贵州省思南县中学高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解精编（二）.doc

贵州思南县中学2017高考英语阅读理解一轮精编（二）【2016高考训练】阅读理解推理判断题。expensive perfumes(香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whale-sized secret.to perfect a particular smell, perfume-makers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales, called ambergris. but using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer, is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can sweet, joerg bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert, hes a plant biologist at the university of british columbia in canada. but his discovery of a new plant gene(基因) might push whales out of the perfume business.the gene comes from fir trees, found throughout north america and commonly used as christmas trees. the trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergrisbut with a catch.“theres a problem that many people wouldnt consider. in the tree, the chemical is mixed with many others. that makes separation a challenge,” bohlmann says.”its like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit.”this is where science becomes useful. when bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergris-like chemical, he decided to use his gene know-how to find the instructions for how to make the ambergris-substitute.bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesnt work in genetics: bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast(酵母) cells.yeast may sound familiar because its used to make things like bread, wine and beer. biologists like to work tith yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behavior. when bohlmann put the fir tree into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had seen produced by the tree.perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative, which means it holds a smell in place on a persons body.“cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything it gone.” explains bohlmann. “but expensive perfumes are much more stable. their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.”the new chemical, made from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too. and using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris.bohlmann admits he never thought hed get into the perfume business. but now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in mew perfumes.1. it can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, .a. its user probably supports whale huntingb. its smell will last for about an hourc. there will be a whale symbol on hourd. it is probably very expensive2. the underlined expression “with a catch” in paragrph 3 means .a. being difficult to hold b. having a hidden problemc. needing further testing d. being too similar3. according to the passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research?a. they can take on the characteristics of other genesb. they can reproduce much faster than other cells.c. they share some of the qualities of plant genes.d. theyre much cheaper to use than ambergris.4. what can we learn about joerg bohlmann from the passage?a. he is opposed to whale hunting.b. he made his discovery during christmas.c. he has worked in the perfume industry for many years.d. he has previously done genetic esearch.语篇解读 本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了一种使香水香味持久的物质龙涎香，因这一物质来自于鲸，所以遭到人们的反对。科学家们发现一些树中的化学物质可以用来取代它，他们利用酵母菌成功制造出了这些化学物质。1. d 推理判断题。 根据第二段第二句以及倒数第三段可知，含有龙涎香的香水价格昂贵，故d项正确。2. b 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“theres a problem that many people wouldnt consider.” 可知该词组意为”有隐含的问题“， 故选b项正确。3. a 细节理解题。根据第七段第二句可知，由于酵母菌容易吸收其他基因，并将目的基因成功表达出来，故常被用于基因工程研究中，故a项正确。4. d 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句及第三段表达的语境可知，joerg bohlmann 已经意识到，这些树中某些基因所产生的和其他物质可以被用于香水中以代替龙涎香，但是这些化学物质和其他物质混合在一起，难以分离，故可以断定，joerg bohlmann 曾经做过基因研究，故d项正确。【2014高考英语二模】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。italy is one country where beauty is prized more than any other virtue. that is, except in the small town of piobbico, the self-declared world capital of ugly people. the road sign at the edge of the town even warns visitors that they are entering the ugly zone. people who consider themselves ugly have been gathering in piobbico since the 1960s. thats when ugly club president telesforo lacobelli established a dating agency for women who believed they were too ugly to attract husbands. lacobelli believes that he is ugly himself because he has a short nose in a country where long or large noses have always been considered beautiful. people from around the world travel to piobbico to tell their sad stories of ugliness. during the annual festival of the ugly, which occurs on the first sunday of every september, hundreds of people gather in piobbicos town square to elect the president of the ugly club. lacobelli wins the election every year. the ugly club has over 20, 000 members. they carry id cards that grade their ugliness from bearable to extreme. a prize is awarded to ugly club members who qualify as extremely ugly. the ugly club president insists that ugliness is a virtue. since beautiful people get a lot of attention for their beauty alone, they have to work hard to prove their other virtues. ugly people, on the other hand, are genuine and do not have to prove anything to anybody, according to lacobelli. lacobelli is a spokesperson for ugly people everywhere. he believes that the uglier one is, the better life can be. though the club enjoys making fun of beauty, especially beauty contests, lacobelli has a serious side as well. he believes that too many people suffer from financial and emotional pressures because they dont meet societys standards of beauty. the fact that beautiful people are more successful in the workforce is a problem that lacobelli has attempted to bring forward to the italian public and government. 51. piobbico is rather special in that . a. it is a very small town b. it is home to ugly peoplec. it receives no visitors d. it is the capital of italy52. telesforo lacobelli started his dating agency about years ago. a. 20 b. 30 c. 40 d. 6053. why is lacobelli elected the president of the ugly club every year?a. because he is the ugliest person in the whole world. b. because his ugliness is always graded as bearable. c. because he is a spokesperson for ugly people everywhere. d. because he has won the members trust and admiration. 54. which of the following is true according to the passage?a. ugly people are most respected in italy. b. the festival of the ugly is held every two years. c. ugly people are unfairly treated in society. d. the uglier one is, the better life he or she lives.55. which of the following would be the best title for the passage?a. the ugly capital of the worldb. the ugliest person of the worldc. festival of the uglyd. beauty contests should be banned【参考答案】51-55bcdca 阅读理解。it is reported that conservation groups in north america have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. some groups believe wolves should be killed. other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness (荒野) for killing wolves in alaska，the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago，because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport. however1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their furso the wolf population has greatly increased. now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply a wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. people in the wilderness also hunt deer for foodmany of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant lifewhen the deer cant find enough food，they die if the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物)will disappear some dayand the wolves willtooso we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecologyif we killed more wolves，we would save them and their prey from dying outwed also save some farm animals in another northern state，wolves attack cows and chickens for foodfarmers want the government to send biologists to study the problemthey believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population against killing wolves if you had lived long ago，you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolfaccording to most stories，hungry wolves often kill people for foodeven today，the stories of the “big bad wolfwill not disappear but the fact is wolves are afraid of peopleand they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smellwhen wolves eat other animals，they usually kill the very youngor the sick and injured .the strongest survive .no kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had livedand has always been a law of nature. although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves，we say it is nonsense! researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balancethe wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life the real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by peopleeven if wilderness land is not used directly for human needsthe wolves cant always find enough food .so they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farmthen there is dangerthe “big bad wolf” has arrived! and everyone knows what happens next( ) 1. according to the passage，some people in north america favor killing wolves for all the following reasons excet that a. there are too many wolves b. they kill large numbers deerc. they attack cows and chickens for food d. they destroy the wilderness plant life选d根据文中小标题for killing wolves 第一段第三行“so the wolf population has increased”第三段第一句和第四段第一句话，可知选项d不是原因( ) 2. some people are against killing wolves because a. wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the widenessb. there is too small a wolf population in the wildernessc. there are too many deer in the wildernessd. wolves are afraid of people and never attack people选a小标题against killing wolves 中第三段最后一句( ) 3. according to those against killing wolves，when wolves eat other animals， a. they never eat strong and healthy onesb. they always go against the law of naturec. they might help this kind of animals survive in natured. they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness选c 小标题against killing wolves 中第二段最后两行可知强者生存，弱者淘汰是自然法则( ) 4. the last sentence “and everyone knows what happens next” implies that in such cases .a. farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped awayb. wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill themc. wolves will find enough food sources on farmsd. people will leave the areas where wolves can live选b 文中最后一段可知狼居住的地方被人类占据，它们就会跑到就近的农场等地吃人，那么人类就会反过来杀死它们。【2014高考英语二模】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。 in los angeles, drivers spend sixty-one hours every year stuck in traffic. these drivers know all too well how bad the traffic can be. therere too many cars, and you cant move around a lot. professor cyrus shahabi also knows about traffic jams. he lives more than 65 kilometers from his office at the university of southern califomia,in los angeles. he is always late even with the help of a navigation(导航) system. he decided to develop a programme called clearpath for that. he says his program uses historical data to predict traffic conditions even before the driver leaves the house. whats unique is that we use a lot of data thats currently become available including traffic data,weather data,and we analyze that so that we can predict whats going to happen in front of you when you leave home. professor shahabi says his system does more than just respond to current traffic conditions. with clearpath,he says,a driver can decide what time he wants to leave, and clearpath will give the fastest route. it looks at the entire road network, including surface streets as well as highways,before t