2008年高考英语第二轮复习经典语法讲解及试题集 (09)—情态动词.doc

2008年高考英语第二轮复习经典语法讲解及试题集 （09）情态动词一、情态动词的特点:1.没有人称和数的变化。2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化:e.g. will would , can could , may might , dare dared二、情态动词的否定式: 情态动词+ not +动词原形can not: cant , must not: mustnt , need not : neednt三、情态动词的用法及相互区别, 是考试的内容之一。1. can , be able to be able to 表示经过努力后, 能够做到; be able to 有多种形式的变化。can 1). 表示体力或脑力方面的能力; 2). 表示允许、可能性。could 是can的过去式, 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性 ; 用于疑问句表示委婉地提出问题。1) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. (NMET 97 )A. had toB. wouldC. couldD. was able to 2) -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. (NMET99)A. I mustntB. I cantC. I needntD. I wont 2.may 表示询问或说明一件事可不可做; 表示某事有可能发生。might是may的过去式; 用在疑问中比may委婉、客气。1) -May I take this book out of the reading-room?-No, you mustnt. ( Yes, you may.)2) -Might I make a suggestion? -Yes, you may.3. must 1). 表示必须要做的事: 必须 2) 表示很有把握的推断: 一定, 准是。have (has)to : have (has)got to 必须, 不得不。过去式: had to3) -Must I get to the station before three oclock?-Yes, you must. ( No, you neednt. )4) Im afraid you will have to wait a while.5) She must be in the classroom now.6) Mary _ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago. (NMET 94)A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. may not4. shall 1) 在疑问句中, 用于第一、三人称表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。2) 用于二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的 命令、警告、允诺等概念。1) - Shall I place an order with you now? -No, you neednt. -Shall he turn down the radio a bit? -Yes, please.(No, please dont.)2) You shall have the English book as soon as I finish it.3) Everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.4) Your brother seldom comes to see you, _?A. does heB. doesnt heC. will heD. isnt he5) Its a fine day. Lets go fishing, _?A. wont we B. will we C. dont we D. shall we5. should 应该 ; 应当1) You should listen to the doctors advice.2) You should study the article carefully.6. will, would1) 在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问。用would语气更加婉转。2) will 表示现在的习惯性动作或状态; would 表示过去的习惯性动作或状态。3) will 用于各种人称, 表示 意志、意愿、决心、允诺; would 表示过去时间的 意志、意愿、.。(1) Dont smoke in the meeting room, _ you? A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you-Will you come with me? -Yes, I will.(I am sorry , I cant.)(2) -Would you tell us something about yourself? -Yes, I will.(3) - Its my birthday tomorrow. Dont forget to come to my party.- _ .A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent7. ought to 应该; 应当1) You oughtnt to smoke too much.2) She _ for what she has done.A. ought to praiseB. ought be praisedC. ought to have praisedD. ought to be praised8. dare 1. dare to come 2. dare come1) He dare not tell the truth. 2) He doesnt dare to come out at night.3) I dont know whether he _ try.A. dareB. needsC. wantsD. is allowed9. need 1). 作为情态动词:必须 2). 作为实义动词: 需要A.主语是人 need( to do something ; to be done by somebody) B. 主语是事物 need ( doing; to be done) 1) -Do they need to take any books with them?-No, they dont need to.2) -Need we buy any new equipment? -No, we neednt.3) This farm tool needs repairing. This farm tool needs to be repaired. 4) -Shall I tell John about it ?- No, you _ . Ive told him already.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt5) Its a fine day. You _ take a raincoat with you. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not情态动词 + 不定式的完成式是高考的考试要点1. can(could) + have + 过去分词2. cant (couldnt) + have + 过去分词 3. must + have + 过去分词 4. may (might) + have + 过去分词 5. neednt + have + 过去分词6. should (ought to) + have + 过去分词7. shouldnt (oughtnt to) + have + 过去分词1). Can (Could) they have completed their work so soon? 2) She cant (couldnt) have make a mistake.3) Since the ditch is full of water , it _ (rain) last night.4) He said that she might have misunderstood him.练习.情态动词1. She passed me in the street without speaking, she _ me.A. cant seeB. cant have seenC. shouldnt have seenD. shouldnt see2. -They were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. -It _ a comfortable journey.A. cant be B. shouldnt beC. mustnt have beenD. couldnt have been3. He _ you more help even though he was very busy.A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give4. She quickened her pace in order that she _ with the others.A. may catch upB. might catch upC. could have caught upD. might have caught up5. There was plenty of time, she _ .A. mustnt have hurriedB. couldnt have hurriedC. must not hurryD. neednt have hurried 6. I didnt hear the phone, I _ asleep.A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been 7. He was a good runner so he _ escape from the police.A. might B. succeeded C. would D. was able to8. We _ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study9. The young man has made so much noise that he _ not have been allowed to attend the concert.A. couldB. mustC. wouldD. should10. A solider got him out of danger. He _ hurt.A. may not B. can have got C. might have got D. might get11. -Could I use your pen? -Yes, of course you _ .A. mustB. couldC. canD. might12. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself.A. wont; cantB. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; mustD. cant ; shouldnt13. Sir, you _ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for this woman and children only.A. oughtnt to B. cant C. wont D. neednt 14. I _ tell her the truth.A. cannot help B. cant but C. may not help D. could but15. I have neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thats why I _ wait until the rain stops.A. mustB. shouldC. ought toD. have to16. A traffic accident happened yesterday and a driver _ .A. may hurt B. may be hurting C. may have been hurtD. may be hurt17. A dog ran in front of my mothers car and she _ stop very quickly.A. ought to B. had better C. must D. had to18. - I stayed at a hotel while in New York .-Oh , did you ? You _ with Barbara . (NMET98)A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed19. The plant is dead. I _ it more water.A. will give B. would have given C. must giveD. should have given20. A computer _ think for itself ; it must be told what to do.A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not 21. Its nearly seven o clock. Jack _ be here at any moment.A. mustB. need C. shoulD. can22. Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm.A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told23. -Alice, you feed the bird today, _ ?-But I fed it yesterday.A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you24. -Do you think I could borrow your dictionary? - _ . A. Yes, you may borrowB. Yes, you couldC. Yes, help yourselfD. Yes, go on25. I was really anxious about you . You _home without a word.(01高考题)A. mustnt leaveB. shouldnt have leftC. couldnt have leftD. neednt leaveKey:1-5 BDABD 6-10 BDCDC 11-15 CBABD 16-20 CDADA 21-25 CAACB 2006全国各省市高考试卷中的情态动词试题1 A(全国卷I）24. Theres no light on - they_ be at home.A. cantB. mustntC. needntD. shouldnt2 (全国卷2)10. We hope that as many people as-possible _ join us for the picnic tomorrow.A. need B. must C. should D. can3 (北京卷)25. - Whats the name?-Khulaifi. _ I spell that for you?A. Shall B. WouldC. Can D. Might4 (上海春)26. You know he is not going to let us leave early if we _ get the work done.A. cant B. may notC. shouldntD. mustnt5 (天津卷)11. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.A. neednt B. may notC. shouldnD. mustnt6 (四川卷)32. -Is Jack on duty today?-It _ be him. Its his turn tomorrow.A. mustnt B. wont C. cant D. neednt7 (江西卷)24The weather turned out to be fine yesterdayI _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with meAshould have taken Bcould have taken Cneednt have takenD. mustnt have taken8 (陕西卷)19.As you worked late yesterday, you _ have come this morning.A. maynt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt 9 (福建卷)27.If it were not for the fact that she _ sing, I would invi