中西文化对比-成语和谚语.ppt

Beforeastudentgetsthehangofhowtouseidiomsandproverbs he llmakealotofmistakes Somemistakeswillcausepeopletoholdtheirsideswithlaughter butthatshouldn tputhiminastew Heshouldlearntoputupwithsuchthings Youmightsayifyouwanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell that spartofthegame 在熟知这些成语的用法前 很多人一定会犯不少错误 有些错误会使人发笑 但不必着急 对这种事要有耐性 可以说 学好外语 就得这样 lookout 东西 吃软不吃硬 bullytheweakbutyieldtoonewhofightsback tobeopentopersuasion butnottocoercion 布衣素食 wearcottonclothesandeatvegetablefood coarseclothesandsimplefare getthehangof holdone ssideswithlaughter putsomeoneinastew putupwithsomething partofthegame 事情就是这样 忍受 某事 使某人烦恼 为难 着急 捧腹大笑 熟悉 得知 Chapter2IdiomsandProverbs Whatareidiomsandproverbs Chinesemeaning 成语和谚语 InChinese 四字成语 InEnglish setphrases idiom agroupofwordsinafixedorderhavingaparticularmeaning whichisdifferentfromthemeaningsofeachwordunderstoodonitsownandmustbelearntasawholeunit proverb shortwell knownsayingthatstatesageneraltruthorgivesadvice Theyarewell knownsetphrasesorshortsentences expressingsupposedtruth wisdomormorallessons Theyarespecialinstructurewhichsometimesmakestheminexplicablelogicallyorgrammatically Theycanreflectvividlyanation sgeography history itspeople slifeexperience socialviews thinkingandconceptsaswellasliterature Similarity A Humanexperiencesandobservations andevenhistoryareinmanyaspectssimilar whichmakestheexpressionsandtheirmeaningssimilar Strikewhiletheironishot Manyhandsmakelightwork Hastemakeswaste Outofsight outofmind 眼不见 心不烦 欲速则不达 人多好办事 趁热打铁 Lookbeforeyouleap 三思而后行 Morehaste lessspeed Birdsofafeatherflocktogether 物以类聚 人以群分 Thingsofakindcometogether peopleofamindfallintothesamegroup Likeattractslike Hemostliveswhothinksmost feelsthenoblestandactsthebest Putnotyourhandbetweenthebarkandthetree 思想深刻 情感高尚 品行端正者活的最好 别人家中事 最好别插手 不要多管闲事 Pridegoesbeforeafall 骄兵必败 Lifeisnotabedofroses 生活并不总是充满鲜花 Twoofatradeneveragree 同行多嫉妒 It snotthebeardthatmakesthephilosopher 有志不在年高 Preventionisbetterthancure Givehimaninchandhe lltakeamile Longhairandshortwit Allgoodthingsmustcometoanend 天下没有不散的宴席 头发长 见识短 得寸进尺 预防胜过治疗 Fireprovesgold adversityprovesmen Liveandlearn 烈火显真金 逆境识英雄 活到老 学到老 Bloodisthickerthanwater Wallhasears 血浓于水 隔墙有耳 Goldenwordsoffendtheears 忠言逆耳 Ifyouwouldnotbeknowntodoanything neverdoit 若要人不知 除非己莫为 Inunityhereisstrength 团结就是力量 Timeismoney 时间就是金钱 Hewhosebellyisfullbelievesnothimwhoisfasting 饱汉不知饿汉饥 Easiersaidthandone It s easiertosaythantodo 说时容易做时难 Idlenessistherootofallevil 懒惰是万恶之源 Brevityisthesoulofwit 简洁是智慧的精髓 Practicemakesperfect 熟能生巧 Hewhohasnottastedbitterknowsnotwhatsweetis 吃得苦中苦 方知甜上甜 Goodluckwouldnevercomeinpairs 福不双至 B InEnglish someidiomsandproverbsareborrowedfromotherlanguagesanditisthesamewithChinese 1 EnglishborrowedfromChinese toloseone sface丢面子 papertiger纸老虎 tosaveone sface保面子 2 ChineseborrowedfromEnglish aneyeforaneye atoothforatooth以眼还眼 以牙还牙 armedtotheteeth武装到牙齿 awolfinthesheep sclothing披着羊皮的狼 turnoveranewleaf揭开新的一页 Theeyeisthewindowofthemind 眼睛是心灵的窗户 C Similarsources Fromreligiousworks Olivebranch Bible Genesis scapegoat Bible Leviticus eyeforeye toothfortooth OldTestament Exodus 现身说法 放下屠刀 立地成佛 五体投地 Fromlegendandmythology Pandora sBox GreekMythology Achilles Heel 开天辟地 精卫填海 Fromfable Awolfinsheep sclothing sourGrapes 狐假虎威 Fromhistoricaleventsandstories Meetone sWaterloo 项庄舞剑 意在沛公 鞠躬尽瘁 死而后已 水落石出 totalkhorse Dissimilarity A Similarinmeaningbutdifferentinmetaphor tobreakabutterflyonthewheel aratinhole 瓮中之鳖 likeadrownedrat tolookforaneedleinthehay tofishintheair 像只落汤鸡 吹牛 大海捞针 水底捞月 杀鸡用牛刀 小题大做 tobeataroundthebush 旁敲侧击 转弯抹角 tokick hitamanwhenheisdown Anidleyouth aneedy 贫困的 age onceinabluemoon tocryupwineandsellvinegar totreaduponeggs diamondcutdiamond Justicehaslongarms Theburntchilddreadsthefire 千载难逢 挂羊头 卖狗肉 如履薄冰 棋逢对手 落井下石 天网恢恢 疏而不漏 一遭被蛇咬 十年怕井绳 少壮不努力 老大徒伤悲 Manyheadsarebetterthanone Theproofofthepudding 梨isintheeating 三个臭皮匠 顶个诸葛亮 空谈不如实践 Betterbetheheadofadogthanthetailofalion 宁做鸡头 不做凤尾 Theearlybirdcatchestheworm 早起的鸟儿有虫吃 Theforemostdogcatchesthehare 捷足先登 先下手为强 Clumsybirdshavetostartearly 笨鸟先飞 Everypotterpraiseshisownpot 老王卖瓜 自卖自夸 toblowone sownhorn trumpet自吹自擂 Thefoxpreysfarthestfromhome 兔子不吃窝边草 Oneswallowdoesnotmakeasummer 一花独放不是春 Onedropofpoisoninfectsthewholetonofwine 一颗老鼠屎坏了一锅粥 Setafoxtokeepone sgeese 引狼入室 Whatdoyouexpectfromapigbutagrunt 狗嘴里吐不出象牙 Hethatcomesofahenmustscrape 老鼠的儿子会打洞 Whenthecat saway themicewillplay 山中无老虎 猴子称大王 Giveadogabadnameandhanghim 欲加之罪 何患无词 Loveme lovemydog 爱屋及乌 Everydoghashisday 瓦片也有翻身日 人人都有得意时 Theleopardcanneverchangeitsspot 本性难移 Alittlepotissoonhot 壶小易热 量小易怒 Letbeggarsmatchwithbeggars 门当户对 龙配龙 凤配风 Don tputthecartbeforethehorse 勿本末倒置 Finefeathersdonotmakefinebirds 人不可貌相 Killtwobirdswithonestone 一石击二鸟 一箭双雕 EverydayisnotSunday 好境不长 Faithwillmovemountains 精诚所至 金石为开 Barkingdogsdonotbite 嘴狠手软 刀子嘴豆腐心 Anewbroomsweepsclean 新官上任三把火 Onecannotmakeasilkpurseoutofasow sear 巧妇难为无米之炊 Whatweloseinhakeweshallhaveinherring 失之东隅 收之桑榆 Beautifulflowersaresoonpicked 红颜多薄命 Asyoumakeyourbed soyoumustlieonit 自作自受 作茧自缚 Arollingstonegathersnomoss 滚石不生苔 转业不聚财 Talkofthedevil andhe ssuretoappear Speakofangels andyouwillheartheirwings 说曹操 曹操到 B Similarinmeaningbutdifferentinexpression Sinkorswim 自作自受 Whospitsagainstheaven itfallsinhisface 知足者常乐 Enoughisasgoodasafeast 宁可信其有 不可信其无 Bettertobesurethansorry 失之毫厘 谬以千里 Amissisasgoodasamile 机不可失 Opportunityseldomknockstwice 博而不专 Jackofalltrades masterofnone 不吃苦中苦 难得人上人 Hethathadnocrossdeservesnocrown 不进则退 Romewasnotbuiltinaday 冰冻三尺非一日之寒 Wherethere ssmokethere sfire 无风不起浪 Topayhimbackinhisowncoin Anunfortunatemanwouldbedrownedinatea cup 人倒霉喝凉水都塞牙 Ittakestwotomakeaquarrel 一个巴掌拍不响 Failuresarethepillarsofsuccess 失败是成功之母 Truthneedsnotmanywords 有理不在声高 以其人之道 还治其人之身 C Someidiomsandproverbsarecommoninonelanguagebutcompletelyabsentintheother 1 InEnglish tomeetone sWaterloo GoDutch 各人自己付钱 Thelaststrawbentthecamel 超出忍耐的极限 忍无可忍 Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway 多吃苹果少得病 keepone sfingerscrossed 希望好运 祈求吉利 bebornwithasilverspooninone smouth 生在富贵人家 pullthewooloversomeone seyes 蒙骗某人 putone sfootinone smouth 说错话 做错事 遭到惨败 2 InChinese Neitheradjustyourshoeinamelonpatch noryourhatunderaplum tree topreventfrombeingconsideredathief well thought outplan idea 胸有成竹 盲人瞎马 Ablindmanonablindhorse rushingheadlongtodisaster Eventhedogswaggerwhenitsmasterwinsfavor 一人得道 鸡犬升天 Courtdoormayopen butnottothepoor 衙门自古朝南开 有理无钱莫进来 瓜田不纳履 李下不整冠 InChinese thereisaspecialexpressioncalled thetwo partsaying Itisformedbyashortstatementandatagphrasetogiveafurtherexplanationorcommentthatbringsoutthewitorhumor Thetwo partsayingdoesnotexistinEnglish theEightImmortalscrossthesea eachdisplayinghisspecialprowess peopledoingthesamejob buteachinhisownspecialway anddoingitwell 茶壶里煮饺子 倒不出来 boilingdumplingsinateapot nowaytogetthemout haveideasbutcan texpressthemorally 八仙过海 各显神通 狗拿耗子 多管闲事 Adogcatchingamouse pokingone snoseintootherpeople sbusiness 鸡蛋里挑骨头 故意找错 Pickingbonesfromeggs findingfaultdeliberately 猫哭老鼠 假慈悲 Acatcryingoveramouse smisfortune fakemercy 门缝里瞅人 把人看扁了 Gazingatsomeonefrombehindaslightlyopeneddoor takinganarrowviewofaperson 泥菩萨过河 自身难保 AclayBuddhacrossingastream hardlyabletosavehimself 竹篮打水 一场空 千里送鹅毛 礼轻情意重 Travelathousandmilestobestowagoosefeather asmallgiftbutatokenofprofoundfriendship 铁打的公鸡 一毛不拔 Anironrooster notafeathercanbepulledout skinflint 兔子的尾巴 长不了 Ahare stail cannotbe lastlong 外甥打灯笼 照旧 舅 Thenephewholdsalanternforhisuncle thingsstayunchanged 哑巴吃黄连 有苦说不出 Adumbpersontastingbitterherb unabletoexpressbitterfeelings Drawingwaterwithabamboobasket drawwaterinasieve achievingnothing D Someexpressionsseemtobeequivalentinmeaningonthesurfaceandsomearedifficulttounderstandbecausetheirliteralmeaningsoundsstrangetoaforeigner tohavewordswithsb Ittakestwotomakeaquarrel Amissisasgoodasamile toquarrelortohaveanangrydiscussionwithsb 和某人说话 和某人吵架 争吵 Ittakesmorethanonepersontoachieveanythingsignificant 一个巴掌拍不响 InChinese itisawarning inEnglish itmerelystateafact oraphilosophicattitude 失之毫厘 谬以千里 toeat swallowone swords 自食其言 收回前言 承认错了见ppt27 gildingthelily Thepotcallsthekettleblack 直译 给百合花贴金 spoilingsth whichisalreadyfineorgoodbyaddingsth inattempttomakeitbetter 直译 锅笑壶黑 五十步笑一百步 Onetriestoaccuseanotheroffaultssimilartothosecommittedbyhimself addingsth tomakeagoodthingevenbetter Twohavemistakesbutonehaslessthananother 锦上添花 画蛇添足 乌鸦笑猪黑 e g Sheaccusedusofbeingextravagant talkaboutthepotcallingthekettleblack togetakickoutof from doing something toblowone sownhorn