已越来越多地使用风力发电, 所以下一段应该要进一步推广使用风力发电, 这是一种总体的能源发展趋势。语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Many books have been writing about“the art of giving”. But what about the art of receiving? 1. _(receive)a gift sometimes can be difficult, 2. _ (especial) when someone buys you a gift you dont want! “I remember when it was my twelfth birthday, my parents bought me 3. _ purple purse, ”laughed Angella. “It really made me feel 4. _(embarrass), because to be honest, I thought the purse was ugly! Still, I pretended that I liked it because I knew it would make my parents happy. ”Allan agrees, “That sounds like my grandparents! A few years ago, my grandparents gave me an orange sweater for my birthday. I 5. _(wear)it every time I visited them, but when I left their house, I took it off! Of course, this made me feel guilty. It was a very nice