一种分级超结构换热器网络综合优化方法及其应用.doc

一种分级超结构换热器网络综合优化方法及其应用温卿云1, 罗 行1, 姚平经2, 杨杉杉3(1. 上海理工大学 动力工程学院, 上海 200093; 2. 大连理工大学 化学工程学院, 大连 116012; 3. 同济大学 机械工程学院, 上海 200092)摘要: 对分级超结构换热器网络模型的温度计算得出了一种通用的精确解方法,同时得到了显式解析解,并以这一解析解为基础,设计了以遗传算法和模拟退火算法为主,结合最速下降法的混合遗传算法,此外还在算法中引进精英策略和结构变异策略. 应用实例的计算结果显示了这一混合遗传算法对于换热器网络的参数和结构都具有良好的搜索能力.关键词: 换热器网络; 综合优化; 遗传算法; 模拟退火算法Synthesis of heat exchanger networks with a stage-wise superstructure modelWEN Qing-yun1, LUO Xing1, YAO Ping-jing2, YANG Shan-shan3(1. College of Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; 2. College of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, China; 3. College of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)Abstract: A new analytical method was applied to a stage-wise superstructure model for the heat exchanger networks, by which the stream temperatures in the heat exchanger networks can be calculated explicitly and the constraints of mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model can be reduced dramatically. Based on the present analytical solution, a genetic algorithm coupled with simulated annealing algorithm and hill-climbing algorithm was developed. The elite strategy and structure mutation strategies were introduced in the algorithm, which enhance the structural search ability of the algorithm. Three examples from literatures were calculated with the proposed procedure, and the results show that the present hybrid genetic algorithm has a good ability for searching both parameters and structure.Key words: heat exchanger network; synthesis optimization; genetic algorithm; simulated annealing algorithm两足步行椅机器人的设计与研究曹 曦1, 赵群飞2, 马培荪1(1. 上海交通大学 机械与动力工程学院, 上海 200030; 2. 上海交通大学 电子信息与电气工程学院, 上海 200030)摘要: 介绍了一种两足步行椅机器人机械系统和控制系统的硬件设计,分析了载人两足机器人与一般两足机器人在安全性、载重量和干扰方面的不同. 并通过计算机仿真技术提高了设计的效率和可靠性,从而降低了系统级开发风险.关键词: 步行椅机器人; 步态; 两足机器人Design and study of a biped walking chair robotCAO Xi1, ZHAO Qun-fei2, MA Pei-sun1(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China; 2. School of Electronic, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China)Abstract: The mechanical and control system design of a new biped walking chair robot is introduced. To make system design more efficient and reliable, a lot of computer simulations are carried out.Key words: walking chair robot; gait; biped robot具有连续预防接种的双线性传染率SIQR流行病模型王贺桥, 周艳丽, 王美娟, 徐长永(上海理工大学 理学院, 上海 200093)摘要: 研究了一类具有预防接种免疫力的SIQR流行病模型全局稳定性. 找到了决定疾病绝灭和持续生存的阈值基本再生数s. 利用线性化和Liapunov-Lasalle不变集的方法,得到了各类评点的稳定性结论,揭示了染病期、隔离项和接种对疾病发展趋势的共同影响.关键词: 流行病模型; 基本再生数; 平衡点; 全局渐近稳定性SIQR epidemical model with continuous vaccinal immunity and bilinear incidence ratesWANG He-qiao, ZHOU Yan-li, WANG Mei-juan, XU Chang-yong(College of Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)Abstract: The global stability of SIQR epidemiological model with continuous vaccinal immunity and bilinear incidence rates is discussed. The reproduction number for the model is found, which determines the existence of the infective disease. By means of linearization and Liapunov-Lasalle invaicant set theorem, the stable results of various equilibriums are obtained. The joint influences of quarantine period, infected period, and vaccinal immunity on the disease are exposed.Key words: epidemical model; basic reproduction number; equilibrium; global stability钨酸铅晶体中掺杂阳离子的计算机模拟田东升, 张启仁, 刘廷禹, 陈 腾, 张秀彦(上海理工大学 理学院, 上海 200093)摘要: 用缺陷化学方法讨论了Nd3+、Th4+、Sb5+掺杂PbWO4(PWO)中可能存在的杂质缺陷模型,用GULP软件计算了不同杂质缺陷的生成能. 计算结果表明, Nd3+和Th4+将占据PWO晶体中周围的Pb位,对的电荷补偿抑制了PWO晶体中420nm吸收带. Sb5+在高浓度掺杂时将占据PWO晶体中周围的W位,并由于占据W位所呈现的一价负电性补偿的正电性,使孤立的铅空位增多,引起350nm吸收的减弱和420nm吸收的增强.关键词: PbWO4晶体; 掺杂机制; 缺陷簇模型; 模拟计算Computer simulation of cations doped lead tungstateTIAN Dong-sheng, ZHANG Qi-ren, LIU Ting-yu, CHEN Teng, ZHANG Xiu-yan(College of Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)Abstract: The positions of the impurity ions of Nd3+, Th4+, Sb5+ in PbWO4(PWO) crystal are simulated by computer technology. The corresponding defect clusters energy is calculated. The defect chemistry and the formation of the defect clusters are discussed. The mechanism of the doping effects of Nd3+, Th4+, Sb5+ are studied. The calculation results show that the Nd3+ and Th4+ would occupy the Pb sites near , and restrict the 420 nm absorption band by compensating the electronegative charges of . When the PWO is doped with high concentration, the Sb5+ would occupy the W sites near , make the capture two holes more easily to form the colour center of 420 nm absorption. The conclusions are detailedly discussed.Key words: PbWO4 crystal; mechanism of doping; models of defect clusters; simulation calculation填隙氧离子对钨酸铅晶体光学性质的影响及绿光起源的研究张秀彦, 张启仁, 刘廷禹, 陈 腾; 田东升(上海理工大学 理学院, 上海 200093)摘要: 应用GULP软件按照能量最低原理确定了钨酸铅(PWO)晶体中填隙氧离子的位置,再用CASTER软件计算了PWO晶体和含有填隙氧离子的PWO晶体的总态密度、分态密度和吸收光谱. 计算结果表明,填隙氧离子的存在不会造成PWO晶体可见光区的显著吸收; PWO晶体中的绿光中心可能起源于WO4+Oi.关键词: PWO晶体; 电子态密度; 填隙氧; 绿光中心Study on effect of the interstitial oxygen ion on the spectral properties of PWO crystal and the origin of green luminescence bandZHANG Xiu-yan, ZHANG Qi-ren, LIU Ting-yu, CHEN Teng, TIAN Dong-sheng(College of Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)Abstract: The electronic structures and absorption spectra of PWO crystals containing interstitial oxygen ion were calculated using code CASTEP based on density functional theory with lattice structure optimized. It is shown that: the interstitial oxygen ion in the perfect PWO crystal doesnt cause any absorption in the visible region; the green emission of lead tungstate origin is closely related to the interstitial oxygen ion, and probably originates from the center of WO4+Oi.Key words: PWO crystal; interstitial oxygen ion; green luminescence bandBoussinesq方程组的行波解研究李 红, 孙绍荣, 杨得前(上海理工大学 管理学院, 上海 200093)摘要: 运用动力系统定性理论,提出一种分析非线性系统解的方法. 并以Boussinesq方程为例,避免了求解的繁琐过程,得到解的几何特性. 分析结果表明,在一定参数条件下, Boussinesq方程的相图中存在孤波、扭结波以及周期波.关键词: 孤立行波解; 周期行波解; 波的光滑性; Boussinesq方程Study on bifurcations of traveling wave solutions of Boussinesq equationLI Hong, SUN Shao-rong, YANG De-qian(Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)Abstract: By using the qualitative theory of dynamical systems, a method is advanced to analyze the solutions of the non-linear systems. Appling this method to Boussinesq equations, the geometry shapes of the equation solutions are obtained, and the fussy process of solving equations is avoided. It is also found that under certain parametrical conditions, different phase portraits of Boussinesq equations exist, including bifurcations of solitary waves, kink waves and periodic waves.Key words: solitary traveling wave solution; periodic traveling wave solution; smoothness of waves; Boussinesq equations液体除湿空调系统的实验研究柳建华, 王 瑾, 邬志敏, 顾卫国, 张广丽(上海理工大学 动力工程学院, 上海 200093)摘要: 以实际液体除湿空调系统为对象,改变液体除湿空调系统中除湿器、再生器的输入空气、溶液的温度、湿度、流量、浓度等参数,研究输入参数变化对输出参数的影响. 在优化的系统运行参数条件下,改变供能热源温度,研究液体除湿空调系统整体运行时输出参数的变化和系统制冷量、耗能量及COP值的变化规律. 实验结果表明,当再生热源为90时,空调送风温度稳定在21,热力系数为0.6左右,基本能满足舒适性空调的送风要求.关键词: 液体除湿空调系统; 余热利用; 实验; 性能分析Experimental investigation on liquid desiccant air-conditioning systemLIU Jian-hua, WANG Jin, WU Zhi-ming, GU Wei-guo, ZHANG Guang-li(College of Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)Abstract: Based on the experimental research on the liquid desiccant air-conditioning system, the feasibility and economical efficiency of the system are studied when the parameters of temperature, humidity, flow amount, consistence etc. of the air and solution input into the dehumidifier and regenerator are changed. The results show that when the temperature of the re-generation is 90, the thermodynamic coefficient of the system is about 0.6, the supply air temperature of the air-conditioning system remains stable at 21, so that the air-conditioning system can meet the comfortable need of people.Key words: liquid desiccants air-conditioning system; waste energy applying; experiment; performance analysis喷雾制取天然气水合物过程的特性刘道平, 潘云仙, 周文铸, 胡汉华, 徐新亚, 杨群芳(上海理工大学 动力工程学院, 上海 200093)摘要: 考虑到水的雾化可以有效提高气-水接触面积,有助于提高水合物生产速率,设计和建造了一个半间歇式雾流强化水合物实验装置,用于探索和揭示喷雾强化天然气水合物制备过程的基本特性,包括制备水合物的形态特征,形成过程中参数的变化规律,以及系统初始压力和初始水温度对形成过程诱导时间的影响. 实验结果证明,在半间歇式反应器中,喷雾强化方式可以制取天然气水合物,并能有效地缩短水合物形成的诱导时间. 水合物的制备过程中,喷雾的启动会引起系统内部压力有短暂的升高.关键词: 天然气水合物; 喷雾; 实验研究Performance of natural gas hydrate production process in a batch reactor with water sprayingLIU Dao-ping, PAN Yun-xian, ZHOU Wen-zhu, HU Han-hua, XU Xin-ya, YANG Qun-fang(College of Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)Abstract: Considering the water spraying can effectively increase the contact area between gas and water and promote the hydrate production rate, a batch reactor with water spraying was built in order to experimentally investigate the forming performance of natural gas hydrate, the systems state parameters variation and its effect on induced time of initial pressure and water temperature. The results show that the natural gas hydrates can be produced in this way, and water spraying can effectively reduce the induced time of hydrate formation. During the reaction process, the beginning of water spraying can cause the system pressure to increase temporarily.Key words: natural gas hydrate; water spraying; experimental investigation气体再燃燃烧器喷口流动特性冷态实验研究周 托, 张忠孝, 乌晓江, 陶晓华, 陈 龙, 朱 明(上海理工大学 动力工程学院, 上海 200093)摘要: 以某350MW锅炉为原型建立冷态模拟试验台,研究气体再燃技术中再燃气体和炉内旋转气流的混合程度及气体再燃条件下实验炉内的空气动力场,并采用标准k-e 湍流模型对其进行了数值模拟. 结果表明,不同的再燃风速度对炉内的空气动力场有影响. 再燃风速度过小时,再燃风偏离射流轴线较早,不能射入炉膛旋转气流的中心部位;而当再燃风速度过大时,导致再燃风射穿炉内旋转气流. 以上两种情况均不能对炉内气流起到很好的覆盖效果,进而影响着再燃气体和炉内气体的混合程度.关键词: 锅炉; 气体再燃; 空气动力场; 数值模拟Study on flow characteristics of nozzle in gas-reburning burnerZHOU Tuo, ZHANG Zhong-xiao, WU Xiao-jiang, TAO Xiao-hua, CHEN Long, ZHU Ming(College of Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)Abstract: According to the prototypes of some 350 MW boilers, constant proportional cold mode experimental bench was established and mixability of reburning air and rotating gas in the furnace was mainly studied. The aerial dynamic field in analogue furnace was studied in terms of gas-reburning, and numerical simulation was made with standard k-e turbulence model. The results show different reburning air velocities have influenced on the aerial dynamic field. The lower the speed of reburning gas is, the earlier the reburning gas offsets the axis of jet stream, and cant rip into the center of the rotating gas in the furnace. On the other side, when the speed is excessively high, the reburning gas will shoot through the rotating gas in the furnace. Both things above will lead to the case that the furnace gas flow, cannot be covered and thus mixability of reburning air and gas in the furnace will be affected.Key words: boiler; gas-reburning; aerial dynamic field; numerical simulation求解度约束最小生成树的一种启发式方法廖飞雄, 马 良(上海理工大学 管理学院, 上海 200093)摘要: 针对网络设计和优化中度约束最小生成树问题,提出了一种基于贪心思想的启发式算法求解度约束最小生成树. 在最小生成树的基础上,将超过度约束的顶点降低度数使之满足度约束条件. 经大量数据测试并与其他算法进行比较,表明了该算法的有效性和通用性.关键词: 度约束; 生成树; 启发式算法Heuristic algorithm for degree-constrained minimum spanning treeLIAO Fei-xiong, MA Liang(Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)Abstract: For solving the problem of finding the degree-constrained minimum spanning tree (DCMST) in network design and optimization, a heuristic search method is proposed, in which based on minimum spanning tree, degrees of vertices over the constrained degrees are reduced to the required state. Series of numerical examples are tested and the results are compared with that of some other algorithms. Computational results show the effectiveness and generality of the method.Key words: degree-constrained; spanning tree; heuristic algorithm装卸工人调配问题新解法及其证明宁爱兵1, 熊小华2, 马 良1(1. 上海理工大学 管理学院, 上海 200093; 2. 上海第二工业大学 计算机学院, 上海 201209)摘要: 阐述了现代物流技术中装卸工人调配问题、装卸工问题、限制情况下装卸工问题及其数学模型,证明了装卸工人调配问题与限制情况下装卸工问题的数学模型是等价的. 通过分析装卸工人调配问题的数学性质得出该问题的一种新解法并给出其证明. 新解法给出了该问题的所有最优解.关键词: 装卸工人调配问题; 装卸工问题; 整数规划; 最优解New solution and its proof of the loader scheduling problemNING Ai-bing1, XIONG Xiao-hua2, MA Liang1(1. Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; 2. College of Computer Science and Technology, Shanghai Second Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China)Abstract: The loader scheduling problem, the loader problem, the restricted case of the loader problem and their mathematical models are introduced. A proof that the loader scheduling problem and the restricted case of the loader problem have the same optimal solutions is provided. The mathematical properties of the loader scheduling problem are analysed and all optimal solutions for the loader scheduling problem are presented.Key words: loader scheduling problem; loader problem; integer program; optimal solution人体脐带血单核细胞与冰晶间相互机械影响的研究肖 鑫, 陶乐仁, 习德成, 华泽钊(上海理工大学 动力工程学院, 上海 200093)摘要: 利用低温显微镜观察了脐带血单核细胞在降温过程中与冰晶间的相互机械作用,比较了在不同保护剂情况下有无静电场的降温过程中,冰晶形成和生长以及由此引起的机械作用的变化. 结果表明,在脐血中的细胞与冰晶间存在一定的机械作用,静电场的引入在一定程度上改变了冰晶的形成和生长特性,使其细化;不同的保护剂,由于其本身的化学机制不同,对冰晶的抑制影响也不同.关键词: 脐带血单核细胞; 机械作用; 低温保护剂; 静电场Microscopic study of the effect on the mechanical interactions between mononuclear cells of human cord blood and ice crystalsXIAO Xin, TAO Le-ren, XI De-cheng, HUA Ze-zhao(College of Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)Abstract: The mechanical interactions between mononuclear cells of human cord blood and ice crystals are tested with the cryo-microscope during freezing, under the condition of adhering different cryo-protective additives (CPA). The ice crystals formation and growth characteristics during freezing whether with an external static electric field or not are investigated so as to change the interaction manner between the cells and crystals. It is found that there exist certain mechanical interactions between the cells and crystals and the external static electric field may affect the formation and growth characteristics of ice crystals. It can make the crystals thinner to some extent. With different CPA, the restraining effect on the ice crystals is distinct due to the different chemical mechanisms.Key words: mononuclear cells of human cord blood; mechanical interaction; cryo-protective additive; static electric fieldPAC-MBR组合工艺处理城市污水厂出水的研究林红军1, 陆晓峰1, 王文浪2, 梁国明1, 高维珏1(1. 中国科学院 上海应用物理研究所, 上海 201800; 2. 哈尔滨工程大学 化工学院, 哈尔滨 150001)摘要: 采用平板式膜生物反应器(MBR)工艺处理城市污水处理厂的出水,考察投加粉末活性炭(PAC)对处理效果、膜污染和污泥特性的影响. 结果表明,系统在很低的有机负荷(MLSS可承受的TOC负荷为0.014kg/(kgd)下有机物去除率大于60%,-N去除率大于95%,浊度去除率约为92%,可维持30d左右. 平行实验显示,投加PAC极大地提高了系统对有机物的去除率,而对-N和浊度的去除无显著影响;投加PAC能有效减缓膜生物反应器中的膜污染,使膜污染缓慢发展阶段的历时时间延长了一倍多,并使膜过滤污泥的凝胶极化阻力和总阻力分别减小40.5%和17.4%;另外投加PAC改变了污泥特性,是使系统性能提高的主要原因.关键词: 活性炭; 膜生物反应器; 膜污染Treatment of effluent from wastewater treatment plant with PAC-MBR processLIN Hong-jun1, LU Xiao-feng1, WANG Wen-lang2, LIANG Guo-ming1, GAO Wei-jue1(1. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; 2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Harbin Enginering University, Harbin 150001, China)Abstract: A submerged-flat membrane bioreactor with powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition was used in secondary effluent treatment. The performance of this hybrid system, the effect of PAC on removal efficiency of pollutants, fouling of membrane and sludge characteristics were investigated. It is found that more than 60% TOC, 95% -N and 98% turbidity in influent are removed under condition of a low TOC loading 0.014 kg/(kgd). Parallel experiments show PAC increases organic removals significantly however has no visible influence on -N and turbidity removals. Meanwhile, at constant flux, the TMP (trans-membrane pressure) increasing rate of the membrane bioreactor system can be delayed by powdered activated carbon addition. Quantitative calculations show the polarization layer resistance and the total resistance of membrane are decreased about 40.5% and 17.4% respectively. Analyses were then made from various aspects such as sludge conformation, sludge viscosity and specific oxygen uptake rate to elucidate the major factors giving rise to performance of system.Key words: powdered activated carbon; membrane bioreactor; membrane fouling上海青浦城区西北片河网调水的数学模型构建与验证黄远东1, 孙亚男1, 陈林兴2, 孙建国2, 纪桂霞1(1. 上海理工大学 城市建设与环境工程学院, 上海 200093; 2. 上海市青浦区水利技术推广站, 上海 201707)摘要: 基于河道几何特征以及污染物对流、湍动扩散和混合稀释的不同机制,构建起模拟上海青浦城区西北片河网内污染物浓度时空分布的二维数学模型;采用两种不同的实际调水工况(先排后引和边引边排),对所建模型进行了验证计算. 结果表明,河网内各取样点的污染物浓度实测值与计算值都基本一致. 从而证明了所建模型具有工程适用性,可用于模拟上海青浦城区西北片的河网水质调节过程.关键词: 河网; 水质调节; 数学模型; 数值模拟Establishment and verification of mathematical model for improvement of water quality in a river network in the northwest part of Shanghais Qingpu urban areaHUANG Yuan-dong1, SUN Ya-nan1, CHEN Lin-xin2, SUN Jian-guo2, JI Gui-xia1(1. College of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; 2. Shanghais Qingpu Station for Development of Hydraulic Technology, Shanghai 201707, China)Abstract: Based on the principles of convection, turbulent diffusion and mixing of pollutants, a two dimensional mathematical model was developed for evaluating the temporal-spatial distribution of pollutants in a river network located in the northwest part of Shanghais Qingpu urban area. Two water transfer cases for water quality improvement were simulated with the mo