全文预览已结束
下载本文档
版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
The Three Gorges Project: A Brief IntroductionA Dream for Generations to Come TrueThe idea of building a gigantic dam in the Three Gorges area to harness the Yangtze River is not new. More than seventy year ago, Dr. Sun Yat-sen, pioneer of the Chinese democratic revolution, first proposed that a Yangtze Three Gorges Project be constructed. Later, numerous experts conducted investigations on and preparatory work for the project. But because of historic reasons and lack of resources, the development of the project remained only a dream. Since the founding of the People? Republic of China in 1949, the project was back on the agenda. After meticulous feasibility studies by experts, it was finally concluded that the merits of the project far overweigh its demerits. On April 3, 1992, the National People? Congress approved the construction of the project. The Three Gorges Project has its main benefits in flood control, power generation and navigation.Historically, the population in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River suffered tremendous losses from flooding both in human lives and property. In 1931 alone, as a result of flooding, 333 thousand hectares of cultivated land were stricken, 145 thousand people were drowned.Currently, 15 million people and 1.6 million hectares of land along the Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River are serious threatened by flooding. Once the project? reservoir with flood control storage of 22.1 billion cubic meters is completed; the project can raise flood control capacity from the present 10-year frequency to 100-year frequency.With its total installed capacity of 18,200 MW, the Three Gorges Hydropower Station will generate 84.7 billion KWH a year, one-ninth of the national total generated power.Thirdly, the project will enable 10,000-ton towboats to sail up-stream as far as Chongqing. The Yangtze? Navigation capacity will thus be increased from 10 million to 50 million tons a year with the cost lowered by 35%-37%.Problems to Be ResolvedThe project also presents daunting problems which should be properly handled and solved to avoid any possible undesired impacts. These include resettlement of population, environmental protection, fund raising, etc.About 1 million people will be relocated owing to the construction of the project. The government has attached great importance to the issue and decided to appropriate large sums of money for the resettlement program. The guiding principle of the program is that the life of the relocates can only be improved. For this purpose, the government has adopted development-oriented resettlement, in other words, to combine resettlement with local economic development. The relocates find higher-paying jobs in the newly set up businesses, which are usually located within the same country or city. Therefore, they feel quite at home and enjoy a better living in their new homes.There has been concern about possible negative impacts on the environment by the project both at home and abroad.This issue has been given very serious consideration and numerous measures have been taken to ensure environmental protection. For instance, the project construction will affect the habitats of Chinese river dolphin and Chinese sturgeon. So, the present protection areas and artificial breeding fields for them will be further perfected. It is not insignificant that the project will supply clean energy, replacing the burning of 50 million tons of raw coal annually. According to calculations, the discharge into the atmosphere of 100 million tons of carbon dioxide, 1.2-2 million tons of sulphur-dioxide, 10,000 tons of carbon monoxide, along with large amount of flying dust will be drastically reduced. 44 historical relics will be affected by the project construction and measures will be taken for their protection. For example, the White Crane Backbone, an ancient identification record of dry seasons in the history will be relocated. The Sibaozhai in Zhongxian County and the Quyuan Temple whose foundations are to be submerged will be well protected from water-logging.By the year 2009 when the project is completed, the total investment for the project will amount to US $28 billion. The funds for the project come from four sources: the Three Gorges Construction Funds, power revenues from the existing Gezhouba Hydropower Plant, power revenues from the Three Gorges Project starting from the year 2003 and loans and credits from the State Development Bank. In spite of the above sources, it is estimated that there exists a fund gap of $7.1 billion. This gap will be made up through domestic loans, export credits, overseas commercial loans and bond issuing, etc. As the project construction lasts 17 years and funding comes from multiple sources, fund raising does not present a difficult problem. The funding of the project has been smooth and no shortage of money has so far affected the progress of the project.Progress in the ProjectAfter the resolution on the Three Gorges Project was adopted in 1992, the State Council immediately started preparations for the project. On December 14, 1994, the Chinese government announced its formal commencement. The construction has proceeded smoothly since then. By the end of 1995, a total investment of 12.4 billion yuan ($ 1.55 billion) was made and 100 million cubic meters of earth and stone on excavation, 1.63 million cubic meters of concrete works
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 高血压四季养生篇-顺应自然规律
- 灌肠剂在手术前的特点及临床应用
- 2024届黑龙江省七台河市勃利县中考语文仿真试卷含解析
- 全球及中国弹簧卡箍行业市场发展分析及前景趋势与投资发展研究报告2024-2034版
- 内科护理(医学高级):护理学总论题库考点五
- 幼儿园2024年度教师培训制度
- 《电工电子技术#》形考-1-0002(浙江电大-课程号:3309016)参考资料
- 小学招聘体育教师考试模拟试题
- 2023-2024学年辽宁省大连市普兰店市第三中学高三第一次调研测试数学试卷含解析
- 吉林市四平市2024年高考数学四模试卷含解析
- 拘留所安全应急预案方案
- 产业链和价值链课件
- 轨道车管理规则
- 统编版语文四年级下册第六单元教材解读解读与集体备课课件
- DB37T 4672-2023 水利工程闸站无人值守运营规范
- 高中历史大概念教学研究
- 工程中途退场协议
- 中国马克思主义与当代思考题(附答案)
- 南山区2013秋季小学一年级学位申请表(样表)
- 法学-论留守儿童的监护问题
- 湖水生态修复工程项目可行性研究报告
评论
0/150
提交评论