专题16 主谓一致教案.doc

中考复习专题十-主谓一致课题主谓一致教学目标知识：掌握主谓一致的语法一致、意义一致、就近一致的原则，以及不定代词和特殊名词做主语的用法能力：掌握主谓一致的语法一致、意义一致、就近一致的原则，以及不定代词和特殊名词做主语的用法重点、难点、考点重点：主谓一致原则中的就近一致难点：主谓一致原则中的就近一致考点：主谓一致原则中的就近一致教学策略1. 根据学生基础知识掌握的情况，有的放矢的对学生进行启发性、激励性的教学2. 讲练结合，有针对性的对学生在练习中存在的问题给予指导教学准备本课时教案，学生要准备的笔记本、听写本、红笔。教学过程设计教学过程设计新课导入复习以前学过的情态动词，并能说出他们的常见用法，并能导出这节课所讲内容（动词的分类）新知探究一、主谓一致的原则（一）意义一致：从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题。有时主语形式上为单数，但意义上却是复数，那么谓语依意义也用复数形式；而有时主语形式上为复数，但意义上却是单数，那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式（二）语法一致：主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致，主语是单数形式，谓语采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语采取复数形式（三）就近一致：谓语动词的人称和数与最近作主语的词语保持一致二、主谓一致的用法（一）and, both.and 连接名词或代词做主语1. 谓语一般用复数形式。如：Li Lei and Liu Mei are both interested in English. 李蕾和魏方都对英语感兴趣。He and she are good friends. 他跟她是好朋友。2. and 连接的两个成对的名词，如fork and knife, bread and butter；soda and water； coffee and water；aim and end；salt and water等，虽有and 连接，但仍表示单一的概念，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。如：Where is your fork and knife? 你的刀叉在哪儿？Is the bread and butter enough for you two? 你们两人吃这一点面包和黄油够了吗？3and 连接的两个名词若是指同一个人, 即： and前的名词前有冠词,而and后面的名词前没有冠词。谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。如：Im told that the monitor and League secretary is ill today. 班长兼团支书今天病了4and所连接的连个名词前分别有：every, each, no, many a等修饰时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如：Every boy and every girl enjoys themselves in the school.Many a teacher and many a student has spoken at the meeting.很多老师和学生发了言例：1. Spelling and pronunciation _ his main trouble.A. is B. are C. takes D. brings2. The League secretary and the monitor _ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.A.is B.was C.are D.is being3. The great writer and professor _.A. is an old man B. are both old menC. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese（二）就近原则1.there be句型例：4. Between the two rows of trees _ the teaching building.A.stand B.stands C. standing D.are2. 主语是：连接词or, eitheror, neithernor, whetheror, notbut, not onlybut also等连接的名词或代词时，谓语动词的形式须跟与之最接近的名词或代词决定。如：Neither he nor you are to blame. 他和你都不应该受责备。Is neither he nor you to blame? 他和你都不应该受责备吗 例：5. Leo, _no milk or eggs in the fridge. -Oh, Ill go and buy some right away.A.it isB.there isC.there are6. _ either of your parents come to see you recently?A. Have B. Had C. Has D. Is7. _ either he or I to attend the mass meeting this evening？ A. is B. am C. are D. be8. Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students.A.are B.am C.is D.was9. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _ good painters.,A.are; are B.am; am C.am; are D.is; is3. 主语是：介词with, without, except, but, besides, plus, as well as, along with, together with, rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to, in, out of等所连接的两个名词时，谓语动词的形式应与这些词前面的名词的数保持一致。如： The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.At the meeting, one in four is against the decision. 会上由四分之一的人反对这一决议。The teacher with his students is discussing a question. 老师和学生们在讨论问题 例：10. Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China.A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study11. Alice, together with two boys, _ for having broken the rule.A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished12. All but Dick _ in Class Three this term.A. are B. is C. was D. were13. No one except two students _ the meeting.A. has been late for B. have been late for C. was late for D. were late for4. 例：14. Each of the books _ a red cover.A. have B. has C. is D. are15. Every boy and every girl _ to attend the evening party.A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like5. 例：16. The Arabian Nights _ well known to the English.A. is B. are C. was D. were17. The Olympic Games _ held every _ years. A.is; four B.are; four C.is; five D.are; five6. 例：18. David has been away for more than 25 days.-I miss him very much. You know, 25 days _ short.A.isB.isnt C.areD.arent7. 主语是：who, what, which, all, more, most, some, any, none时，谓语动词的形式须依具体情况而定(1) Whos the girl over there? 那边的那个女孩是谁？(2) Who are the boys playing games there? 在那里做游戏的男孩子是哪些人？(3) Whats this? 这是什么？(4) What are those? 哪些是什么？(5) Which is yours? 哪一个是你的？(6) Which are childrens? 哪一些是孩子们的？8. 例：19. In our school library, there _ a number of books on science and the number of them _ growing larger and larger.A.is; are B.are; is C.have; is9. a lot of, lots of，百分比of +名词 注：kind of, type of, pair of+名词时，谓语动词的形式须依照kind, type, amount, pair, quantity的数而确定10. a + 名词单数 + or twoA worker or two is going to be sent to work abroad. 一两个工人将被派往国外去工作例：20. Half of the fruit _ bad.A. are B. has C. is D. have21. Sixty percent of the work _ been done.A. have B. is C. has D. are22. _ of the money _ given out.A. Three-fifth; has B. Three-fifth; has been C. Three-fifths; has D. Three-fifths; have23. Many a student _ the importance of learning a foreign language well.A. have realized B. has realized C. have been realized D. has been realized24. More than one member _ against the plan. A. is B.are C.has D.have11. 12. 13. 注：主语是means, works, sheep, fish, Japanese, Chinese等名词时，谓语动词的形式须依照它们在句中的意义来确定(1) Every means has been tried but we cant save him. 每一种方法我们都是用过了，但是我们还是救不了他。(2) All the means have been tried but we cant save him. 所有的方法我们都是用过了，但是我们还是救不了他例：25. The following _ some other examples.A. are B. is C. was D. were26. Mathematics _ the language of science.A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be27. Every means _ tried but without any result.A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been28. Chairman Mao s works _ published. A. has been B.have been C.was D.is29. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, _ to be built here. A. are B. were C. is D. will30. Plastics _ many other materials. A. has taken place of B. has taken the place ofC. are in place of D. is instead of14. 例：31. Your trousers _ dirty. You must have _ washed. A.is; is B.are; it C.are; them D.is; them32. This pair of trousers _ too long for him. A.is B.be C.are D.were15. one and a half + 名词复数做主语，即名词超过一，但不满二，谓语动词用单数形式One and a half oranges is enough for the baby. 这个孩子有一个半桔子就够了16. 17. 例：33. One and a half bananas _ left on the table. A.is B.are C.has D.have34. There is one of the most interesting questions that _ asked.A.have B.has C. have been D.has been35. He is the only one of die students who _ elected.A. are B.have C.has D.is18. 19. 注：1. 主语是the population时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如：(1) What is the population of your town? 你们镇的人口多少？(2) The population of America is a little over two hundred million. 美国人口数大约是两亿多一点。2.主语是“分数 + population”时，谓语动词常用第三人称复数形式。如：About eighty percent of the population in our country are farmers. 例：36. The police _ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching for B. were searching for C. are searching for D. were searching37. His family _ a big one. Now the family _ watching TV. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are38. The population of China _ larger than that of any other country in the world.A.is B.are C.has D.have39. Over 80 percent of the population of China _ peasants.A.was B.is C. would be D.are20. 例：40. The young _ the vital forces in our society.A. is B. has been C. are D. have been41. I dont think the poor _ poor.A. are always B. always are C. is always D. always is21. 主语是句子、短语（1）主语是非谓语动词短语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如：Reading is of much help for learning a language. 阅读对学语言很有帮助。To keep on doing morning exercises is good. (= It is good to keep on doing morning exercises. ) 坚持做早操很有好处。（2）主语是从句时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式，如：Why he was absent yesterday is being questioned. 他昨天为什么没来正在询问之中。Where we can get so much money is still a problem. 我们到哪里去弄这么多钱还是个问题。但what，who引导的从句做主语时，当指具体的东西或人时，谓语动词的形式必须根据具体的意思而定What I want are these things. （3）在强调句型“It + be + 被强调的部分 + that / who ”中，be总是用单数形式；that / who后的谓语动词的形式必须跟被强调的主语保持一致。如：It was Lin Tao who called you just now. 刚才给你打电话的就是林涛。It is you that are going to be invited to the party. 只有你将被邀请去参加聚会（4）定语从句中谓语动词的形式必须跟先行词的单、复数形式保持一致。如：The girl who is speaking on the stage is Zhang Lis sister. The children that are playing games over there are from Hunan. 注：在“one of + 名词复数 + 定语从句”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称复数形式，但当one前面有the, the very, the less, the only或形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式，如：Li Lei is one of the students who are good at English. 李蕾是英语学得好的学生之一。Alice is the only one of the girls that is from America. 艾利斯是唯一的一个来美国的女孩例：42. Climbing hills _ of great help to our health.A.was B.wereC.isD.are43. Early to bed and early to rise _ a good habit.A. are B. is C. were D. was44. What we need _ good textbooks.A.is B.are C.have D.has45. What you said just now _ the matter we are discussing.A.have something to at B. has something to do withC.had something to do with D.has been something to do with46. I, who _ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.A.am B.is C.are D.be47. She is the only one among the _ writers who _ stories for children.A. woman, writes B. women, write C. women, writes D. woman, write（三）注意事项 例：48. Everyone I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong.A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks49. All _ present and all _ going on well, our monitor said. A.is; is B.are; are C.are; is D.is; are50. Both rice and wheat _ grown in that country. A. is B. are C. was D. has 例：51. Three fourths of the bread _ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _ left on the table.A. was eaten, were B. were eaten, was C. were eaten, were D. was eaten, was52. The whole class _ the teacher attentively.A. are listening to B. is listening to C. are listening D. is listening clothes, compasses, goods, glasses, trousers, scissors, shoes, socks, gloves 例：53. Eight times eight _ sixty-four. A.is B.are C.get D.equal归纳小结通过这节课的学习能让学生掌握1. 了解动词的分类几个字的语法功能，注意动词的语法意义、词性变化、人称和数的一致，区分近义动词2. 能够正确运用各种动词及动词词组注：对于本节课学生掌握不到位的知识点，下节课会通过部分题目加强练习。课外练习附件1：学生能力提升课外训练题：一、稳健起跑（基础题）二、智慧加速（培优题）三、顶峰呼唤（拔尖题）签 名学生签名： 2016年 月 日教师签名： 2016年 月 日教 学 反 思学生能力提升课外训练题一、单项选择1. There some milk in the glass. A. is B. are C. be D. has2. -Have you got some water to drink? -Here you are. There _ still some in the bottle.A. are B. hasC. isD. have3. Here _ a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you. A. are B. is C. was D. were4. There _ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk. A.are B.is C.has D.have5. Neither my father nor I _ at home.A.am B.is C.are D.be6. A large number of students in our class _ girls. A. are B. was C. is D. be7. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses _ much if people leave things as they are.A. doesn t change B. dont change C. change D. changed8. -The number of the students in our class _ fifty-six. How many of _ are girls?A. is, them B. are, them C. is, they D. are, they9. How time flies! Three years _ really a short time.A. isB. are C. was D. were10. Ten minutes _ an hour when one is waiting for a phone call.A.seems B.seem C.seemed D.seemes11. The United States of America _ one of the most developed countries in the world.A.is B.are C.was D.were12. They both have some friends; but his _ more active.A. is B. will be C. was D. are13. Either he or I _ to attend the mass meeting this evening. A. is B. am C. are D. be14. She as well as her brother _ a League member. A. are B. were C. will D. is15. Not only his parents but also his brother _ to the Summer Palace. They havent been back.A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone16. Neither my father _ going to see the patient.A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is17. All but him and me _ to the exhibition.A. am going B. is going C. are going D. was going18. Every man, woman and child _ some history, enough at least, to survive in the world.A. knows B. know C. is known D. are known19. A chemical works _ built there. A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been20. My family _ small. A. is B. were C. are D. makes21. More than 60% of the students _ the countryside. A. is B. are C. is from D. are from22. A quarter of the workers _ from Gansu.A. is B. are C. be D. being23. Many a man _ the novel. A. has read B. have read C. is read D. are read24. The rich _ not always happy.A.are B.is C.has D.have25. Tom is the only one of the students who _ going to swim this afternoon.A. is B. was C. are D. were26. When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A. has not decided B. is not decided C. are not decided D. have not decided27. To play basketball and to go swimming _ useful for character-training. A. was B. is C. are D. were28. It is I who _ going to attend the meeting tomorrow. A. is B. am C. are D. be29. He, together with his parents _ going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you?Im afraid I have to stay at home _.A. are, on my own B. is, by myself C. is, by my own D. are, on myself30. Robert with his two kids _ to the beach for vacation every year.A. go B. goes C. went D. are going31. What _ the number of the students in your school?About two thousand. A number of them _ from England.A. is, are B. is, is C. are, is D. are, are32. The whole box of matches _ wet. We cant light any one.A. is B. are C. was D. were33. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.A. is offered B. has suffered C. are offered D. have offered34. Many a student _ that mistake before.A. had made B. has been made C. have made D. has made35. None of the money _ his.A. is B. are C. belong to D.