087-2013年山西省中考物理试卷 试题及答案

试题： 2013灞辫涓鐗悊璇曢棰樺彿涓鏈垎绫/span鎬诲垎寰楀垎璇勫嵎浜/span寰楀垎涓鏈垎绫/span锛堟瘡绌猴紵 鍒嗭紝鍏憋紵 鍒嗭級1銆佷笅鍒楁暟鎹渶鎺繎瀹為檯鐨勬槸( )A锛庢暀瀹殑楂樼害6m B锛庡鐢數鍐扮姝父宸綔鐢垫祦绾span 10AC锛庢礂鐑按婢椂鐨勬按娓害42鈩/spanD锛庝腑瀛敓鍦綋娴嬩腑璺戝畬1000m鐢椂2min2銆佷笅鍒楁湁鍏冲鐜拌薄鐨勮娉曟纭殑鏄span ( )A锛庡彧瑕佺墿浣撴尟鍔汉浠氨鑳藉惉鍒板闊/spanB锛庡埄鐢秴澹版尝鍙互娴嬪嚭鍦扮悆绂绘湀鐞冪殑璺濈C锛庘闂诲叾澹帮紝鐭叾浜衡鏄牴鎹煶鑹叉潵杈埆鐨/spanD锛庡鏍懆鍥寸姝満鍔溅楦瑳鏄span 鍦紶鎾繃绋嬩腑鍑忓急鍣3銆佸浘1鏄唴鐕冩満鐨勬煇鍐茬宸綔绀烘剰鍥撅紝浠笅鏀瑰彉鍐呰兘鏂瑰紡涓庢鐩稿悓鐨勬槸( ) A锛庣儰鐏彇鏆span B锛庢悡鎵嬪彇鏆span C锛庡悜鎵嬧鍛垫皵鈥濆彇鏆span D锛庣敤鐑按琚嬪彇鏆/span4銆佸鍥span 2鎵锛屽皢楦泲涓嬬殑纭焊鐗囩敤鎵嬫寚绐佺劧寮瑰嚭锛屼笅鍒楁弿杩伴敊璇殑鏄span ( ) A锛庨浮铔嬩笅钀借繃绋嬩腑閲嶅姏鍔胯兘杞寲涓哄姩鑳span B锛庣焊鐗囬鍑鸿鏄庡姏鍙互鏀瑰彉鐗綋鐨勮繍鍔姸鎬/span C锛庡脊绾哥墖鏃舵墜鎸囨劅鍒扮柤璇存槑鍔涚殑浣滅敤鏄浉浜掔殑 D锛庨浮铔嬪彈鍒版儻鎬綔鐢惤鍏澂涓/span5銆佺敓娲讳腑璁稿鐗搧閮界敤鍒颁簡鐗悊鐭瘑锛屼笅鍒楀搴斿叧绯绘纭殑鏄span ( )6銆佷笅鍒楄瘝璇腑娑夊強鐨勫厜鐜拌薄涓庘灏忓瓟鎴愬儚鈥濆舰鎴愬師鍥犵浉鍚岀殑鏄細( ) A锛庡嚳澹佸伔鍏span B锛庢捣甯傝渻妤span c锛庣尨瀛愭崬鏈span D锛庢澂寮撹泧褰/span7銆佸皬鏄庡皬缁勫埄鐢鍥span 4鎵瑁呯疆鎺鈥滄潬鏉嗗钩琛潯浠垛鏃讹紝鍦潬鏉嗕袱渚寕涓婁笉鍚屼釜鏁扮殑閽爜锛岀鍔挬鐮佷娇鏉犳潌鍦按骞充綅缃钩琛紝杩欐牱涓夋瀹為獙鍚庡緱鍑虹粨璁猴細鍔姏脳鏀偣鍒板姩鍔涗綔鐢偣鐨勮窛绂span =闃诲姏脳鏀偣鍒伴樆鍔涗綔鐢偣鐨勮窛绂汇涓嬪垪鑳藉府鍔粬寰楀嚭姝缁撹鐨勬搷浣滄槸( ) A锛庡幓鎺変竴渚挬鐮侊紝鎹敤寮圭哀娴嬪姏璁珫鐩村悜涓嬫媺 B锛庡幓鎺変竴渚挬鐮侊紝鎹敤寮圭哀娴嬪姏璁枩鍚戜笅鎷span C锛庡幓鎺変竴渚挬鐮侊紝鎹敤寮圭哀娴嬪姏璁珫鐩村悜涓婃媺 D锛庡鍔犻挬鐮佷釜鏁帮紝鍐嶅娆疄楠屼娇缁撹鏇村叿鏅亶鎬/span8銆佷笌鍥span 5涓姩鍦堝紡璇濈瓛宸綔鍘熺悊鐩稿悓鐨勬槸( )9銆佸湪姘村钩妗岄潰涓婏紝鏈変袱涓浉鍚屽渾鏌卞舰瀹瑰櫒锛屽唴鐩涚浉绛夎川閲忕殑鐩愭按銆傚皢鍚屼竴楦泲鍒嗗埆鏀句汉鍏朵腑锛岄浮铔嬮潤姝椂濡傚浘7鎵銆傞浮铔嬪湪鐢层涔欎袱鏉腑鎵彈娴姏鍒嗗埆涓span F1鍜span F2锛岀洂姘村瀹瑰櫒搴曢儴鍘嬪己鍒嗗埆涓span p1鍜span p2锛屽垯( ) A锛span F1 F2 p1p2 B锛span F1= F2 p1p2 C锛span F1F1= F2 p1=p210銆佸浘8鏄煇绉嶁鍛兼皵寮忛厭绮炬祴璇曚华鈥濈殑鍘熺悊绠浘锛屽叾涓span R2涓哄畾鍊肩數闃伙紝R1鏄厭绮炬皵浣撲紶鎰熷櫒锛屽叾鐢甸樆闅忛厭绮炬皵浣撴祿搴澶鍑忓皬锛屽垯( )A锛庨厭绮炬祿搴秺楂橈紝鐢靛帇琛鏁拌秺澶/span B锛庨厭绮炬祿搴秺浣庯紝鐢垫祦琛鏁拌秺灏/span c锛庨厭绮炬祿搴秺楂橈紝鐢垫簮鐢靛帇涓庣數娴佽绀烘暟鐨勪箻绉秺灏/span D锛庨厭绮炬祿搴秺浣庯紝鐢靛帇琛笌鐢垫祦琛鏁版瘮鍊艰秺灏/span11銆佸皬鑺冲悓瀛珯鍦钩闈暅鍓span 2m澶勭収闀滃瓙锛屽鍚戝钩闈暅闈犺繎浜span 0.5m锛屽垯鍍忕濂圭殑璺濈涓 m锛屽儚鐨勫灏忓皢 銆span (濉鍙樺皬鈥濄鈥滃彉澶鎴栤涓嶅彉鈥span )12銆佸皢涓釜閾呮煴搴曢潰鍓婂钩銆span 鍓婂共鍑紝绱帇鍚庡畠浠绮樷鍦竴璧峰緢闅捐鎷夊紑锛屾槸鍥犱负 锛涘澶紝鑸斿垰浠庡啺绠遍噷鎷垮嚭鐨勯洩绯曟椂锛岃垖澶翠細琚绮樷浣忥紝杩欐槸姘寸殑鐜拌薄銆span (濉墿鎬佸彉鍖栧悕绉span )13銆佸浘9鏄杈藉畞鍙封鑸瘝鎸囨尌鍛樻鍦敤鈥滆蛋浣犫鐨勫姩浣滄寚鎸鏈鸿捣椋炵殑鎯呮櫙銆傞琛屽憳鐪嬪埌鎸囨尌鍛樺悜鍚庨鍘伙紝鏄互 涓哄弬鐓墿锛岄鏈u 椋span (濉椤衡鎴栤閫嗏)鏃舵洿瀹规槗璧烽銆/span14銆佸浘10鏄苯杞惎鍔缃數璺畝鍥撅紝褰撻挜鍖欐彃鍏挜鍖欏瓟骞惰浆鍔椂锛岀數纾侀搧寰楀埌纾佹锛屾鏃剁數纾侀搧涓婄涓u 鏋侊紝瑙偣B涓span C (濉鎺鈥濇垨鈥滄柇寮)锛屾苯杞惎鍔15銆佸浘11鐢叉槸灏忕伅娉span L鍜岀數闃span R鐨勭數娴侀殢鐢靛帇鍙樺寲鍥捐薄锛屽皢瀹冧滑鎸夊浘11涔欐墍绀烘帴浜虹數璺腑锛屽彧闂悎寮叧s锛屽皬鐏场鐨勫疄闄呭姛鐜囦负1w锛涘啀闂悎寮叧s1锛岀數娴佽绀烘暟鍙樺寲浜uA锛屾鏃剁數璺秷鑰楃殑鎬诲姛鐜囦负 W銆/span16銆佸浘12鏄秴寮虹鎮诞鐓墖锛屼笂闈槸鐢秴寮烘案纾佷綋鍒舵垚鐨勫渾鐗囷紝涓嬮潰鏄娑叉爱鍐峰嵈鐨勨楂樻俯鈥濊秴瀵间綋锛岃鍦浘涓婄敾鍑哄渾鐗囩殑鍙楀姏绀烘剰鍥俱17銆佹櫄涓婏紝灏忕孩鏉埌涔埧锛屽噯澶囧仛浣span 涓氾紝闂悎寮叧锛岀櫧鐐界伅鐬棿鍙戝厜鍚庣珛鍗崇唲鐏鐖哥埜鏀句笅鎵嬩腑姝湪娓呮礂鐨勮嫻鏋滐紝椹笂杩囨潵韪潃鏈嚦涓婂幓鐪嬩簡涓笅璇达細鈥滅伅涓濈儳鏂簡鈥鈥濓紝鐒跺悗鎷跨潃鐏彛杞昏交鎽囦簡鍑犱笅锛岀櫧鐐界伅鍙堥噸鏂板彂鍏変簡鈥(1)璇峰府灏忕孩鍒嗘瀽寮叧闂悎鐬棿鐏笣鏄撹鐑柇鐨勫師鍥犮(2)璇峰灏忕孩鐖哥埜鐨勬煇涓仛娉曡繘琛岀畝鍗曡瘎浠峰苟瑙噴銆/span18銆佸皬寮鸿瀵熷埌瀛牎鍦鍖栬矾闈椂锛屽伐浜哄笀鍌呯敤鎸姩鍣湪娣峰嚌鍦熶笂鏉洖鎸姩锛屼粬鎯宠繖鏍峰仛鍙兘鏄负浜嗗澶贩鍑濆湡鐨勫瘑搴紝浜庢槸浠栫敤澶钩銆侀噺绛掋缁嗘矙绛夊櫒鏉愬仛浜嗗涓嬪疄楠岋細 (1)浠栫敤璋冨鐨勫骞虫寜鍥span 13涓殑椤哄簭杩涜瀹為獙锛屾牴鎹浘涓暟鎹彲鐭亾锛岄噺绛掍腑缁嗘矙璐噺鏄ug锛屼綋绉槸 cm3銆傦紝缁嗘矙鐨勫瘑搴槸 kg锛span m3銆/span(2)鎺笅鏉粬灏嗛噺绛掑唴鐨勭粏娌u 骞舵姽骞筹紝鍙戠幇浣撶鍙樺皬锛岀敱姝垽鏂墍娴嬬粏娌欏瘑搴彉澶紝浠庤楠岃瘉浜嗕粬鐨勬兂娉曘19銆佸湪鈥滄帰绌舵按鐨勬哺鑵锯瀹為獙涓細 (1)瀹夎瀹為獙鍣潗鏃跺簲鎸夌収 (濉鑷笂鑰屼笅鈥濇垨鈥滆嚜涓嬭涓娾)鐨勯搴忚繘琛屻 (2)姘存哺鑵炬椂娓害璁鏁板鍥span 14涓墍绀猴紝涓u鈩冦鐢层涔欎袱缁勫悓瀛粯鍒跺嚭鐨勬俯搴殢鏃堕棿鍙樺寲鍥捐薄濡傚浘14涓墍绀猴紝璇曞垎鏋愪箼缁勫姞鐑嚦娌歌吘鏃堕棿杈冮暱鐨勫彲鑳藉師鍥锛span (涓潯鍗冲彲)銆/span (3)鐢茬粍鍚屽鎾幓閰掔簿鐏悗锛屽彂鐜版按鏈珛鍗冲仠姝哺鑵撅紝璇曞垎鏋愬叾鍘熷洜 (鍚堢悊鍗冲彲)銆/span20銆佸皬鏄庣粍鍦仛鈥滄帰绌跺嚫閫忔垚鍍忚寰嬧鐨勫疄楠屾椂锛屽疄楠岃缃鍥span 15鎵锛屽嚫閫忛暅鐒窛锛span f=5cm銆/span (1)鍏朵腑鏄庢樉闇璋冩暣鐨勫櫒鏉愭槸 銆/span (2)璋冩暣鍚庡皢铚儧鍚戝彸绉诲姩5em锛岃鍦厜灞忎笂寰楀埌娓呮櫚鐨勫儚锛屽簲灏嗗厜灞忓悜(濉宸鎴栤鍙斥)绉诲姩銆傜鍔悗灏忔槑瑙傚療鍒板厜灞忎笂鍛堢幇鍑虹儧鐒板绔u鐨勫疄鍍span (濉鏀惧鈥濄鈥滅缉灏忊鎴栤绛夊鈥span )銆/span (3)濡傛灉灏忔槑鍙栦笅鍏夊睆锛屼粠鍏夊睆鍘熸潵鐨勪綅缃瀵瑰嚫閫span 闀 (濉鑳解鎴栤涓嶈兘鈥span )鐪嬪埌鐑涚劙鐨勫儚銆/span21銆佸浘16鏄皬浼熺粍娴嬮噺鏍囨湁鈥span 2锛span 5V鈥濈殑灏忕伅娉數闃荤殑瀹炵墿杩炵嚎鍥俱(宸茬煡婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣渶澶樆鍊间负R0) (1)璇风敤閾呯瑪鐢荤嚎浠浛瀵肩嚎灏嗙數璺鍏呭畬鏁淬 (2)灏忎紵妫煡鐢佃矾杩炴帴鏃犺鍚庯紝闂悎寮叧锛屽彂鐜板皬鐏场涓嶄寒锛岀珛鍗充妇鎵嬭姹傝甯堟洿鎹伅娉杩欑鍋氭硶 (濉濡綋鈥濇垨鈥滀笉濡綋鈥span )銆傜粡鍚岀粍鎴愬憳鎻愮杩樺彂鐜扮數鍘嬭鏃犵鏁扮數娴佽鏈夌鏁帮紟鍒欑伅娉笉浜殑鍘熷洜鍙兘鏄u 锛氶棶棰樿鍐冲悗锛屽皬浼熻皟鑺傛粦鍔彉闃诲櫒锛屼娇灏忕伅娉甯稿伐浣滐紝鐢垫祦琛鏁板鍥span 17鎵锛屽垯灏忕伅娉鏃剁殑鐢甸樆涓u 惟銆/span(3)瀹屾垚瀹為獙鍚庯紝灏忎紵鎯崇敤鍘熺數璺祴鏌愪竴瀹氬鐢甸樆Rx鐨勯樆鍊硷紝浠栫敤璇數闃绘浛鎹伅娉悗锛屽彂鐜扮數鍘嬭鎹熷潖浜嗭紝渚垮皢鍏舵媶闄璇蜂綘鍦笉鏀瑰彉鍏朵粬鍏冧欢杩炴帴鐨勬柟寮忎笅锛屽府浠栧畬鎴愬疄楠屻瀹為獙姝锛span A锛u B锛u 琛揪寮忥細 (鐢墍娴嬬墿鐞嗛噺绗彿琛)22銆佸懆鏈紝灏忔晱鍒颁埂涓嬪府鐖风埛鎽樿嫻鏋滐紝鐪嬭涓彧鐔熼鐨勮嫻鏋滄帀涓嬫潵銆傚皬鏁忓杩欎釜鐜拌薄浜敓浜嗘祿鍘氱殑鍏磋叮锛屾彁鍑轰簡濡備笅涓釜鐚滄兂锛/span 鐚滄兂涓細鑻规灉鐨勪笅钀藉揩鎱槸鍚笌鑻规灉鐨勮川閲忔湁鍏span ? 鐚滄兂浜岋細鑻规灉涓嬭惤鐨勯珮搴笌涓嬭惤鐨勬椂闂村瓨鍦潃鎬庢牱鐨勫叧绯span ? 浜庢槸浠栨壘鏉竴浜涘櫒鏉愶紝鍦拷鐣姘旈樆鍔涚殑鎯呭喌涓嬭繘琛屽疄楠屻 (1)灏忔晱鍦帰绌垛鐚滄兂涓鏃讹紝搴旀帶鍒惰嫻鏋滅殑 涓嶅彉锛岃鑻规灉鐨u 鏀瑰彉锛/span姣旇緝鑻规灉涓嬭惤鏃堕棿鐨勯暱鐭 (2)灏忔晱鍦帰绌垛鐚滄兂浜屸鏃讹紝娴嬮噺鍑哄悓涓釜鑻规灉鍦笉鍚岄珮搴span 銆傘鐭楋細銆span 锛屸鈥笅钀芥椂鎵搴旀椂闂翠负t1锛span t2锛span t3锛屸鈥紝骞剁粯鍑span h-t鍥捐薄濡傚浘18鎵銆備粬缁撳悎鏁板涓婂杩囩殑鈥滀簩娆嚱鏁扳鐭瘑鐚滄兂锛氣鐗綋涓嬭惤鐨勯珮搴彲鑳戒笌涓嬭惤鏃堕棿鐨勫钩鏂规垚姝瘮鈥濄鑻楠岃瘉杩欎竴鐚滄兂锛/span搴斿浣曞鐞嗗垎鏋愬疄楠屾暟鎹span ?鏂规硶锛u 23銆span 鈥滀腑鍥藉北瑗匡紝鏅嬪杽鏅嬬編鈥濄涓轰簡鍊缁胯壊鍑鸿锛岀渷鍩庡鍘熸姇鏀句簡澶噺鐨勫叕鍏辫嚜琛岃溅銆傚皬鏄庡湪姘村钩璺潰涓婇獞琛屾椂锛屼汉涓庤溅鎬昏川閲忕害銆span 70kg锛屾瘡涓疆鑳庝笌鍦伴潰鎺闈绾负100cm2銆span (g=10N锛span kg) (1)姝椂鑷杞鍦伴潰鐨勫帇寮烘槸澶氬皯? (2)鑻皬鏄庝互5m锛span s鐨勯搴寑閫熼獞琛span 5min锛屾墍鍙楅樆鍔涙槸鎬婚噸鍔涚殑0.06鍊嶏紝姹傚嚭灏忔槑鍏嬫湇闃诲姏鍋氬姛鐨勫姛鐜囥 (3)鍦嚜琛岃溅鐨勬瀯閫犲拰浣跨敤涓婂埄鐢簡寰堝鐗悊鐭瘑锛岃鍐欏嚭鍏朵腑涓偣銆/span 24銆佺數鍘嬪姏閿呮槸涓鏂板瀷瀹剁敤鐢靛櫒锛岄泦楂樺帇閿呬笌鐢甸閿呬紭鐐逛簬涓綋锛屾棦瀹夊叏鍙堢幆淇濄鍥span 20鏄煇鍨嬪彿鐢靛帇鍔涢攨宸綔鐢佃矾绠浘锛屽彸琛槸鍏堕儴鍒嗗弬鏁般鍏朵腑R锛屾槸涓诲姞鐑櫒锛span R锛氭槸淇濆帇鍔犵儹鍣 鎺鐢佃矾鍚庯紝寮叧s鑷姩涓庤鐐光叀銆span 6鎺锛屽紑濮嬪姞鐑褰span 閿呭唴娓害杈惧埌105C鏃讹紝寮叧S鑷姩涓span 0銆span 6鏂紑锛屽苟涓庤鐐span c鎺锛span 寮淇濆帇锛屾鏃堕攨鍐呮按娓笉鍙橈紝涓旀湭娌歌吘銆傜幇灏span 3L鍒濇俯涓span 25鈩冪殑姘span 鍔犲叆鍘嬪姏閿呬腑锛屾帴閫氱數璺娇鍏舵甯稿伐浣span 30min銆傚凡鐭秷鑰楃殑鐢佃兘鏈span 90锛呰鏈夋晥鍒敤锛屾按鐨勬瘮鐑涓span 4锛span 2脳10銆span J锛span (kg路鈩span )銆傛眰锛/span (1)鐢靛帇鍔涢攨鍦姞鐑姸鎬佹椂鐨勭數娴併 (2)鐢靛帇鍔涢攨澶氬皯绉掑悗寮淇濆帇? (3)鐢靛帇鍔涢攨鍦30min鍐呮秷鑰楃殑鐢佃兘銆鍙傝绛旀涓鏈垎绫/span1銆span C 2銆span C 3銆span B 4銆span D 5銆sp